1875, p. 241; Hume, Nests and Eggs, Ind. Birds, p. 825, 1878; Severtzoff, Stray Feathers;
1875, p. 429; Godwin-Austen, Joum. As. Soc., Bengal, vol. xlv, 1876, p. 79; Dresser, Ibis,
1876, p. 78.
Bradybatespectoralis, Gray, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 181, 1846.
Cyaneculapectorals, Gray, Handl. B., vol. i, p. 224, 1869.
Callìope baliioni, Severtzoff, Turkest. Jevotn., 1878, pp. 65, 122; Stray Feathers 1875 p. 429-
Dresser, Ibis, 1876, p. 78.
a. t Bhamò, Upper Burma, 27th February 1868.
b. ? Ponsee, 18th March 1868.
The male is in full "winter plumage. The female, however, does not present any
trace of white on the base of the tail, hut in every other respect it agrees with
the females of this species.
Severtzoff obtained this species in Turkestan, Jerdon records it from Nflghmii»
and Sikhim, and in the Calcutta Museum it is represented from Cachar. I t has
recently been observed by Godwin-Austen in the Dafla hills, Assam, and these
specimens extend its distribution to the valley of the Upper Irawady and to the
frontier of Yunnan.
Genus P r a t í n c o l a , Koch.
8 2 . P r a t ín c o l a j e r d o n i , B l y t h .
Rhodophila melwnoleuca, Jerdon, B. Ind., vol. ii, pp. 128, 872; Gould, B. Asia, pt. sviii.
Oreicola jerdoni, Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 14.
Saxícola jerdoni, Gray, Handl. B., vol. i, p. 227.
a. b. c. d. 8 Bliamó, 28rd January 1868, 1st and 6th February 1868.
e. 8 Bhamó, 20th January 1875.
f . g. $ Tsitkaw (Tapeng), 6th February 1875.
Not uncommon at Bhamó. I t has much the habits of a Pratíncola, and I
usually found it perched on long grass on the outskirts of some open space.
I have carefully measured the length of the bill of this species, and find that it
is no longer than the bills of some Pratíncola, if so long as some, such as P. caprata
and P . ferrea. The nostrils of Pratíncola, such as P. caprata and others, appear to
me to be quite as much entitled to be called longitudinal as that of Rhodophila, and
I fail to detect that the nostrils are more impeded by narial tufts than Pratíncola.
The slight rounding of the tail over that which prevails in Pratíncola cannot of
itself be regarded as a generic character. There is the same difference between the
sexes as prevails in Pratvncola. The female is uniform rufous-brown above, the
rufous more marked on the lower back and upper tail coverts. Wing coverts, quills
and tail brown, the two secondaries and coverts margined with rufous. A faint
hardly perceptible greyish supercilium. Chin and throat white. Breast pale rufous-
cinereous, passing into pale rufous on the flanks and the thigh coverts and round
the vent. Under tail coverts dirty white.
8 3 . P r a t ín c o l a f e r r e a , Hodgson.
Rubecula ferrea, Hodgs., in Gray's Zool. Misc., p. 88, 1844.
Saxícola ferrea, Gray, Cat. Mamm., &c., Coll. Hodgs., p. 71, 1846; id., Gen. B., vol. iii, App. p. 8,
1849.
Pratvncola ferrea, Blyth, Joura. As. Soc.> Bengal, Vol. xvi, p. 129, 1847; id., Cat. B. Mus., As.
Soc., Bengal, p. 170, 1849; Bonap. Consp., t. i, p. 805, 1850; Horsfield & Moore, Cat. B.
Mus. E. Ind. Co., i, p. 286, 1854; Jerdon, B. Ind., vol. ii, p. 127, 1868; Stoliczka,
Joum. As. Soc., vol. xxxvii, 1868, p. 41; Gray, Handl. B., vol. i, p. 228, 1869; Henders. &
Humé, Lahore to Yarkand, p. 205, pi. xii, 1878; Hume, Stray Feathers, 1874, p. 478; id.,
op. cit., 1875, p. 185; op. cit., 1876, p. 36; id., Nests and Eggs, Ind. Birds, p. 818, 1873;
Brooks, Stray Feathers, 1875, p. 239.
a.—c. & d. ? Ponsee, 1st and 3rd May 1868.
I observed this Pratvncola only on the Ponsee hills, where it is far from being
common. These specimens agree in every way with undoubted examples of this
species; but I have two specimens from Simla identified by Dr. Stoliczka, in which
the black centres are very feebly developed, and the feathers of the head, neck,
back and wing coverts are tipped with earthy brown. This is more marked in one
specimen than in the other, and the former has a number of white feathers on the
forehead. All the tail quills of the first specimen are more or less tipped with
rufous*
8 4 . P r a t ín c o l a c a p r a t a , Horsfield.
Le Traquet de Visle de Luqon, Briss. Om., t. iii, p. 442, pi. xxiv, figs. 2, 3, 1760.
Motacilla caprata, Linn., Syst. Nat., i, p. 885, 1766, ex Briss.
Saxícola fruticola, Horsfield, Tr. Linn. Soc., vol. xiii, p. 157, 1820.
Saxícola bicolor, Sykes, Proc. Zool. Soc., p. 92, 1832.
Saxícola erythropygia, Sykes, Proc. Zool. Soc., p. 92, 1882.
Motacilla syhatica, Tickell, Joum. As. Soc., Bengal, ii, p. 575, 1888.
Saxícola caprata, Jerdon, Madr. Joum., vol. x, p. 265, 1839; Gray, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 179, 1846 ;
id., Cat. Mamm., &c., Nepal, p. 71, 1846.
Pratíncola caprata, Blyth, Joum. As. Soc., Bengal, vol. xvi, p. 129, 1847; id., Cat. B. Mus., As. Soc.,
Bengal, p. 169, 1849; Bonap. Consp., t. i, p. 305, 1850; Horsfield & Moore, Cat. B. Mus.
E . Ind. Co., vol. i, p. 284, 1854; Jerdon, B. Ind., vol. ii, p. 124, 1868; Stoliczka, Joum. As.
Soc., Bengal, vol. xxxvii, 1868, p. 407; Gray, Handl. B., vol. i, p. 228, 1869; Elwes, Ibis,
1870, p. 527; Walden, Proc. Zool. Soc., vol. viii, p. 63, 1871; Salvad., Ucc. Bom., p. 252,1874;
Ball, Stray Feathers, 1874, p. 413; Hume, t. c., p. 477; id., op. cit., 1875, p. 134; id.,
Nests and Eggs, Ind. B., p. 814,1878; Walden, Proc. Zool. Soc., vol. ix, p. Í98, 1875; Butler,
Stray Feathers, 1876, p. 89; Fairbank, t. c., p. 259; Butler, op. cit., 1877, p. 229.-
Saxícola melaleuca, Hodgs., in Gray's Zool. Misc., p. 188, 1844.
Pratíncola at/rata, Blyth, Joum. As. Soc., Bengal, vol. x, p. -177; - Jerdon, B. Ind., vol. ii, p. 124;
1868; Gray, Handl. B., vol. i, p. 228, 1869.
Pratíncola bicolor, Hume, Nests and Eggs, Ind. B., p. 814, 1875.
a. c. S d. e. 9 Upper Burma.
f . g. h. $ Bhamd, 18th to 28rd February 1868.
*. $ Yaylaymaw, 7th January 1875.
k. j Momien, June 1868j‘
F 4