BARTSIA ALPINA. ALPINE BARTSIA.
BARTSIA alpina; foliis oppositis ovato-cordatis obtuse serratis.
BARTSIA alpina. Linn. Sp. L i p . 839. Hud s.An g lp .Q 6 7 . With. Bot. Arr. ed. 4. m l 3. 1) 5 3 ]
O ed .F l Dan. t. 43. Wahl Lapp. p . 164. Smith FI. Brit. p . 647. E n g l Bot. t. 3 6 1
Hqffm. Germ.ed. 2. ml. I: P . I I .p . 18. Decand. FI Fr. ed. 3. m l 3. p. 476. Fl Gall
Spi p . 212. Pers. Syn. PI. ml. 2.p . 150. WML Sp. PI. ml. 3 .p . 5 3 1. Alton Hort. K m .
ed. 2. m l 4. p. 2.
STAEHELINIA foliis cordatis, araplexicaulibus serratis, floralibus coloratis. Hall. Helv. n. 312.
EUPHRASIA rubra W estmorelandica, foliis brevibus obtusis. Eye-bright. Cow-wheat with short blunt
leaves. Ran Syn. p . 285*.
Fr. Coeréte des Alpes. Swed. Borgshalle.
Class a nd Ord e r . DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
[N atural Ord er. RHINANTHACEÆ, Decand. PEDICULARES, Juss.-]
Gen . Char. Calyx quadnlobus,subcoloratus. Corollaringens, fauce clausa: labiumsuperius concavum,longius*
injerius jequaliter tnfidum, reflexum. Capsula ovata, compressa, bilocularis. Semina plurinia, angulata. Sm. ’
Gen . Ch a r . Calyx four-lobed, somewhat coloured. Corolla ringent, closed at the orifice: upper lip concave,
the longest; lower one equally trifid, reflexed, Capsule ovale, compressed, two-celled. Seeds many, angled. Sm.
Radix perennis, repens, hie illic fibras emittens.
Caulis erectus, simplex, flexuosus, spithamæus ad do-
drantalem, quadrangularis, purpurascens, pilis brevibus
scabriusculus.
Folia opposita, subdistantia, ovato-cordata, rugosa,
glabriuscula, obtuse serrata, obscure viridia, su-
periora, seu bracteæ, minora, violacea.
Spica brevis, terminalis, purpureo-violacea, foliosa.
Calyx viridi-fuscus, hirsutus, viscidus, laciniis subæqua-
libus.
CoroLlA calyce triplo longior, intense purpureo-violacea,
claviformis, curvula, longitudinaliter striata,
glanduloso-hirsuta, labiis longitudine subæquali-
bus clâusis, labio superiore fomicato, integro,
margine centro depresso, potius quam emargi-
nato ; labio inferiore trilobo, lobis ovatis, æqua- i
libus, integerrimis, vix reflexis.
Stamina : Filamenta quatuor, quorum duo longiora, gla-
<‘bra, purpurascentia : Antheræ bilobæ, fuscoe, longitudinaliter
déhiscentes, margine præcipue in-
signiter pilosa, seu barbata, subtus acuminata.
Ovarium ovatum, hirsutum, basi hinc glandulosa.
Stylus longus, filiformis, curvatus, inferne hirsutus.
Stigma globosum.
P ericarpium : Capsula oblongo-acuminata, viridi-
fusca, subcompressa, bilocularis, bivalvis. Disse-
pimentum valvis contrarium, bipartibile. Recep-
taculum centrale, dissepimen to utrinque adnatum.
Semina numerosa, pallide fusco-lutescentia, ovato-tri-
quetra, dorso convexo lamellato.
I ntegumentum membranaceum, laxum.
Albumen semini conforme, carnosum, album.
Embryo albumine duplo minor, oblongus, compressus,
rectus. Cotyledones plano-convexæ. Radicula
umbilicum spectans.
Root perennial, creeping, throwing out here and there
fibres.
Stem erect, simple, flexuose, in height from a span to
twelve inches, quadrangular, purplish* rough with
short hairs.
Leaves opposite, rather distant, ovato-cordate, rugose,
smoothish, bluntly serrated, of a dull green, the
upper ones, or bracteas, smaller, and violet-co-
loured.
Sp ik e short, terminal, of a purplish violet Colour, leafy.
Calyx greenish brown, hairy, viscid, the segments
nearly equal.
Corolla three times the length o f the calyx, of a deep
purplish violet colour, claviform, a little curved,
longitudinally striated, hirsute with glands, with
the lips nearly equal in length and closed, having
the superior lip vaulted, entire, depressed in the
centre o f the margin, rather than emarginate; the
lower lip tbree-lobed, the lobes ovate, equal, en-
# tire, scarcely reflexed.
Stamens : Filaments four, of which two are longer than
the rest, smooth, purplish* Anthers two-lobed,
brown, opening longitudinally, the margin espe- ,
cially very pilose, or bearded, acuminated below.
Ovary ovate, hairy, the base somewhat glandulpse.
Style long, filiform, curved, hairy below. Stigma
.globose.
Pe r ic a r p : Capsule oblong acuminated, of a greenish
brown, somewhat compressed, two-celled, two-
valved. Dissepiment contrary to the valves, at
length divided. Receptacle central, fixed to each
side of the dissepiment.
Seeds numerous, pale yellowish-brown, between ovate
and triquetrous, convex on the back and lamel-
lated.
I ntegument membranaceous, loose;
Albumen of the same shape as the seed, fleshy, white.
Embryo half the size o f the albumen, oblong, compressed,
straight. Cotyledons plano-convex. Radicle
looking towards the umbilicus. *
Ftg. 1 . Flower. Fig. 2 . Corolla cut open to show the anthers. Fig. 3. Anther, front view of. Fig. 4. Anther seen
irom behind. Fig. 5. Ovary. Fig. 6. Ovary cut open transversely. Fig. 7. Capsule in the calyx. Fig. 8. Capsule
removed from the calyx. Fig. 9. Capsule opened longitudinally to show the seeds. Fig. 10. Capsule
opened longitudinally to show the receptacle, the seeds being removed. Fig. 1 1 . Seed. Fig. 1 2 . Seed cut
transversely. Fig. 13. Seed with the integument. Fig. 14. Albumen cut open to show the embrvo..—all more
or less magnified, except fig. 7 and 8.
It is only those who have the good fortune to see this'plant in its native places o f growth, that can form any idea
1 i hi ^ ’j • the vlvld Pul'Ple colour of its flowers and floral leaves as well as the whole foliage turn singu-
dl7 lng- r We have gathered it in great abundance and perfection near Middleton in Teesdale, both
on the Durham and Yorkshire sides of the river, particularly near the chain bridge at Wynch; and it is from this
romantic country that the specimen here figured was sent by the Rev. Mr. Dalton,' about the middle of last June.
T <jaSH i ? R *y s tline near Orton in Westmoreland:—and these are the only stations given for it in England,
land* TT * uCUi? Ml'- Dickson has found 5t among rocks to the east of Malghyrdy, in the highlands of Scot-
g S g ii (UP0n the highest mountains of Switzerland and Savoy it is not uncommon; it is also abundant and
K ^ C t L CS r C a eS,Ze “ Iceland; and Wah,enber§ even gives it as an inhabitant of Lapland, flourishing
7 w L 0' lg© 0f-the “ame °i‘‘his.genus is thus given by Linnajus (Fl. Suec. p. 211.) “ Bartsiam dixi a Johanne
„ °' eg'mnontano, JVTedicin® Doctore, juvene pulcherrimo, candidissimo et certe doctissimo, ac nationis
ardmv»0;nfi16,11 L° Conf'acta pem viro juvene intima amicitia inBelgio, eum inexstinguibili plantarum insectorumque
qimppi«.-1 G?6 1a|M’ ?deo ut in rimando minutissimas plantarum partes easdemque acutissime describendo paucos
Divus B •; *t- Vaeu° munere Medici oi:dina™ SocietaUs Belgic® Indiee Occidentalis, Surinami, me elegit
Beatns V\r l^ay ius ’ cum auteui recusarem torridas inhabitare zonas, sub arctoo ipse natus et educatus, concessit
a me mm a j10.C munus vocare quemeunque vellem; arrisit hoc amicissimo Bartschio, qui plantarum sola caussa,
odio et I M M apud ^eerhaavium, recipitur, et Surinamas petit; ubi nescio quo Gubernatoris Surinamensis
alius rliamcc;13’ JPS1 omnia ad versa, hinc tosdio, pauperie, cestu, post dimidium annum obiit, meliori fato, si quis
refo..; mU?‘ . ua is ®rat hie vir, docet dissertatio de calore, docebunt forte aliquando litteraj ad me Surinamo
misste, releitas plantarum observationibus curiosissimis.,,
8? * Vide Transactions of the Linncan Society, vol. 2. p. 290.