tains of Tibet, and the (fou*c&s of.{^Ganges,upyr knowledge remain«
imperfedt. Still fainter light falls on the «ridges which rrua -iij aa
and,wefterl j|, jtp|t^e-pqrthi*)fJra gy.§§t< defar-t.:: It has
j®g£pg beei^ (j^fegve^^nr deh^ihi^the • m^utttslhs $£: Ruffia,
that tbg great mountain of Bögdq jgiyès fouree to the upper Irtifh,. afid
niuft therefore be tfiat delineated in Arrowfeath’s map*of AGa, at lpnr
gttude : and latitude 47?. : Then<?e..a-chaiu runs; -N. W. called jthe
golden Mountain,, being the main Altaian ridgej while to the S. E.
paflbs a. range called jChangai, A ridge pafling to the weft is by the
Tatars ca$jed Ala-Tan, and fometimes Al<kkoala, or the Cheequeyed
Mountahi. ; From the Arakopla, or- Allakoola, the river Hi runs, to the
north.*
^ »further jpluftratitms «ofeithiis cpriftus $nd: be
derived from thé map published ^ by, Ifleniefi^ a Ruffian qfficer, of
a great part of weftern Tatary.* It is, however^- to be «Regretted
that ijdiq,ranges of mountains,- whidi pught to have been3delineated
with as much precifionj asi the (timers, ,a*e,|rather faintly.'indicated, „
Pafling in filence the fmaller mountains named i;u'thia map, >^hieh are
very numerous, fome remarks may be offered on, the larger chains.
That of Bogdö runs fromS. W. to N. E., about .a degree-.And-a. half
from , the lake Lop,, or. I,ok Nor. The.chief Altaian chain: pafles jii .a
more northerly direaion, terminating towards' the?e'aft *at'füerdike: of
LJffla, whence it proceeds N. W. towards the lake. ofAltya; then, bending
S, W. forms the boundary between the Ruflian-and Chihefe empires.
Tut asrthegreaterAftaihaslittle-connexion with that extenfiveTroutier
it may i be doubted, whether Pallas, and|Pennant have jydiciou-fly a£-
figned the name of Altaian chain to the prodigious ridge which,divides
Ae Ruffian empire from the: Chinefe.f Iflenieff marks the leffer Althi
- • * - Toofce’s Ruflla, 1.149.' ’
* Major-Rennell isindined to tend' little credit’ to the Ruflian maps, becaufe ..thereis, as hè
conceives, an error of 5® o flongitude, Samarcand, for inftance, being placed about long. 69°
36-0111 London, inftead of 64°. But in l . mode .of arguing Ptolemy would not deferve
-once quoted-; and the Ruflian maps feem, on the contrary, preferable to all others, till a&ual
obferv’ations can be employed.
- t When .the Altai joins this grand boundary- it -is. called the Chatai, or Lcffer Altai, Hence
Cathaian chain might be preferable« I
CHAP. IV. N A T UR A L GEOGRAPHY. 129
as 'being alo demominated-Chafrai, orßhaltäi'; ahd edntinues the Ruflian
frontier-do' 'the-.weft, hyitheV chain of Uluk .Tag, -whence fe veraf,river 8
flow itf-to. 'the frdfli, He-difo lays idoslm -a fange;-^ 11'# Algidym Zano,
in thehfo'untry of thé‘Kakgufes^of the m-iddlp hprd; 1
TheTbaib of Clèngar branches hut at the further termination of the
great Altai, ’pafling SdEi^as -already- mentioned. - The mountains df
Malgän proceed in an opföflte, dfte&iofi on the 'Couth, of the of'
T%fa*-and the! fiver Tesz. Between the lake Z-aizan and Cafhgajr are
many rocky bilk', the chief ranges feam, to jbe thofe of Ghatpar Daban
and Ajagu, to^e-fouth and weft-ofthat lake; and fehê fnowy fange of
JVItlfart3 running E. and W*. tó* .thg' ri^th",of Cafhgar^ and ».continued _by
a*idllV®ater;:chairffhät of Älak alfo-'calk^,TerefeiDaban; and1 towards
the fouth ‘feehir Tag, or .the Cloudy Mountain^.-, This ,laft feê^^re-.
prefent the Imaus ,o£ thp anpi^nts; while ’the..- range of .Mus.,Tag,- ac-,
cording to Iflenieff, runs E. and W. in the -38° ^fi latitude, giving
fouree to feveral/tivers which flow north into that pf Irken, or Yarkand.
Ftölemy indeed delineate« the highéft paft of the Imaus in the fame di*
region, and derives from it the four.ces. of the Indus, and Ganges’;
whidi laft river modern ‘difcóvery deduced from-a rattge 40 more to the
foath., Iflenieff hiinfelf Is fuppofe'd to be in a fimilar,! ërrb|V when he
d-ÄvöS the feurees- of thé Syr and Amu, ©r Sihon and Jihon, from
Belur Tag, or the Cloudy Mountains, omitting ä parallel fange about
two degrees more to the weft; yet the fpace^ between thefe two fup-
pofed ranges feems idly -filled up by what Is called the plain efPamer;
and perhaps the Ruffian geography is preferable. According to Iflenieft;
whpfe jilain map may be preferred to any fcienfific theories, the range
0f Argjun, or Argun, and Karatau runs N. W. and S. Ë. between the
Sihpn and the Talas; while that‘of Aktau tuns S. W. on the fouth
óf the-Syr, or.Sihon.* -
The great rivers-of Qnon and Argoon, with others that flow in an
oppofite direAiOn. into the Sellnga, rife from the high ridge of So-
/ chondo,
• 'T h e Allakoola o f Mr. Toofee la laid down -by .Iflttiirf aa the eaftmsi part of.theMufart
range, o« th« north ot L ittö Büeham. the Pallas tnuft-pafs in* h different
direiSlion. ‘
VOL. II.
Mountains.
S Some