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JUNCUS ARCTICUS. NORTHERN HARD-RUSH.
JUNCUS arcticus; scapo Imvissimo, capitulis compactis subsessilibus lateralibus, perianthii foliolis
ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, rigidis, capsula obovato-elliptica, paululum brevioribus.
JUNCUS arcticus JViUd. Sp. PI. ml. 2. p . 206. Wahl. FI. Lapp. p . 79. Soensk. Bot. ml. 3.
t. 479- Decand. FI. Fr. ed. 3. ml. S .p. 165. Fl. Gall. Syn.p. 152. Gaud. Agrost. ml. 2.
P- 214. Meyer Monogr.p. 18. Hook. Fl. Scot. P . I. p . 104.
JUNCUS effusus, a. Linn. Sp. PI. p . 464. Fl. Dan. t. 1095.
JUNCUS culmo nudo acuminate ad basin squamato, floribus sessilibus. Linn. Lapp. n. 116.
C u s s a d d Ord e r . HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
[N aturae Ord e r . JUNCEÆ, Decand., Broom. JUNCI,
0m . Char. Penanthium sex-partitum, glumaceum. Capsula supers, trilocularis, trivalvis, valvis medio sep-
tiferis, semimferis : semma nomerosa. (Folia, si adsint, teretia, raro plana, glabra.) 1
Gen. Char. Perianth of six leaves, glumaceous. Capsule superior, three-celled, three-valved : the valves
S j l à t t e J S , “ rX o ra o ” lelr m'dd e ,t ° "h‘Ch the n“merous " * * are (Learn, if present, rounded,
Radix perennis, longe repens, horizontalis, livnosa,
crassiuscula, flexuosa, pallide fusca, hie illic
fibrosa.
Scapi numerosi, subpedales, erecti, teretes, lævissimi,
intense virides, basi squamis tribus vel quatuor,
vaginantibus, fuscis, cylindricis instructi, apice
acuminati, subpungentes.
Flores latérales, capitulati, capitulis plerumque sessilibus,
nunc breviter pedunculati, bracteati, capitulis
tri—quinquefloris.
BKACTE2E sub singulo pedunculo et pedicello solitariæ,
ovatæ, membranaceæ, rufo-fuscæ ; florales binæ,
approximate, perianthio dimidio breviores.
Pebianthium profunde sex-partitum, segmentis vel foliolis
ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, intense purpureo-
fuscis, nitidis, margine diaphano, tribus exterio-
nbus linea media dorsali viridi notatis.
Stamina sex, perianthio breviora. Antheræ flavæ, ob-
longæ.
Pistilldm : Germen ovatum, rotundatum, viride. Stylus
breviusculus. Stigmata tria, flava, spiraliter
torta.
Capsula obovato-elliptica, intense fusca, nitida, breviter
mucronata, perianthio paulo longior.
SEMINA numerosa, obovata, glabra, fusca, minutissima,
punctulata, punctis lineatim dispositis, apice intense
fusca.
% ff Sm^.1 head of flowers, with its bracteas. Fig. 2
Fig. 4. Capsule burst, and showing its seeds.
Root perennial, creeping for a considerable length, ho-
rizontal, woody, rather thick, flexuose, pale brown,
here and there throwing out fibres.
Scapes numerous, about a foot high, erect, rounded,
quite smooth, dark green, furnished a t the bases
with three or four sheathing, cylindrical, brown
scales, acumiuated and almost prickly at the
points.
F lowers lateral, in heads, the heads generally sessile;
sometimes upon short footstalks, bracteated the
heads three- to five-flowered.
Bracteas solitary under each peduncle and pedicel,
ovate, membranaceous, reddish brown; the floral
ones in pairs, approximate, half as long as
the perianth. 6
P e r ia n t h deeply six-partite, the segments or leaflets
ovato-lanceolate, acute, o f a. deep red brown,
shining, diaphanous at the margins, the three external
ones marked with a green line on the
middle of the back.
Stamens six, shorter than the perianth. Anthers
yellow, oblong.
P is t il : Germen ovate, rounded, green. Style rather
short. Stigmas three, yellow, spirally twisted.
Capsule obovato-elliptic, deep brown, shining, shortly
mucronated, rather exceeding the perianth in
length.
Seeds numerous, obovate, smooth, brown, very minute,*
marked with fine dots which are set in a line, the
apex deep brown.
!. Single flower. Fig. 3. Small cluster of ripe capsules.
Fig. 5-. Seeds:—all more or less magnified.
is. that " « ■ I have already given in the Flora Seo-
Nuraery. Of the identity of Hffl , i . mf whlch Place 11 was discovered by Mr. Drummond of the Forfar
be no doubt. It accords fn X.™ nP ,? 1 ’ Hi? t.rae/ “ North of Europe, there can, I think,
the figure in M m D a n ie l. .„T f artlcular © tbe descriptions of that plant in Willdenow and Wahlenberg, and
" « l 1 have com p aran d t a d t ^ o f n ^ * * °f * ' snl* shonld'ta ‘If- Sped“ - "',hic'1 ev“ in ,LaPland ascends upon the mountains to the verge of
u | .u l1101 e southern regions be found in a low valley near the sea, and there in great ahnndnnr'f*
Je Mackenzie discovered the Juncus arcticus in Iceland. a, ana mere m great abundance.
[eternal.
Sir Geoi'j