TRIGLOCHIN PALUSTRE. MARSH ARROW-GRASS.
TRIGLOCHIN palustre; capsulis trilocularibus, sublinearibus.
TRIGLOCHIN palustre; Zinn. Sp. P I.p . 482. Huds.Angl.p. 152. Lightf. Scot.p. 191. JVitli.
Bot. Arr. ed. 4. ml. 3. p. 352. Hoffm. Germ. ed.-3. vol. jj§ P . I. p : 174. Oed. Fl.
Dan. t. 490. ÎVilld. Sp'.: PI. vol. 3. p. 264. Smith Fl. Brit. p. 398. Engl. Bot.
t. 366. Decand. Fl. Fr. ed. 3. vol. 3. p. 192. Fl. Gall. Syn. p. 157. Pers. Si/n. PI.
vol. 1. p. 396. A it on Hort. K m . ed. 3. vol. 3. p . 325. JYahl. Lapp. p . 91. Nuttàll
PI. Amer. vol. 1. p . 237.
JUNCAGO palustris ét vul garis. Arrow-headed Grass. Raii Syn. p. 435.
Dan; Frehage. Dut. Zoutgras. Fr. Froscart. Germ. Krö.tengras. Norw. Spidt strandgras. '
Swed. Kiärrsalting. Welsh. Saethbenig y gors.
Class an d Ord e r . HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA.
[N atural Ord e r . JUNCAGINEÆ, Richard. ALISMACEÆ, Decand. Brawn. JUNCI, Juss.
Ch a r. Or d in is : Calyx subuniformis, raro nullus: Semina unicum' aut duo, approximato-basilaria, erecta •
Embryo orthotropus (seu rectus, radicula ad hilum seminis versa). Richard in Mem. du Mus.']
G e n . Cha r. Perianthium hexaphyllum, deciduum, foliolis concavis ; tribus interioribus altius insertis Stamina
sex, brevissima. Anthera poslicas, subsessiles. Ovaria tria ad sex, monosperma. Styli breves. Stigmata
adnata. Capsula très ad sèx, evalves. ' Semina erecta. B r. in FI. Nov. IIoll.
G e n . Char. Perianth o f six leaves, deciduous, leaflets concave, the three interior ones inserted higher up. Stamens
six, very short. Anthers posterior, subsessile. Ovaries three to six, one-seeded. Styles short. Stigmas
adnate. Capsules three to six, without valves. S°e~e~dJs-- -e---- ‘
R adix perennis, fibrosa, fibris pallide fuscis, longis,
flexuosis.
Folia spithamæa et ultra, erecta, flexuosa, carnosa, line-
aria, semiteretia, superne paululum canaliculata,
inferne vaginantia ; Vaginæ compressas, submem-
branaceæ, superne prominulæ.
Scapus non raro pedalis, erectus, flexuosus, tereti-com-
pressus.
■Flores in racemum longum, laxum, gracilem, simpli-
cem, dispositi, exigui, pedunculati.
P e r ia n th ium hexaphyllum, foliolis duplice ordine al-
ternatim dispositis, ovatis, obtusis, valde concavis,
flavo-viridibus, dorsocarinatis; tribus interioribus
viridibus, erectis, appressis, reliquis subpaten-
tibus.
Stamin a sex, sub singulo petalo unum, et eo vix minus;
Filamenta nulla; Antheræ posticas, seu dorso
pistillo applicato, sessiles, basi petalorum insertæ,
flavæ, ovato-quadratæ, biloculares, loculis longi-
tudinaliter dehiscentibus ; Pollen minutum, sphæ-
ricum, flavurn.
P istillum oblongum, basi attenuatum, ex ovariis tribus
linearibus receptaculo communi * trilamellato
affixis.
Stigmata tria, sessilia, penicilliformia.
P e r ica r p ia , Capsulas tres in fructum angustum striatum
coadunatas, lineares, triquetras, basi seceden-
tes, attenuates, uniloculares, evalves.
Semen unicum, lineari-triquetrum, erectum, basi aifixum.
Root perennial, fibrous, the fibres pale brown, Ion«*,
flexuose.
Leaves a span and more in length, erect, flexuose, fleshy,
linear, semi-cylindrical, above slightly carinated,
below sheathing; ,Sheaths compressed, submem-
branaceous, above rather prominent.
Scape not unfrequently a foot high, erect, flexuose, between
round and compressed.
Flowers disposed in a long, lax, slender, simple raceme,
small, pedunculated.
P e r ia n t h o f six leaves, the leaves alternately disposed
in a double series, ovate, obtuse, very concave,
yellowish-green, carinated on- the back; the three
inner ones green, erect, appressed, the rest subpatent.
Stamens six, one under each petal, than which it is
scarcely smaller; Filaments none; Anthers posterior,
or having the back turned to the pistil,
sessile, inserted at the base of the petals, yellow,
ovato-quadrate, bilocular, the cells splitting longitudinally
; Pollen minute, spherical, yellow.
P is t il oblong, attenuated at the base, composed of three
linear ovaries which are affixed to the common
trilamellate receptacle.
Stigmas three, sessile, pencilled.
P erica rps , Capsules three, united so as to form a
narrow, striated fruit, linear, triquetrous, separating
a t the base, attenuated, one-celled, destitute
of valves.
Se e d one, linear and triquetrous, erect, affixed by the
base.
Fig. 1. Flower before the bursting of the anthers. Fig. 2. The same after the bursting o f the anthers. Fig. 3. Exterior
view of a petal including the anther, of which tbe back is seen. Fig. 4. Front view of an anther. Fi*. 5. Anther
burst open. Fig. 6. Pollen. Fig. 7. Pistil. Fig. 8. Section of a pistil, to show the ovaries and their
receptacle. Fig. 10 and 11. Fruits natural size. Fig. 12. Fruit magn. Fig. 13. Single capsule. Fig. 14. Capsule
cut open to show the seed —All but Fig. 10 and 11 more or less magnified.
Marshy places in almost every part of England produce this pretty plant in tolerable abundance. It flowers in
June, and in August or September the capsules are ripened, when they hang suspended by their upper part to the
------------eceptacle, while the lower and accumulated part has sprung away, so as to give the appearance of a
heads; whence our English name, and whence also the Latin a l Tff/f three and the point
or head of an arrow.
I have already adopted in this Flora the natural orders of Fluviales and Alismacea, which, together with the
Juncaginea (containing, besides Triglochin, Scheuchzeria) and the Butomea, form, according to Richard, a small
group of Monocotyledonea, distinguished from the rest by having seeds destitute of albumen and a superior
germen.
Cattle are said to be very fond of the Marsh Arrow-Glass.
>, quae forsaa totidem fuerint capsules abortiva: ct a vicinis suffocate ?” Gartner dt