CAMPANULA RAPUNCULUS. RAMPION BELLFLOWER.
CAMPANULA Rapunculus, foliis scabriusculis, denticulatis, radicalibus oblongis petiolatis, caulinis
lineari-lanceolatis, panicula coarctata, laciniis calycinis subulatis ïntegris.
CAMPANULA Rapunculus. Linn. Sp. P I p. 232. Huds. Angl. p. 95. With. Bot. Arr. cd. 4.
vol 2. p. 238. Smith F l Brit. p . 236. Engl. Bot. t. 283. Hoffm. Germ. ed. 2.
vo l I. P . l.p . 101. Willd. Sp. P I vo l I. p. 896. Decand. Fl.Fr. ed. 3. vol. 3.
p . 699• F l Gall. Syn. p. 252. Pers. Syn. P I vol. 1. p . 189. Alton Hort. Kew.
ed. 2. vol. 1. p. 346. Oed. Fl. Dan. t. 855.
CAMPANULA foliis ellipticis serratis, subhirsutis, caule aspero, floribus paniculatis. Hall. Helv.
n. 699.
RAPUNCULUS esculentus. Rampions. Raii Syn. p. 17 7 .
Dan. Germ, and Swed. Rapunzel. Dut. Raponee. It. Raperonzo. Port. Raponcos. Russ. Ra-
panhel. Span. Rapinchos. Welsh. Clychlysamryddail
Class and Ord e r . PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
[N atural Ord e r . CAMPANULACEA2, Juss. Decand. Brown.]
Gen. Cha r. Calyx quinque- (raro quadri-) fidus. Corolla campanulata, quinquefida. Filamenta basi dilatata..
Stigma tri- vel bi-lobum. Capsula tri- vel bi-locularis, stepius infera, foraminibus lateralibus aperiens, nunc apice
supero valvato. (Br. Prodr.') ’
Gen. Char. Calyx five- (rarely four-) cleft. Corolla bell-shaped, five-cleft. Filaments dilated at the base.
Stigma three-or four-lobed. Capsule three- or two-celled, mostly inferior, opening with lateral pores, sometimes
valved at the extremity which is superior. (Br. Prodr.)
Radix biennis, fusiformis, carnosa, intus alba, dulcis,
esculenta, hie illic parum fibrosa.
Caulis simplex, bi-vel tri-pedalis,erectus, viridis, teres,
sulcatus, ahgulis scabriusculis, inferne parce pilosis.
Folia alterna, distantia, inferiora majora, mollia, undu-
lata, pilosiuscula, oblonga, basi in petiolum attenuate,
superiora sensim minora, erecta, subflex-
uosa, rigidiuscula, sub lente paululum scabra,
lineari-lanceolata, sessilia, acuminata, omnia ma-
gis minusve denticulata, nervo valido percursa,
dorso prominente.
BrActe/E paTvas, subulat®, superiores minutissim®.
Panicula terminalis, erecta, longa, multiflora, subco-
' arctata.
Pedunculi longi, gräciles, plerumque terni, simplices,
vel rarius ramosi, superiores brevissimi.
Flores erecti, demum post anthesin subnutantes.
Calyx angulatus, quinque-partitus, laciniis corolla dimi-
dio brevioribus, subulatis, integerrimis, glabris.
Corolla purpurea, lineata, campanulata, subventri-
cosa, quinque-fida, glabra.
Stamina quinque: Filamenta brevia,alba, basi dilatata,
margine ciliata. Anther® long®, lineares, flav®.
Germen inferum, angulatum, inverse pyramidatum, triloculare.
Stylus linearis, teres, pubescens, inferne nudus: Stigma
trifidum, pubescens, intus glabrum.
Root biennial, fusiform, fleshy, white within, sweet, esculent,
here and there a little fibrose.
Stem simple, two or three feet high, erect, green, round,
furrowed, the angles rough, below slightly hairy.
Leaves alternate, distant, the lower ones the largest,
softish, undulate, slightly hairy, oblong, a t the
base lengthened into a footstalk, the superior
ones gradually smaller, erect, slightly flexuose,
a little rough, somewhat rigid under a microscope,
linear-lanceolate, sessile, acuminate, all more or
less toothed, furnished with a strong nerve which
is prominent on the back.
Bracteas small, subulate, the superior ones very minute.
P a n ic l e terminal, erect, long, many-flowered, somewhat
.compact.
P eduncles long, slender, generally ternate, simple, or
rarely branched, the superior ones very short.
Flowers erect, at length after flowering somewhat nodding.
Calyx angled, five-cleft, with the segments half the
length of the corolla, subulate, entire, smooth.
Corolla purple, lined, bell-shaped, slightly ventricose,
five-cleft, smooth.
Stamens five: Filaments short, white, dilated at the
base, ciliated at the margin: Anthers long, linear,
yellowish.,
Ge rm en inferior, angled, inversely pyramidate, three-
celled.
Style linear, round, pubescent, below naked : Stigma
trifid, pubescent, within smooth.
Fig. 1. Flower with the corolla and one of the segments of the calyx removed. Fig. 2. Stamen. Fig. 3. Germen
and style, the former cut down vertically. Fig. 4. Portion of a germen cut open horizontally, to show the vet
imperfect seeds and their receptacle. J
The only British species of Campanula to which this is at all nearly allied is the C. patula, already figured in
this work; and from that it may readily enough be distinguished by the smaller corolla, its shorter and iess spread-
mg segments, by the compact panicle, and by the narrower and toothless segments of the calyx.
. It was found in Merrett’s time near Petersfield in Hampshire, and Wigmore in Hertfordshire. It has been
discovered between Bexley and Dartford Heath, Kent; at Edmonton and Enfield, Middlesex ; at Old Bucken-
nam Lastle, Norfolk; in Badley Wood and Whittlewood Forest, Northamptonshire; in Bradford Hollows Not-
tinghamshire; at Enville, Staffordshire; at Esher, Beddington and near Croydon, Surry, whence our plants were
gathered m July 1818 by Mr. Graves; at Pulborough, Sussex; at Hindlip, Worcestershire; and at Wressle near
nowden, Yorkshire. To this list of stations for Campanula Rapunculus, taken from the Botanist’s Guide, may be
the Rev R B F ran ?^ ^ Windmi11 at the north entrance of Dereham, Norfolk, where it has been found by
■ T^e Plant is cultivated in gardens, and the roots, before the plant has thrown up its flowering-stalks, are rec-
a "® a great delicacy at table, particularly on the continent, where they are eaten raw as salad, or boiled like
paiagus. Withering adds that they are blanched in gardens.