GALEOPSIS TETRAHIT. COMMON HEMP-NETTLE.
GALEOPSIS Tetrahit; caule hispido; internodiis superne incrassatis, corolla galea ovata rectiuscula
integerrima.
Arr. ed. 4. vol. 3. p . 518. Fl. Dan. t. 1271. Hoffm. Germ. ed. 2. vol. if P . II. p .9 .
Willd. Sp. P l. ml. 3. p. 92. Smith Fl. B rit. p. 629. Engl. Bot. t. 207. Decand. Fl.
Fr. ed. 4. vol. 3. p. 544. Fl. Gall. Syn. p. 224. Pers. Syn. PI. vol. 2. p. 122. A it Hort
Kew. ed. 2. vol. 3. p. 395. Wahl. Fl. Lapp. p. 163. Pursk Fl. Amer. Sept. vol. 2. ». 407."
Hook. Fl. Scot. P . l . p. 132. •#
GALEOPSIS Tetrahit. Linn. Sp. PL p. 810. Huds. Angl. p. 2,57. L ig h tf Scot. o. S 10. With. Bot.
GALEOPSIS caule hirto, foliis ovato-lanceolatis serratis. Hall. Helv. n. 268.
LAMIUM cannabino folio, vulgare. Nettle-Hemp, or rather Hemp-leaved Dead-Nettle. RaiiSyn.p. 240.
Class and Order. DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.
[Natural Order. LABIATÆ, Juss., Decand., Hook.]
Gen Char. Calyx quinquefidus, aristatus. Corolla labium superius sub-crenatum, fornicatum ; inferius supra
bidentatum.
Gen. Char. Calyx five-cleft, aristate. Upper lip of the corolla slightly crenate, arched ; lower
4 teeth on the upper side. ■ with two
Radix fibrosa, annua.
Caulis pedalis vel bipedalis, erectus, tetragonus, viridis,
internodiis superne incrassatus, pilis deflexis
articulatis nunc nigro-glandulosis hispidus, simplex
vel ramosus, ramis oppositis axillaribus. "
Folia opposita, petiolata, ovata, breviter acuminata,
grosse serrata, utrinque, sed subtus præcipue,
pilis mollibus sériceis vestita.
Flores pallide-purpurei vel albi, capitati verticillati-
que, verticillis versus apicem caulis ramorum-
que approximatis.
Calyx tubulosus, hispidus, pilis articulatis,' hie illic
glandulo nigro terminatis, quinquedentatus, den-
tibus longis, attenuatis, aculeato-pungentibus.
Corolla calyce d u p le triplove longior ; tubo longo,
gracili-, sursum incrassato, piloso; labio supe-
riore ovato erectiusculo longe piloso, parum con-
cavo, margine integerrimo ; inferiore deflexo,
basi bidentato, apice trilobo, lobis lateralibus
paululum minoribus, undulatis vel strictis, inter-
medio lineis purpureis eleganter picto, nunc immaculate,
omnibus retusis.
Stamina quatuor, didynama ; Filamenta apice incras-
sata ; Antheræ didymæ, virescentes, vertical iter
déhiscentes, bilabiatæ, ciliatæ ; Pollen flavum.
uERmen profunde quadrilobum ; Stylus staminibus
subæque longus ; Stigma bifidum.
rig. 1. Plant of the Galeopsis Tetrahit, with purple flow«
natural size). Fig. 3. Single purple flower. Fig. 4
p - 6- White-flowered variety. Fig. 7. Segment o f t
p . 10. Side view of an anther, together with the uppe
Jfig. 12. One of the lobes of the anther :—all but Jigs.
Root fibrous, annual.
Stem from one to two feet high, erect, square, green,
thickened above between the joints, hispid with
articulated deflexed hairs which are sometimes
terminated by black glands, simple or branched,
with the branches opposite and axillary.
L eaves opposite, peciolate, ovate, shortly acuminate,
widely serrated, every where, but chiefly beneath,
clothed with soft silky hairs.
Flowers pale-purple or white, growing in heads and
whorls, the whorls crowded together upon the
summits of the stem and branches.
Calyx tubular, hairy, the hairs jointed, sometimes terminated
with a black gland, five-toothed, the teeth
long, attenuated into a sharp and pungent point.
Corolla twice or thrice as long as the calyx; its tube
long, slender, thickened above, hairy; the upper
lip ovate, uearly erect, with long hairs, a little
concave, its margin quite entire; the lower lip
deflexed, at the base bidentate, at the extremity
three-lobed, the lateral lobes rather the smallest,
waved or straight, the intermediate one elegantly
marked with purple lines, sometimes spotless, all
Stamens four, didynamous; Filaments thickened at
the point; Anthers didymous, greenish, splitting
vertically, bilabiate, ciliated ; Pollen yellow.
G ermen deeply four-lobed; Style hardly so long as
the sta'mens; Stigma bifid.
rs. Fig. 2. Head of blossoms, of the same colour (both
Corolla of the same. Fig. 5. Hair from the same.
be calyx. Fig. 8. Hair of the same. Fig. 9. Germen.
r part of the filament. Fig. 1 1 . Front view of an anther.
1. and 2. more or less magnified.
commo^h^*6 bo.*anists are frequently at a loss to find words which shall distinguish two plants that the most
i H i M i a °.nce Pronounce to be strongly marked individuals, and as such deserving, to rank as two
When Z r : : 1S . B case . the Present Plant a°d § e Galeopsis versicolor already figured in this work,
and the hiffhEmric61* t0§etber> as tbey commonly do in corn-fields in England, and especially in Scotland
thaAeem f S * -hat ,they aPPear different enough; but when compared by the eye of a botanist,
' v h i d S s S g and '.‘he colour of their flowers, to be the same. Even the relative length of the corolla,
discover in th« r" / 6 • ^ lmP?rtant point of discrimination, I do not find to be constant. As far as I can
G. versicolor i t Tetuih,t the 11PPC1 HP is always nearly erect, narrower and flatter, whereas in the
The M S M bl0ader> ™°re convex, and bends down more over the tube of the corolla,
dish-purple tovenll!!6 V!? °f G ' ^ trah,t liable l.° great variation, particularly in colour, changing from red-
™°re or less distorted ^itsT^ bes1116 * and in tbe wb‘te var>ety, the lower lip may be observed to be frequently
glands ;1t^thTcohrolkofrr a « ^ f -th/ St? v ,and. 0n, tbe calyx are in both species terminated with black shining
The older botanists t e n t n H B 1 llkew,se find the same §lands t0 exist* but «»t so in G. Tetrahit. 8
and his opinion on n i t uPon ^ e two species as vaneties of each other. Mr. Curtis first separated them,
corn-fields nnd n “ P01! 1,566"13 t0 havE boen universally assented to. G. Tetrahit abounds in sandy or «ruvellv
Sir J ’ r nQow.ers in “l y and August. . - 8 3
cleft and'salver shanld ° f a 7 ariety ° f this Plant which H »«iver-snaped corolla, and four equal stamens. found at Mortlock, which has a regularlJy four-