ANCHUSA SEMPERV IREN S.
AT,KANET.
EVERGREEN
ANCHUSA sempervirens; pedunculis axillaribus diphvllis capitatis, foliis ovatis.
ANCHUSA sempervirens. lin n . Sp. PI. p. 192. Huds. Angl. p. 80. With. Bot. A rr. ed. 4. vol. 2.
p . 223. Willd. Sp. PI. vol. 1 . p.7 5 9 . Smith Fl. B rit. p. 215. Engl. Bot. t. 45. De-
cand. Fl. Fr. ed. 3. vol. 3. p . 633. FI. Gall. Syn. p. 240. Pers. Syn. P l. vol. 2. p. 159.
Aiton Hort. Kew. ed. 2. vol. 1 . p. 290.
BUGLOSSUM latifolium sempervirens. Dill, in Raii Syn. p . 227.'
Class a n d Ord e r . PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
[Natural Ord e r . BORRAGINEÆ, Juss. Decand. ASPERIFOLIÆ, Linn.']
Ge n . Ch a r. Corolla infundibuliformis, fauce clausa fornicibus. Nux basi insculpta.
Ge n . Cha r. Corolla funnel-shaped, with the orifice closed with valves. N u t hollowed out a t the base.
Radix perennis, crassa, hie illic fibrosa.
Caules bipedales, erecti, flexuosi, angulati, fistulosi,
scabri, foliosi..
Folia inferiora ovalia, utrinque attenuata, margine undu-
lata, infèriora longe petiolata, superiora ovata,
Sessilia, apice. acuminata, margine vix undulata;
omnia intense viridià, integerrima, venosa, mollia,
utrinque hispida.
P edun cu l i digitales et ultra, axillares, solitarii, graciles,
hispidi, apice diphylli, foliis oppositis.
Flores in capitulo parvo congesti.
Calyx quinquepartitus, laciniis linearibus obtusis, his-
pidis.
Corolla hypocrateriformis potius quam infundibulifor-
• mis, tubo perbrevi, limbo quinquelobo, lobisro-
tundis, intense cæruleis, basi macula oblonga vio-
, lacea. Faux clausa glandulis quinque, carnosis,
albis, margine sub lente pilosis.
Stamin a quinque, ad basin tubi inserta. Filamenta
bfevia, alba.
An th e ræ oblongæ, purpureæ. Pollen sphæricum, al-
. bid'um.
Ovarium quadripartitum, lobis rotundatis.
Stylus lineai'is. Stigma horizontale, bilobum.
Pe r ica r p ium . Nuculæ quatuor, ovatæ, nigro-fuscæ.
Testa glabra, lineis elevatis reticulata, sub lente
per totam superficiem punctulata, basi perforata.
Semin a solitaria, ovata, paululum compressa, fusco-
lùtescentia. Podospermum filiforme, adscen-
dens, prope medium seminis affixum.
Albumen nullum.
E mbryo ovatps, compressus, magnitudine seminis, inversus,
albidus.
Cotyledones magnæ, ovatæ, carnosæ, plano-convexæ.
Radicula brevis, supera.
Root perennial, thick, here and there fibrous.
Stalks two feet high, erect, flexuose, angular, fistulous,
rough, leafy.
L eaves, the lower ones oval, attenuated at each extremity,
the margins undulated, the lowest upon
long footstalks, the upper ones ovate, sessile, acuminated
a t the point, the margin scarcely undulated
; all of a deep green, entire, veiny, soft, and
hispid on each side.
P eduncles the length of a finger, sometimes longer,
axillary, solitary, slender, hispid, having two,
leaves at the extremity, the leaves opposite.
F lowers collected into small heads.
Calyx five-cleft, the segments linear, obtuse, hispid.
COROLLA hypocrateriform rather than infundibuliform,
tube very short, limb five-lobed, lobes round, of
a deep blue, having at the base an oblong violet
spot. ■ Throat closed with five fleshy, white glan-
• dules, margin under a microscope appearing
hairy.
Stamens five, inserted at the base of the tube. Filaments
short, white.
A n thers oblong, purple. Pollen spherical, white.
Ovary quadripartite, lobes found.
Sty l e linear. Stigma horizontal, two-lobed.
P e r ica r p . Nucules four, ovate, blackish-brown. Shell
glabrous, reticulated with elevated lines, the whole
surface appearing dotted under a magnifier, perforated
at the base.
Seeds solitary, ovate, a little compressed, of a brownish-
yellow colour. Seed-stalk filiform, ascending,
fixed near the middle of the seed.
Albumen none.
Embryo ovate, compressed, the same size as the seed,
inverse, white.
Cotyledons large, ovate, fleshy, plano-convex.
Rad icl e short, superior.
Fig. 1 . Calyx. Fig. 2. Corolla. Fig. 3. Portion o f the corolla to show the glands of the faux and the
insertion of the anthers. Fig. 4 . Back view of a gland. Fig. 5. Anther. Fig. 6. Pollen. Fig. 7. Pistillum.
Fig. 8. Nucules within the calyx (nat. size). .. Fig. 9■ Nucules with the calycine segments spread open.
Fig. 10. Single Nucule. Fig. 1 1 . Nucule cut open to show the seed and its stalk. F'ig. 1 2 . Interior view
of seed. Fig. 13. Embryo—all but Fig. 8. move or less magnified.
This plant, whose flower is of the most brilliant tint that can be imagined, is found by road-sides in various parts
of the kingdom; and, although we strongly suspect it to be no more than an outcast of the garden, has, by the length
of time which has elapsed since its first naturalization, put in a tolerably fair claim to be admitted into a British
Flora. Our specimens came from near Hadiscoe in Norfolk, and Walpole by Halesworth, Suffolk.
The name Anchusa is derived from uyxova-oe, paint, because one species of the genus, the A. tinctoria, which has
a red root, affords a dye that was formerly used for the face.
The radical leaves, which, are large, and remain on this plant throughout the winter, have given rise to the specific
name; but the spots whichLinnasus mentions as common upon the foliage, we have never seen. Withering suspects
that they are only to be found upon those individual leaves which have withstood the severity of the winter.
This plant is widely different from the only other species of the genus which is a native of Britain, and is not in
the least likely to be confounded with it. It flowers in June add-July,
f i