o f th e s tem ; th e up p e r one, o r lobule*, is smaller by one h a lf: th ey a re bo th o f a
roundish figure, sometimes a little pointed, slightly waved o r u n d u la ted , th e ma rgins
en tire , or a t most obscurely c rena te in a few o f th e te rm in a l ones. The texture is, for
so la rg e a p lan t, peculiarly th in and delicate ; th e reticulation small, composed o f
roundisli cellules. Tlie color varies from its most usual appeai-ance o f da rk and d ull g re en,
with o flen a purplish tin g e , to deep purple, and even almost to black.
T h e Perigonial Leaves (f. f. 4. 9) are scarcely distinguishable from th e common cauline
ones, except th a t they a re more crowded and imbric a ted ; th e ir base, too, is somewhat
v en ti icose. TJiey are situ a ted a t o r n e a r th e extrem ity o f a stem.
Pericheetial Leaves (f. 6) somewhat la rg e r tlian th e re st, which th ey in o th e r re spe c ts
resemble, an d a re , like th em , e ith e r en tire , o r slightly c renate ; b u t so slightly as to b e
visible only with a microscope.
M ale F r u c t if ic a t io n (f, 9 ) s it u a te d in th e a x illæ o f th e p e r ig o n i a l le av e s . Anthers ( f. 1 0 )
sm a ll, in c lu s te r s o f f rom th r e e t o fiv e o r s ix , e a c h o f th em o v a te , p e llu c id , f a in t ly r e t i c u la te d ,
fille d w ith a g r e e n is h p o lle n ; th e fo o ts ta lk som ew lia t lo n g e r t h a n th e a n th e r , w h ite , p e llu c id ,
a n d tran sv e i-s e ly jo in t e d .
F em .a le F r u c t i f i c a t i o n ( f. f 2 . 3 . 6) t e n n i n a l u p o n th e s tem s a n d la r g e r b r a n c h e s .
Calyx (f. 6) a b o u t two lines lo n g ; its base is nan 'ow , a tten u a ted , and cylindrical, th en c e
i t becomes broade r, comjiressed and incuived tow'ards th e m o u th , which is tnm c a te and
entire . As tlie fructification advances, th e calyx becomes nearly erect. In color i t
resembles th e leaves. I ts substance is less delicate.
Calyptra obloug, somewhat pyriform, with a sh o rt tubulai- style, a n d a few barren pistilla
a t its base.
Peduncle h a lf a n inch long, white , shining, cellulose, o ften hav in g a tw isted appearance,
tcn n in a te d by th e ovato-oblong
Capsule o f a deep brown o r chocolate color, which splits in to four equal, nearly lanceolate
valves.
Seeds and Spiral Filaments ( f . 7 ) m u c h r e s em b l in g th o s e o f J . nemorosa ; b u t th e f ilam e n ts
a r e s c a r c e ly so m u c h le n g th e n e d . '
U pon th e sum m it o f Ben Nevis, in th e m onth o f Ju ly , I found Gemmæ (f. f. 12 . 1 4 ) upo n
th is species, collected to g e th e r in ovate masses, one or two o f w hich w ere situ a ted in th e te rm in a l
clu ste r o f leaves : th e ir color was a pale yellow gre en ; each pa rtic le was obloogo-ovate, pellucid,
aud entire ly free from angles.
Va illant's description and figure, above quoted, a re so imperfect, th a t, as D r. Sm ith ju s tly
observes, th ey c an n o t w ith c e rta in ty be I'efeiTed to any th in g . His account o f th e gemmæ,
* Some of the terminal leaves, as is remarked by Dillenius, have the upper lobe nearly of the same size as the under
one ; but this appears to me to apply only to such as have not reached their full size, and are almost concealed by the
older surrounding ones.
howeA'er, which a re evidently wh a t he took for th e seeds, very exactly correspond with those
o f o u r p lant. After speaking o f th e leaves, lie says, “ L’ex trem ité de ces feuilles forme ties
especés de rosettes, dans le milieu des quelles se voyent de p e tits gi-ains jau n â tre s e t tran sp a ren ts ,
q ui selon toutes les apparences sont les semences de c e tte plan te .” Dillenius has so well describe;!'
th e s tm c tu r e o f th e leaves o f th is species, th a t I shall he re quote his words ; “ Aquæ immersa
obsoletè ex fusco vfridia folia su n t pellucida, superiora versus majora, infe riora vei'sus minoi'a,
subvotunda, suprk convexa, in frà concava, e duabus laminis ad basin u n itis e t complicatis
composita, lam in à min o ri superiori, seu ipsi pinnæ imposità. E a porro differentia obsevvatur,
quod extrema folia e laciniis penè æqualibus constent. Quoniam folia satis la ta -sunt, hæc-
folioruin s tm c tu r a facilè pcrc ip itu r, ñeque A'cro absimile, sequentium specicrum (J . nernorosæ
resupinatæ et albicantis), folia s imilitè r form a ta esse, licct ob ex iguita tem non ta ra facilè distiu-
g u a n tu r. Pinnæ pe r lentem non c renatæ apparent-”
Th e e re c t mode o f g rowth, much la rg e r size o f the p lan t, and th e smallness o f th e lobes compared
w itli th e leaves, ai'e marks by which J . undulata may always be known from J . resupinata ;
while th e entire margins o f th e leaves and m outh o f th e calyx, as well as tlie more delicate
s tm c tu r e and un d u la ted appearance o f th e former (which is particula rly th e case when th e p lan t
is di'y), will equally distinguish i t from J . nemorosa. T h e gemmæ also differ both in color aiitl
situa tion.
Pollich remarks, th a t th e b a rren surculi o f th is p lan t produce a t th e ir apices “'glóbulos
nigric ante s, pusillos, sex a u t septem, etiam plures, sessiles,” H-liich accord ra th e r w ith th e gemmæ
o f J . nemorosa th a n with those th a t I have seen o f J . undulata..
R E F E R E N C E S T O T H E P L A T E .
J . undulata, male p la n ts, natural size.
Female p la n is, natural size.
Female p la n t, magnified .................................................................................................... 6
E x tremity o f a male p la n t ............................................................................................... 6
Portion o f a stem with its lea v e s..................................................................................... 4
E x tremity o f a fem a le p l a n t ............................................................................................... 5
Seeds and spiral filam e n ts .................................................................................................... 1
Perigonial l e a f ....................................................................................................................... 3
PerigoniaX leaf, with the lobule e.vpanded fo r the purpose o f exhibiting the-.
situation o f the anthers ....................................................................................... / ^
Anthers ................................................................................................................................. 1
GemmaceoMi pla n ts o f J . undulata, natural size.
Geiiimficeows pla n t magnified .......................................................................................... G
Mass o f gemmæ, removed fr om the p la n t ...................................... 4
Gemmæ 2 and I