78 siMinm
long and dog-like; the body is short, compact, and broad-ohested, with moderately
long, powerful limbs. The bead is somewhat flattened above, with pronounced
supraorbital ridges. The limbs are relatively longer than in M. leomrms. The tail
is a little more than one-third the length of the hody and head, and is rather sparsely
clad, contracting somewhat rapidly to a point and carried erect, being somewhat
downwardly curved near the tip.
There are not the marked differences that distinguish the sexes of M. leonmus,
Blyth, to which this form is most closely allied, the males and females being alike,
and the young are only a little more richly coloured than the adults. These latter
attain to a great size, as is evinced by the dimensions of the cranium of the adult
(see table, p. 55). I have seen specimens standing at the shoulder as high as a good-
sized mastiff and quite as powerful..
The chief feature of the skull is the great development of the facial portion,
which is thrown much forwards.
I t inhabits the Malayan peninsula to the south of Tenasserim, Sumatra, and
Borneo.
M a c a c u s FtJSCATUS, B l y t h . 1
Itinuus speciosus, Temminck, Fauna Japonic,, Zool. Mamm. 1847, p. 9, pi. i. figs. 1-8 (animal and
details),pi. ii. figs. 1-6 (skull); Wagner, Sclneber, Saugeth. Suppl. vol. i. 1840, p. 146 (m
part); Gray, Hand-list Mamm. B. M. 1848, p. S.; Schinz, Syn. Mamm. vol. i. 1844, p. 69;
Is. Geoff. St-Hil. Cat. Method, des Mammif. 1861, p. 81; Gerrais, Hist. Nat. des Mammif.
1864 (in part), p. 93, fig. 94 (Cuvier in part); Wagner, Schreher, Saugeth. Suppl, vol. v.
1855, p. 58, pi. v. (Temminck's figure); Dahlbom,' Stud. Fam. Beg. An. 1856, pp. 116, 119;
Mivart,'proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 568; Gray, Cat. Monkeys and Lemurs, B. M. 1870, p. 82;
Murie, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, pp. 780, 787, fig. 1, a b (pelvis), fig. 2,o, S, If c (penis).
Inmaufmcatus, MS. Leyden Musenm; Blyth, Jouro. As. Soc. Beng. vol. xliv. 1875, ex. no. p. 6.
(Face re d ; tail short and stumpy, well clad and tufted. General colour, dark
yellowish brown.
The face is nude, with the exception of a few straggling hairs on the upper lip
and hack part of the cheeks, and a moderately long, yellowish-brown beard. The
colour of the face is intense red with a purplish hue ; but the area of the nose and
the lower lip is more or less tinged with brown. The colour of the face is most
intense during the rutting season. The callosities and the genitalia of the male are
also more or less red. The ears are large and covered entirely with long silky hairs,
which, however, disappear on their margins. The sparse silky hairs which surround
the face axe black or dark brown. The fur of the upper parts is darkest on the dorsal
line, and of a yellowish brown, as the hairs are annulated with these two colours.
The sides of the head, the breast, the under surface of the limbs and tail, and the
belly, are greyish. In the adult and old individuals the hair is long, soft, silky, and
i l a 1838 Ogilby, in h a anonymous "Treatise on .the N « W History o i Monkeys, Lemurs, sod Opossums,”
nuMskea in the “ Library of Entertaining Knowledge” (Claries Knight, “ Menageries, ” 1838), recognised that the
Japan monkey was distinct from the M. species«., JP. Curier (= M. arctoides), and proposed for it the name of Popio
ja p m vm i and he mentions that he had observed a living example of true M. spectosus.
very thick throughout, but more sparse on the under parts. The tail is short, and
equally dad with long hairs, which form a depressed terminal tuft.
Length of body from muzzle to root of tail 2 feet; length of tail 3 inches.
Inhabits Japan.
M a c a c t j s t i b e t a n u s , A. M.-Edwards.
Macacus tibetanus, A. M.-Edwards, Comptes Rendu s, Juillet 14, 1870, vol. lxx. p. 341; Rech. des
Mammif. 1868-74, p. 244, pis. xxxiv. et xxxv.; Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. long. vol. xliv. 1876,
ex. no. p. 7.
Head large and whiskered; form robust; tail stumpy and clad. General colour
of the animal brown; whiskers greyish.
Face almost nude, flesh-coloured, with a flush of deep crimson around the
eyes, the nasal region and upper lip being brown as in M. arctoides. Face rather
elongated. Callosities large. Hairs below the ears and behind the cheeks extremely
long, forming tufted whiskers of a greyish white, some of the hairs being tipped
with dark brown. Hair on the forehead and top of head short and of a dull
tawny brown; hut on the nape, over the shoulders, and upper part of trunk, this
colour becomes deeper, hut paler on the limbs. The under surface generally is
a whitish grey. The fur is especially long over the shoulders and upper part of
the trunk. The tail is short and stumpy, but well clad, especially at its base,
and darker above than below.
Length from the muzzle to root of tail 2 feet 9 inches; length of tail (carried
erect) 3 9 inches with the hair.
Inhabits the mountains of Moupin.
The resemblances which this monkey presents to M. arctoides are not confined
to the young, but can be traced in the skull of the adults.
M a c a c t t s r u f e s c e n s , Anderson.
Macacus rufescens, Anderson, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 204; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 495,
pi. xxiv.; 1878, p. 194.
Face red, more brilliant around the orbits, and brownish on the nose and lips.
Tail stumpy and poorly clad. Fu r rather brilliant brick-red.
This form is closely allied to M. arctoides, which it resembles in its build and
in the proportions of its parts; but this comparison is solely based on the young of
the species, as this red, stump-tailed monkey, is known only from young specimens.
The colouring of the face is the same as in the young of M. arctoides. The
colour of the animal, as in the latter species, increases in depth of tint on the mesial
line of the dorsal surface, the hairs along that region being tipped with black. The
brick-red colour is especially brilliant on the flanks and on the outside of the limbs
and on the cheeks. The heard, throat, chest, and under parts generally, and the
inside of the limbs, are also brick-red. The hair on the top of the head is short and