surrounded by a dense ruff of hair which clothes the cheeks and the malar and
superciliary arches, and which is prolonged on towards the nose as a fine line
separating the muzzle from the circumorbital area. Superciliary region, sides of
face and of the neck to the shoulder, the area around the ears, the chin, throat,
and under surface of fore-limbs and upper surface of feet yellow, brightest on the
ears, the upper surface of the hands being more grey. A few black hairs on
the supercilium, and dark hairs on the forehead tipped with blackish, which
become more frequent on the vertex, and constitute a kind of skull-cap tending
to grey, with shining ferruginous hairs intermixed. The same colour is prolonged
on to the nape and the upper surface of the shoulders, but on the back it
assumes a lustrous silvery hue, the ends of the hairs becoming very brilliant
yellowish grey, and this tint increases on the hinder part of the trunk. The
outside of the fore-limb is almost concolorous with the shoulder. Front of thighs
and legs yellowish grey. Callosities and outer posterior margin of the thighs
clear yellow. Under surface clear grey, lightly washed with yellow. Tail strong,
tufted, and deep grey a t the base, mixed with yellowish grey as it approaches the
extremity, which is clad with long hairs of th a t colour. Female coloured as the
male, but less brilliant. In the young, the top of the head is paler, and the
yellowish grey of the sides of the neck spreads above and before the ears, and the
whiskers are black. In the very young there is no trace of a skull-cap. Thumb
extremely short.
Ft. In.
Length from tip of muzzle to root of tail . . . . 2 1*75
„ of tail . . . . • • ■ • * 1 9*00 .
Inhabits Moupin (western portion) to Kokinoor.
This species, one of the many remarkable animals discovered by that distinguished
traveller M. l’Abbé A. David, was first described by A. M.-Edwards
as a Semnopithecus, but after reconsideration was elevated to generic rank, chiefly
on the ground of the different proportions of its limbs to the vertebral column
as compared with Semnopithecus and the greater length of the humeral over the
radial portion of the limb, which is the inverse of what prevails in Semnopithecus.
Nothing is known regarding the digestive organs, but the animal has no cheek
pouches, and A. M.-Edwards assumes from the absence of these structures that
the stomach will probably prove multilocular. I do not think that the disproportions
of the limbs indicated by A. M.-Edwards outweigh the structural
characters in which this form resembles Semnopithecus and more especially S,
(nasalis) larvatus, and if the stomach should ultimately prove to be multilocular,
a most important point in organic similarity is established between it and
Semnopithecus.
Genus M a c a c t j s , Desmarest.
* M a c a c u s a k c t o e d e s , I s . Geoff. St.-Hilaire, Plates I and II .
Macacus speciosus, F. Cuv. Hist. Nat. des Mammif. Fev. 1825, pi. xlvi. ; Lesson, Man. de Mamm.
1827, p. 48 ; Fischer, Syn. Mamm. 1829, p. 80 ; Is. Geoff. St.-Hil. Zool. Voy. de Bélanger,
1884, p. 68 ; Wagner, Schreber, Sau ge th . Suppl. vol. i. 1840, p. 146 (in part) ; Lesson, Sp. des
Mammif. 1840, p. 102 ; Gervais, Hist. Nat. des Mammif. 1854 (in part), p. 93 ; Blyth, Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. vol. xliv. 1875, ex. no. p. 6.
Macacus arctoides, Is. Geoff. St.-Hil. Mag. de Zool. 1833, cli. pi. ii. (adult) ; Zool. du Voy. de
Bélanger, 1834^ p. 61; Arch, du Mus. vol. ii. 1843 (in part), p. 575 ; Méthod. des Mammif.
1851, p. 81; Schinz, Syn. Mamm. volJ|i>1844, p. 58; A. M.-Edwards, Rech. des Mammif.
1868-74, p. 246; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 203; Murie, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872,
pp. 770, 771.
Macacus maurus, Is. Geoff. St.-Hil. Voy. de Bélanger, Zool. 1834, p. 63 ; Lesson, Sp. des Mammif.
1840, p. 98.
Papio melanotus, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1889, p. 81 ; Schinz, Syn. Mamm. vol. i. p. 59 (in part).
Cynopithecus speciosus, Lesson, Sp. des Mammif. 1840, p. 102.
Inuus (;Maimon) a/rctoides, Wagner, Schreber, Saugeth. Suppl. vol. .i. 1840, p. 146.
Macacus ursinus, Gervais, Hist. Nat. des Mammif. 1854, p. 98.
Inuus {Inuus) arctoideus, Wagner, Schreber, Saugeth. Suppl. vol. v. 1855, p. 57.
Pithecus {Macacus) arctoides, Dahlbom, Stud. Zool. Fam. Reg. An. 1856, pp. 116, 118.
Pithecus arctoides, Blainville, Ostéogr. Mamm. vol. i. p. 44, 1889-64, atlas ii. pi. vii. (skull).
Macacus mela/notus, Gray, Cat. Monkeys and Lemurs, B. M. 1870, p. 29.
Macacus brunneus, Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 628; 1,872, p. 203, pi. xii. (juv.) ; 1874, p. 652
Inuus speciosus, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. vol. xliv. 1875, ex. no. p. 6.
The type of M. arctoides was an adult male from Cochin China, characterised
by a red face, very short, stumpy tail, and by long hair, each individual hair being
“ plusieurs fois annelés de brun et de roux clair.” The type of M. melanotus,
Ogilby, was a young male said to have been obtained from Madras, also distinguished
by the first two characters of the previous specimen, but with apparently
uniformly brown fur, passing nearly into black on the head and back. The type of
M. brunneus had also a short, stumpy tail and red face, and when it was described,
the fur was wholly brown without annulations, the animal having been brought
from the hill region on the western frontier of the province of Yunnan, China.
When I described the last-mentioned monkey, I had not access to Geoff. St.-
Hilaire’s figure of M. arctoides in the “ Magasin de Zoologie,” as the volume was
not in any Indian library ; and I hesitated to regard it as identical with M. melanotus,
Ogilby, considering that the locality from whence M. melanotus was said to have
come has a fauna perfectly distinct from the hill region of Western China.1
1 Dr. Sclater has recently directed my attention to a monkey from Siam in the Zoological Gardens, which
exactly agrees with M. melanotus and M. brunneus, and, like these types, it is quite a young individual When
describing M. brunneus, I pointed out the structurally rudimentary character of the terminal candal vertebræ, and
that the individual which manifested these characters was in the habit of sitting on its tail. This observation was
called in question by Dr. Muris ; but a careful observation of this Siamese individual reveals a similar habit, and
doubtless associated with it will be ultimately found a like degradation of the terminal caudal vertebræ.