
 
		C H A P T E R   I I I .   ■  - 
 C iv .i l   G e o g r a p h y . 
 -  Manners. — language. —  yLiterature'. —  Cities. — -Edifices. •— Manufactures  
 Commerce. 
 Maskers  f  g MIF.RE  is  a  confiderable  limilitude  in  the  manners^and  cuftoms -of  
 C ustoms.  all  the. Hates between  the vaft  countries  of  China  and Hindpftan; 
 ■ with  Ih'aderrif difference,- as  they Approximate  to.  either of thefe yori of  
 civilization.  Siang.though centrical, . has embraced a; branch of Hindoo  
 ■  faith,  and .the manners  are  rather Hindoftanie  than  Chmefe.  J 
 .  Loubere has given  an  ample and  interefting  account  of Siamefe manners. 
   The  fair  fex  are  under  few  feftraints,  and  are  married  a t   an  
 esulyage^being paft  parturition  at forty.,  The  efppufals  ar^rcpncluded  
 by female mediation;  and  as wealth  is  carefully, concealed,  from  dread  
 of extortion  by  the  magiftrate  or  prince,  a prieft  or  magician is COn-  
 fulted  concerning  the propriety  of  the  alliance."*  .On  the  third viifit the  
 parties ate  bonfidered .as,wedded,  after  thl  exchange  of a  few  prefents,  
 and  without  any  further  ceremony'civil  or  facredl'  Polygamy  is  allowed; 
   bat is  rather pradifed-  from oftentation  than  any  other motive,  
 and-one  wife  is  always  acknowledged  as  fupreme.  From  pride  .die N  
 royal  marriages are  fomefimes  inceftuous,  and the king does not Kefifate  ■  
 to  efpoufe  his  own  lifter.  Divorce  is  feldom practifed,  as mutual  ne-  
 ceflities and  habits perpetuate-the union  of the  poor;  and  the rich may  ’  
 choofe  a  more compliant  wife without difmifling  the  former.  " A  temporary  
 amorous  intercourfe  is  rather  forbidden by  the  pride  of the  fex,  
 than  by any  moral  or  legal  conlideratioris,  being regarded as  a  brief  
 marriage,  and  inconftancy as a  divorce,  Few women became mins  fill  
 they be advanced  in  years. 
 According  to  the  fame  excellent  author  the  Siamefe  funerals  cbn-  
 fiderably relemble  tbofe  of  the Chinefe.1  The  body  is  inclofed  'in  a  
 * 
 wooden 
 •wooden  hier  or  varnilhed coffin  ;  and  the monks  called Talapoins,  (perhaps  
 from  their  tafapan,  or  peculiar umbrella,) - fîïïg.  hymns  in  the  Bali  
 tongue.  After  a   folemn  procelfion  the  body  is-,  burnt  on  a  funeral  pile  
 o f precious woods,  erefted- near  Ionic temple ;  and  the, fpedtaelcis  often  
 Tendered  more  magnificent  by  the? addition g£theatrical ^exhibitions,  in  
 which  the  Siamefe  excel.  The  tombs - are  in  a pyramidal  form  ;  and  
 thole  of the  kings  large  and  lofty,  I  Mourning  is  not ‘prescribed, by  thç  
 laws,  as  ! in’ China :  and the ‘poor-a'rë buried  with 'Itsf^*c&rei&blay.'-!  , ' 
 As -wc1 eat*  léfs * in  fuirimbr fhrin hi winter, do  in* gerieM  nations  inhabiting  
 warm  climates  are  temp eta trè  in  tdieti-’  The  Oothmon''nourilh-  
 mentr; of.  the1' Siam’dfê  cbnfiffis*'ih fibe  ahd''“hIh, 'hèih  which'-artMes- are  
 abundant.  ’  They  affô  ieht,*fi'zaras,  fats,  arid  lèverai’  kiridsdoP infedts.  
 The Value  bf about  rone  penny' "lÿcriid^iuffieed'  a poor-man 
 his  daily pound  of rice,  with ŸoiU.è' dried* filh  ‘aud  rack.  The1 buffàloes  
 yield’rich m'ilk;  but Butter’would  tbelt and xHe^âie^fà’nbid,'  and  efterifb  
 is,'unknown.  Little  animal  food  'is’ ufed'5in Siam,  mutton1  dnd  beef  
 bjëing'" very  bad"; ’ and  while "'the  Chinefe  Indulge  ih  all-  viands,1  the  
 ddEtritte  of Boodft' ratber'inffueftcè^ the Siâm'efe,4  and induces a hürfbr it  
 the  éffufion  of bilbod.  So'that Siam in  this,  as in  d£he*r rèfpecïs,' formfc  
 a media!  pbint  of  cbfnparifon  between  China  and'Hindoftan.  -Yet  in  
 grand feftivals  the Chinefe manner'is fomefimes kdo’ptted. 
 The  houfes  are  fmallj  and  conftrtuâed  of bambôos'iïffon jrillars,  to  
 güard ,*againft  inundations'1 *ïb  cotamari in'  this  'cbuntryV  They  are  
 fpcMily deftroy'ed1 and  replaced ;  and  a conflagration/  if - a^bbhtmon,1 is  
 at the  fame'  time  a  flight  calamity.  Even  the palaces  only  exceed  the  
 common  habitations  by  occupying a   mo r e ex t en uve* ip ac e ,5  and'  being  
 conftrudted  of timber,  with  à few  ornaments :  they' are  alfo  of a  greater  
 height,  but never  exceed  one  floor.  If, they  continue  as  Loubere  de-  
 feribes  them,  they  form  aftriking  contrail with  the  fplendid  edifices1,of  
 the  Birmans;  but  it is  probable ‘that, rivalry  has  produced  greater pomp.  
 Brick  was  however  ufed  in  the'conftradlion  bf  temples,  and  funeral  
 pyramids.  It*  is' To  'bé'Vîlhed that  Lbühefe  had. figured  the  Istfer  as  
 well as  the  former ;  and’ indeed  to • be^ègletted ift'général  that a mofé  
 intelligent voyager  to Siam  has no.t  fupplied  any defebls.in his'int,eroding  
 narrative._  1 
 VOL .  I I . Ta 
 Ma k , 
 «Vsl