PINGUICULA VULGARIS, COMMON BUTTERWORT.
PINGUICULA vulgaris} nectario conico recto longitudine corollee, labio superiore bilobo, inferiore tripartita,
scapo glabro. Decand.
PINGUICULA vulgaris. Ihm . Sp. PI. p. Huis. Ängl. p . 8. Light/. Scot. p. 76. With. Bat. A r r
ed. 4. mol. 2.p . 17. Hdffm. Germ. dpi. 1. P . t p . 11. Oed. Ban. t. 93. Willi. Sp. PI. m l 1.
A 110. Smith Ft. Bril. p. 27. Engl. Bet. t. 70. Decani. A Fr. e i.3 . vol.S .p. 57S. FI.
Gall. Syn. p. 230. Pers.Syn. P l.vo l. I. p . 17. Alton Hort. Kezo. ed. 2. vol. 1. p. 44. TVahl.
FI. Lapp. p . 10. .
PINGUICULA calcare floris longitudine. Hall. Helv. n. 292.
PINGUICULA Gesneri.. Butterwort, or Yorkshire Sanicle. Rail Syn. *p. 381.
Dan. Vibcfit. Dut. Smeerblad. Fr. Grassette. Germ. Das Fettkraut. It. Pinguicola. Norw. Sliimgrds.
Port. Grassetta. Span. Grassila. Swed. Totort.
Class an d Ord er . D IANDRIA MONOGYNiA;
[Natural Ord e r . LENTIBULARLE, Richard, B rm n . SCROPHULARLE, Juss. PERSONATE, Dedand.]
CHAR. Ord in is . Calyx divisus, persistens. Corolla monopetala, hypogyna, irregularis, calcarata, bilabiata. Stamina duo
inchisa, im® corolla» inserta. Antherce simplices, nunc medio constrictfe. Ovarium uniloculare. Stylus unus, brevis-
simus. Stigma bilabiatum. Capsula unilocularis, polysperma; placenta centrali magna. Semina parva, exalbuminosa
Embryo nunc mdivisiis.
Herba aquatic«, vel paludos®. Folia radicalia indivisa, vel Composita, radiciformia et vesiculifera. Scapi squamulis stipuli-
forraibus mmutis vel nullis* nunc vesiculis verticillatis, stepius indivisij uniflori, vel spicatim vel racemoso-multiflori. Flores
unibracteati vel ranus ebracteati. Br.)
Ge n . Ch a r . Corolla ringens, calcarata. Calyx bilabiatus, quinquefidus. Capsula monolocularis.
Ge n . Ch a r . Corolla ringent, spurred. Calyx bilabiate, five-cleft. Capsule of one cell.
Radix fibrosa, perennis.
Folia omnia radicalia, patentia, biunciam longa, per totara
superficiem glandulis crystallinis, minutissimis, viscidis
inspersa, oblongo-ovata, carnosa, pallide flavo-viridia,
planiuscula, marginibus involutis.
Scapi stepe plurimi ex eadem radice, digitales et ultra, erecti,
teretes, uniflori, superne purpurascentes, sub calycem
pilis gland uliferis, inferne pallidi.
Flores nutantes, violacei.
Calyx extus purpureus, glanduloso-hispidus, intus viridis,
bilabiatus, labiis patentibus, superiore bi- vel smpissime
tri-partito, segmentis ovatis, infeme bifido.
Corolla bilabiata, labio superiore* minore, bilobo, inferiore
trilobo, lobis bmnibus rotundatis integris. Faux pau-
luluta compressa, intus pilis numerosis, albidis, sub
lente clavatis, articulatis, articulis brevibus. Calcar
subulato-cylindricum, corolla subseque longum, rectum,
vel paululum curvatum.
Stamin a duo, alba; Filamenta brevia, curvata, crassiuscula;
Antheras rotundatas, albas, ad apicem transversiin ape-
rientes. Pollen pellucidom, subsphsericum.
Germen subrotundum, viride, piloso-glandulosum.
Stylus brevis, cylindraceus. Stigma bilabiatum, labiis valde
inasqualibus purpuro-casruleis, uno brevi-subulato, cur-
vato, altero magno, rotundato, curvato atque antheras
oblegente {Vide Fig, S, 4.)
Pericarpium : Capsula late ovata, acuta, unilocularis, apice
bivalvis.
Receptagulum centrale, subglobosum, breviter peduncu-
latum.
Semina numerosa, oblonga, punctata, fusca.
Albumen nullum.
Embryo semini conformis, albus, rectus. Cotyledones breves.
Radicula infera.
% 1. Calyx. Fig. 2. Corolla. Fig. 3. Flower from whic
10 la cut open. Fig. 6. Hairs from the interior of the cor
sule cut open vertically. Fig. 10. Capsule bursting. Fig.
- a l t more or less magnified..
Root fibrous, perennial.
Leaves all springing from the root, patent, two inches long,
interspersed over their whole surface with very minute'
viscid, crystalline glands; oblongo-ovate, fleshy, o f a
pale yellow-green, flattisb, the margins rolled inwards.
Scapes, often many arising from the same root, a finger’s
length and upwards, erect, rounded, one-flowered,
' purplish above, being furnished with glanduliferous
hairs beneath the calyx, pale below.
Flowers drooping,' purple.
Calyx purple without, rough with glands, green within, twolipped,
the lips patent, the superior one bi- or sometimes
tri-partite, segments ovate, beneath hispid.
Corolla two-lipped, the upper * lip the_smallest, two-lobed,
the lower lip three-lobed, all the lobes round, entire.
Orifice slightly compressed, furnished within with numerous
white hairs, under a microscope appearing club-
shaped, jointed ; the joints short. Spur subulato-cy-
lindrical, about the length of the corolla, erect, or
slightly curved.
Stamens two, white; Filaments short, curved, thickish. Anthers
rounded, white, opening transversely at the point.
Pollen pellucid, nearly spherical.
Ge rm en nearly round, green, with glanduliferous hairs.
Style short, cylindrical. Stigma two-lipped, the lips very
unequal, purplish-blue^ one shortly-subulate, curved,
the other large, rounded, curved, and covering the anthers.
(See Fig. 3, 4.)
P e r ica r p : Capsule broadly ovate, acute, one-celled, two-
valved at the apex.
Receptacle central, sub-globose, having a short footstalk.
Seeds numerous, oblong, dotted, brown.
Albumen none.
E mbryo of the same shape as the seed, white, straight. Cotyledons
short. Radicle inferior.
h the corolla has been removed. Fig. 4. Pistil. Fig. 5. Co-
olla. Fig. 7 . Stamen. Fig. 8. Pollen. Fig. 9. Youn<* cap-
'1. Seed. Fig. 12 . Seed cut transversely. Fig. 13 . Embryo
■ M B I s ( B “ > a™ “s ,“.n acc° ““‘ of ‘he process for making a peculiar kind of milk, called by the na-
“ d sometimes Satmiolk of this plantf. They take some fresh gathered leaves, which they call T s tg nm
£ V ■ m,° a “ ‘os or sieve, pouring through it some milk fresh drawn and warm from the rein-deer, which ilthen
listened , 1 ? ’ ° r 7 l “ l„U mV SO through the acetous fermentation, by which it acquires a degree o f tenacity and con-
fa d v™ n d. n0 0lhe™'lse„b= ob,am.ed- Tlle‘0 is no formation of whey, and scarcely any of cream; and it is ren-
t S S 10 r , T ‘ Br . Whf is VC7 M S B is- that i order ‘0 Procure a niw I S of this W M “ s
•ndthat f 8 § S eaVeS’ but °" 7 *° ,ake half aspoonful from that already formed, and in k it with the new milk-
fte sate 1 1 » ’% ' r y .fC ?“7 ? d ° n "'ith lhe !ama < * * * ad injnitum. Yet, in the Lapland Tour of
)w pm sS u 'ih Ut f t i , -he“ Ule ,,“ha!llta!Us “"'o Procure tins plant, they avail themselves of it for the whole I
; It ' g L due<! thl'°V§h the wwteu and using it as a kind o f rennet till the return of spring t .”
appear that with cows milk the leaves of the Butterwort v
«re tried by Mr. Hawke, as related by Withering.
f s p r in g j.’
: have the same effect; fro
ny infoims us, that the leaves cure recent wounds, and wheij “ mixed with butter,that the country people use them to heal
<s in the rows uHrler«.” ThoWnlel. _____ i._ . .............r < > . Sr 1 r
:athartic.
■" '!K CTOS’ “ddars; ” The Welsh, says Parkinson, make a syrup of the herkwhich^they
sheep, as it has been fully
«Waiued that th e s2 a itaLPwm not touch i t f “ “ “ U,e dUe“ e Ca"ed ,llc n t in sheeP’
C w i o 2 Sf°futhiS-gT S’ "ali,ves ° f Great Brifain’ -P- mlgarisiB by far the most common, being found
^i.n m°nlhS °f JU"S a"d JU'y- '
. t f e U I,° 3 .lh1,‘v"™ture “f ‘he eatremit, of the Scopus, in renlity, i„jPrior, being that which is nearest
» spud \v ... V * “ sea Tmtini.-ell:, nliis Sauatirfb, e.t Setis species apad Nov
deruum aneciei, ! •1““: . ? ”^ " '' "If “ i1" * “ "». qu« seqaenU »'«doyoaScitnrt Folia ao,
Piecipitatut
:he calyx.
-r-~ Novaccolas Lapponise, sed prseserrecentia
et nupe^Iect£^^tm impouuntur, quibas Inc mine,' i M < a S ïr a lto S s ' a d S i 'm S ? qa‘o a 3 S m f ’ S t S m ” p”
ilquii-it naturanf Pro ".ov.° Pro<:es.s'1 adhibere folia, sed modo cochlear dimidium prtecedentis lactis ut misceatur cum recenti, necesse est tic
ne minimum tamenndcncc^ereT/deTur*viqn T™ nac^ a™’ fermenti inslar, mutare valet; etiamsi in infinitum procederet hseccc mutatio’.ab
I.) deflectere videtur v.s ultima. S! minis dm adservatur tale lac, transit mora in serum Syra dictum. (Vide Linn. FI.
• t Binn. Lachesis Lapponica, by Smith, vol. i. p. 297.