Pcrigonial
leaves.
Perichælittl
leaves.
S om e tim e s th e r e la tiv e siz e o f th e c e llu le s will a ffo rd , in th e a b s e n c e o f th e f n ic ti-
fic a tio n , to le r a b ly g o o d sp e c ific m a rk s o f d is c rim in a tio n . T h u s , in J . T a y lo r i th e y a re
v e ry l a r g e ; in J . scalaris m u c h sm a lle r ; a n d in J . S p h a g n i m in u t e ; y e t th e fo rm o f th e
le a v e s , in a ll th r e e , is n e a r ly th e sam e . W h e n th e le a v e s o f th e J u n g e rm a n n i® h a v e b e en
d r ie d , a n d a r c r e c o v e r e d b y im m e rs io n in w a te r , th e c e llu le s a r e d a rk in th e c e n tr e , a n d
h a v e a p e llu c id b o rd e r a ro u n d t h e m ; a c ir c um s ta n c e w h ich a ris e s from th e collapsLon o f
th e ju ic e s , a n d a c cum u la tio n o f th e g r a n u le s , in th e m id d le o f th e c e ll. J u s t th e sam e
ta k e s p la c e in th e Conferva:, b e tw e e n th e s t r u c tu r e o f w h ich , a n d th a t o f th e J u n g e rm a n n i® ,
th e r e s e em s to b e a c lo se a n a lo g y .
T h e le a v e s o f a ll th e sp e c ie s a r c d e s titu te o f e v e ry k in d o f h a ir in e s s o r sc a b ro s ity .
I n o ne o f th e fro n d o s e sp e c ie s , J . pubescens (tab . 7 3 ), th e s u r f a c e o f th e p la n t, b o th above
a n d b e low , is c o v e re d w ith w h ite , p e llu c id h a irs .
I n a v a r ie ty o f J . ham a tifcU a , I h a v e se e n th e c e llu le s v e ry p rom in e n t a n d p o in te d ,
so a s to g iv e th e a p p e a r a n c e o f a c u r io u s ly tu b e r c u la te d l e a f (S e e S u p p l. ta b . 3 ). I n a ll
th e o th e r sp e c ie s th e s u rfa c e is sm o o th ; a n d ev en s h in in g in J . S p h a g n i, J . h y a lin a , a n d
J- IcEvigata.
N o r is th e r e a n y th in g w h ich p re c is e ly a c c o rd s w ith th e n e rv e o f M o s s e s in th e le a v e s
o f th e s e p la n ts . T h e a p p e a ra n c e o f a n e rv e in J . albicans (ta b . 1 5 ), is o n ly c a u s e d by
th e d if f e re n t fo rm o f th e c e llu le s , n a r ro w e r a n d lo n g e r th a n th e r e s t ; b u t th e y a r e n o t
p r om in e n t o n e ith e r su rfa c e , lik e th e n e rv e s o f M o s s e s . J . p ro s tra ta , o f S w a r t z ’s
FI. In d . Occ., h a s a n e rv e r e s em b lin g th a t o f J . albicans.
T h e p e rig o n ia l leaves, o r th o s e w h ich co n ta in th e anthe rs, in g e n e r a l diffe r b u t little
from th e r e s t , e x c e p t in b e in g m o re c lo s e ly im b r ic a te d , a n d in h a v in g a sw e llin g a t th e
b a s e w h e r e th e a n th e r s a r e lo d g e d , a s in J . asp kn io id e s (ta b . 13). F r e q u e n t ly th e s e a r e
w a n tin g . I n som e o f th e f ro n d o s e sp e c ie s , a s J . L y e il i i ( ta b . 7 7 ) a n d J . hibernica (tab . 7 8 ),
th e p e r ig o n ium is a s c a le re s em b lin g a s tip u le in th e fo lia c eo u s s p e c ie s ; a n d , in J .fu r c a ta
( ta b . 5 5 ) a n d J . pubescens (ta b . 7 3 ) , th e a n th e r s a r e in c lo s e d w ith in a n in n o v a tio n o f th e
f ro n d , w h ic h is ro lle d u p in to a b a ll.
T lx e p e r k h a t ia l leaves, o r th o s e w h ich s u r ro u n d th e c a ly x , d iffe r in g e n e r a l m u c h m o r e
f rom th e c a u lin e o ne s. E v e n in th e b ifa rio u s sp e c ie s th e y f r e q u e n tly g row f rom all sid e s
o f th e s tem , a s in J . ca p ita ta ( ta b . 80) a n d J- em a rg in a ta (ta b . 2 7 ). T h e y a r e w h o lly
w a n tin g in J . Trichomanis (ta b . 7 9 ): a n d , in J- o b tu s fo lia (ta b . 2 6 ) , J . nemorosa (ta b . 2 1 ) , &c.,
th e y s c a rc e ly diffe r from th e r e s t. I n J - H o o k e r i (la b . 54) a n d J . concinnata (tab . 3 ) th e y
a r e v e ry conbave , a n d e n tire ly em b ra c e th e y o u n g fru c tific a tio n , s e em in g to a n sw e r th e
p u rp o s e o f a c a ly x . I n J . j u n ip e r in a (tab . 4 ), J . em a rg in a ta ( ta b . 2 7 ) , a n d J . scalaris,
( ta b . 6 ) , th e y a r e u n ite d a t th e i r l a t e r a l m a rg in s , a n d a p p e a r a lm o s t c o n v e r te d in to a c a ly x .
I n m a n y s p e c ie s tliey a r e m o r e c le f t th a n th e c a u lin e le a v e s ; a s fo r e x am p le , in J . T u rn e r i
(ta b . 2 9 ) a n d J . excisa ( ta b . 9 ). I n J . connivens ( ta b . 15) a n d J . setacea (tab . 8 ) th e y a r e
p a lm a te . I n J . p o lya n th o s (tab . 6 2 ), J. S p h a g n i {S u p p l. ta b . 3 3 ) , J . reptans (ta b . 7 5 ) , a n d
J . trilo b a ta ( ta b . 7 6 ), th e y r e s em b le sm a ll s c a l e s ; a n d in J. d ila ta ta , J . T amarisc i, J . M a c k a ii,
J . s e T p y llifo lia ,j. h am a tifo lia , a n d J . m in u tissim a (ta b . 5 , 6 , 5 3 , 4 2 , 5 1 , 5 2 ), th e lo b e s o f th e s e
a r e l a r g e a n d e x p a n d e d , w h ich , in th e r e s t o f th e le a v e s , a r c sm a ll a n d in v o lu te , o r s a c c a te .
S T I P U L E S .
B e s id e s th e le a v e s ju s t d e s c rib e d , th e s tem s o f m a n y sp e c ie s o f Ju n g e rm a n n i® a r e Stipule»,
fu rn is h e d w ith sm a ll s c a le s o r folia c eous p ro c e s s e s , wh ich , b y m o s t a u th o r s , a r e d e n om in a te d
s tip u le s . T h e s e , in e v e ry in s ta n c e , a r e p r o d u c e d on th e low e r s id e o f th e p la n t, w lie th e r
th e lo av e s a r e im b ric a te d o n th e su p e r io r o r in fe rio r su rfa c e . W h e r e th e y e x i s t a t a ll
th e y a r c g e n e r a lly fo u n d th ro u g h o u t th e w h o le le n g th o f th e p la n t, p la c e d a t e q u a l
d is ta n c e s , o ne b e tw e e n e a ch p a ir o f l e a v e s ; y e t in J . compressa a n d J . S p h a g n i th e y appeal-
o n ly on th e y o u n g e r sh o o ts ; a n d in J- scalaris, J . T a y lo r i, a n d J . anomala, th e y a re w ith
difficu lty to b e d is c o v e r e d . T h e y a r e w id e ly su b u la te in th e th r e e la s t-m e n tio n e d sp e c ie s :
o v a te a n d e n tir e in J. albescens (tab. 72) : o f th e s am e sh a p e , a n d to o th e d o r la c in ia te in
J . B la s ia , J . stipidacea (tab. 4 1 ), a n d J . v iticulosa: lig u la te in J . Icevigata a n d J . p la ty p h y lla :
bifid a n d e n tir e in J- Francisci (tab. 4 9 ), J- cune ifolia, J- p o lyanthos, J . m in u tissim a , J . h am a tifo
lia , & c .: b ifid a n d la c in ia te in J Woodsii, J . barhata, J . he te rophy lla (ta b . 3 1 ), and
J . b id e n ta ta : fo u r o r fiv e to o th e d o r lo b e d , w ith th e lo b e s e n tir e in J . reptans (tab. 75)
a n d J . tr ilo b a ta (tab. 76) : lo b e d a n d c ilia te d in J . c ilia ris: q u a d r a te a n d fin e ly la c in ia te in
J . tom ente lla (tab. 3 6 ). T h e i r m a rg in s a r e m o s tly p la n e , b u t r e c u rv e d in J .p la ty p h y t ta
a n d J . T amarisci.
I I . O N T H E O R G A N S O F R E P R O D U C T IO N .
A . O n th e P a r ts o f th e F r u c t i f cation.
A N T H E R S .
U n d e r th e d e n om in a tio n o f th e anthe rs o f Ju n g e rm a n n i® H e d w ig h a s d e s c r ib e d tw o Anthers,
k in d s o f o rg a n s , w h o s e s tru c tu r e is e x tr em e ly diffe ren t. T h e o n e I sh a ll h a v e o c c a s io n
p r e s e n tly to s p e a k o f ; th a t w h ich co n s is ts s im p ly o f p e llu c id g r a n u le s , w ith o u t a n y visib le
in te rn a l o rg a n iz a tio n , a n d w h ic h 1 h a v e , I f e a r , in c o r r e c tly , in th e c o u r s e o f m y d e s c r ip tio
n s , d e s c r ib e d b y th e n am e o f g em m a : th e o th e r is w h a t I lo o k u p o n to b e th e t r u e
a n th e r s , a t le a s t a s m u c h so a s th e a n th e r s o f M o s s e s , w ith th e s tru c tu r e o f wh ich th e r e
s e em s to b e th e g r e a t e s t a ffinity, a n d e sp e c ia lly w ith th o s e o f th e g e n u s S p h a g n um . L ik e
th em th e y a r e n e a r ly sp h e r ic a l in a ll th e sp e c ie s , e x c e p t in J . B la s ia (tab . 8 2 ), w h e r e
th e y a r e o v a te o r e llip tic a l, e x te rn a lly c om p o s ed o f a n e x tr em e ly th in , p e llu c id , d ia p h a n o u s ,
r e tic u la te d m em b r a n e ; w h ich r e tic u la tio n is c a u s e d , in all p ro b a b ility , b y c e llu le s , o f which
i t is th e b o u n d a ry . W i th in it is fille d w ith a flu id a n d m ix e d w ith a v e ry m in u te g r a n u la te d
su b s ta n c e , g e n e r a lly o f a n oliva c eous o r g r e y ish co lo r, b u t y e llow in J . p u s illa (tab. 6 9 ),
a n d o r a n g e in J . Ho o k e ri (tab. 54) : th is , w h e n th e a n th e r h a s a r r iv e d a t a s la te o f m a tu r ity ,
e s c a p e s th ro u g h a n ir r e g u la r ly s h a p e d o p e n in g , w h ic h b u r s ts a t th e e x tr em ity ; a n d tlie u
th e cu tic le tu rn s b row n a n d d e c ay s .
T h e an th e r te rm in a te s , in th e g r e a t e r n um b e r o f sp e c ie s , a s h o r t filam e n t, o r w h ite ,
p e llu c id , d e lic a te , c e llu lo s e fo o ts ta lk . I n J . p in g u is tliis fo o tsta lk is s c a rc e ly d is c e rn ib le , a n d