Su. des Mamm. 1840, p. 90 ; Gervais; Toy. Autour. du Monde, Zool. vol. n, 1841. p. 8; Gray,
Haud-list Mamm. B. M. 1843, p. 7 ; Blyth, Joum. As. Soo. Beug. vol. mir. 1844, p. 474 ; Iiii,
p. 478; Schinz, Syn. Mamm. yol.il 1844, p. 65; Blyth, Joum. As. Soo. vol. m 1847,
p. 731 • Is. Geoff. St.-Hil. Cat. Méthod. des Mammif. 1854, p. 27 ; Horsfield, Cat. Mam. E.
Ind. Co’. Mm. 1861; p. 17; Gervais, Hist. Nat. des Mammil 1864, p. 86 (figure) ; Blyth, Cat.
Mom. As. Soo. Mus. 1863, p. 9; Martens, Der Preuss. Eiped. uaoh. Ost. Asien, Zool. 1886,
p. 52.; Gray, Cat. Monkeys and Lemurs, B. M. 1870, p. 80 ; Blyth, Joum. As. Soo. 1875, vol.
xliv. ex. no. p. 7.
Sirnia faseicularis, Raffles, Trans. Linn. Söo. vol. siii. 1822, p. 246. M BH __
Maeaeus earlonarius, P. Cuv. Hist. Nat. des Mammil Oot. 1825 pl. morn. ; Ihsoher Syn. Mamm.
1829 p 26 • Is Geoff. St.-Hil. Voy. de Bélanger, Zool. 1834, p. 63 > Müller und Schlegel, Ver-
handL 1839-44, p. 49; Lesson, Sp. des Mammif. 1840, p. 92 ; Blyth, Joum. g g Soc Beng.
vol. xvi. 1847, pp. 731, 732 ; Cat. Mamm. As. Soc. Mus. 1863, p. 9 ; Gervais, Hist. Nat. des
Mammil. 1854, p. 87 (figure o£ head). M H
Macaeus aureus, Is. Geoff. M g Zool. Toy. de Bélanger, 1884, p 58; Lesson, Sp. des Mamnuf.
1840, p. 92; Arch, des Mus. vol. ii. 1841, p. 566; Cat. Méthod. des Mammi 1851 p. 27,
Syn. Mamm. vol. i. 1844, p. 56 ; Gervais, Hist. Nat. des Mamnuf. 1864, p. 87 (figure
Hdfar, Joum. As. Soo. Beng. vol. vii. 1888, p, 868; Blyth, iä«, vol.
xiii. 1 8 4 4 , p . 4 7 2 .
SsmnopitAeeus iuH, Martin, Mag. Nat. Hist. (Charlesworth), vol. n. p. 435
SsmnopitAeeus faseiculans, Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Zool. Soo. Mus. Lond. 1888 (2nd. .ed.), p. 4.
■Taunus (Cercocelus) cyuesmlgus, Wagner, Schreher, Säugeth. Suppl. vol. 1. 1840, p. 135.
Inmus (Cercocebus) aureus, Wagner, Sohreber, Säugeth. Suppl. vol.. i. .1840, p. 138.
Semnopithecus bra, Lesson, Sp. des Mammif. 1840, p. 65.
Macacos auratus, Müller und Schlegel, Verhandl. 1839-44, p. 49. WÊÊÊÊ
M a c a e u s plilippensis, Is. Geoff. St.-Hü. Cat. Méthod. des Mammil. 1851, p. 29; Gervais, Hist. Nat.
des Mammil. 1854, p. 88 (figure o£ head). , ('v il c .
Itmuus (Macaeus) cgtwmlgus, Wagner, Sohreber, Sängeth. Suppl. vol. v. 1855, p. 52.
Innuus (Macaeus) palpdrcsus, Wagner, Sobreber, Säugeth. Suppl. vol. v..1865, p. 54.. ■
PitAecus (Macaeus) cywrmlgus, Dahlbom, Stud. Zool. Farn. Beg. An. 1856, pp. 118, 126-
PUhecus (Macaeus) aureus, Dahlbom, Stud. Zool. Farn. Beg. An. 1866, pp. 118, 120. jggi
PitAecus (Macaeus) pAUippeusis, Dahlbom, Stnd. Zool. Farn. Beg. An. 1866, pp. 118, 12 .
Macaeus fur, Slack, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phjladelph, 1867, p. 86 (plate).
Macaeus cristalus, Gray, Cat. Monkeys and Lemurs, B. M. 1870, p. 80.
Macaeus assamensis, Gray, Cat. Monkeys and Lemurs, B. M. 1870, p. 81.
I obtained a monkey of this species from the late Dr. Marfels, who had got it
from a Buddhist priest on the right hank of the Irawady to the north-west of Mandalay,
of which locality it was said to be a native. However, it had been a captive
in the monastery for many years. My first impression on seeing it was that it
was an old male of M. cyrumolgm, but after it had reached London and I saw it
side by side with living examples of that form in the Zoological Gardens, I began
to doubt the correctness of my opinion, because the animal so much exceeded m
size any representative of th a t species in the collection, and showed a much flatter
a n d b r o a d e r h e a d with a considerably more developed muzzle; however, a growing
familiarity with this old male and its younger companions in the Zoological Gardens
and a frequent comparison of them ultimately led me to return to my original
conclusion. And I have since been able to verify the correctness of my conclusion
by the observation of the skins and skeletons of several adult ferine males shot
towards the east of Moulmein.
The leading features of this animal are, its massive form, its large head closely
set on the shoulders, its stout and rather short legs, its slender loins and heavy
buttocks, its tail thick at the base, and its very full and prominent scrotum. The
general colour of thé monkey does not call for any remark, as it conforms to that of
the species, and it has the bluish white area internal to the eyes and palish eyelids.
The great development of the temporal muscles confers considerable breadth to the
head and gives rise to a well-marked mesial furrow, extending backwards from
behind the supraorbital crests, indicating that the temporal ridges are confluent.
The supraorbital ridges are well defined, the forehead behind them being slightly
concave ; but they do not much overhang the eyes, which are moderately large.
The muzzle is long, full, and downwardly tending, with a rather heavy bearded
chin. The nose is but little raised above the level of- the face, which is pale
brownish, while the ears, which are erect, pointed, and nearly nude, are blackish.
The hands and feet are also blackish. The skin of the chest and upper part
of the belly is bluish, most intense in the region of the nipple. The scrotum is
brownish, blotched with livid blue.
The distinguishing features assigned to M. carbonwrim by P. Cuvier are its
blackish brown face and ears, the same colour pervading the naked skin of the hands,
the feet, and the callosities. The upper eyelids are described as white—an occurrence
which, he remarks, is singularly common among monkeys. The scrotum is a tawny
yellow. M. cynomolgm, on the other hand, is livid-faced, with a white area between
the eyes, which Cuvier notices as one of the most remarkable peculiarities of the
species. The hands and feet are black and the scrotum flesh-coloured. He states
that the Macaque à face noire resembles the Macaque à face tannée in the character
and coloration of its fur.
With regard to the white area between the eyes, a series of dark and lividfaced
Macaques will generally be found to illustrate th a t this character is not
restricted to the Macaque à face tarmêe, or essentially peculiar to it. Dark-faced
Macaques may often be observed, with the bluish white area internai to the eyes
quite as well developed as in those with livid faces ; for examples of the latter are
not uncommon, in which it is either almost entirely absent or existing only to a
feeble degree. Even in individuals in which it constitutes a prominent facial
character, it will he seen that it generally distributes itself to a greater or less extent on
to the upper eyelids, so that those of typical M- cynomolgus almost invariably partake
of the character of the eyelids of M. carbonarius. Moreover, it would appear that
in either type of face when the internal pale area is feebly marked, the bluish white
is not so well defined on the eyelids, and vice versé ; but at the same time Macaques
of these types are met with in which the bluish white colour is equally intense,
both internal to the eyes and on the upper eyelids. I t is therefore conclusive
that this local coloration is subject to considerable variation. The observation