them is tender, and composed o f numerous cellules, Avhich are readily distinguisliable w ith
th e microscope. T h e color is a dull green, a t tiie apices frequently purple.
Leaves (f. 3 ) by no means closely placed in th e ban'en shoots, b u t crowded and imbricated
in th e fertile ones; in the former they arc considerably smallest ; in th e la tte r th e up p e r
ones, w’hich are th e la rg e s t o f all, a re nearly h a lf a line in len g th in many instances,
e rect, gradually lessening as they recede from th e calyx; the re st, on tlie eonti-ary, become
smaller in proportion as th c j' approach th e extremity, and a re generally p a te n t; all o f
th em are o f a nearly orbicular figure (th e lesser ones sometimes inc lining to ovate),
concave, w ith th e ma rgins usually plane. T h e ir texture is somewhat c arnose; th e
cellules a re small, roundish, except a t th e ma rgin, where th ey are o f a much larger size,
regula rly cpiadrate, forming a curious and very conspicuous border, which is still more
rema rkable in a dry s ta te , when i t becomes a little recurved, and is distinguishable by
th a t cii'curastance, and by a somewhat paler color, even iv ilh th e naked eye. The extreme
edge o f each o f th e m a rg in a l cellules is often swollen, th u s fo rm in g th e segm en t o f a
circle, which, o f course, gives th e le a f a crenulated appearance; whence th e name
adopted by Di'. Smith. T h is is, however, by do means universally so, n o r have I ever
seen th e le a f a lto g e th e r so much crenula ted as th e figure in English Botany repre sents it
to be. T h e bonier itself is n ot unfretpiently ve iy obscure in th e younger leaves, and in
none so evident as in those upon th e fe rtile shoois. T h e color o f th e leaves is extremely
variable. I possess spocimeus, gathered by Mr, Lyell, which are wholly gre en, b u t th e
m o st usual hue is a dull olive, w ith th e extremities o ften , and th e te rm ina l leavés
generally, altoge the r o f a ra th e r deep purple.
T h e Perigonial leaves resemble th e re st, except th a t they are more crowded and th e ir base is
swollen for th e rece|)tion o f th e anthers. They are s itua ted in various p a rts , b u t most
frequently about th e middle o f ihe stem.
Perichætial leaves differ in no re spe c t from th e re s t th a t are placed upon th e fertile p a rt
o f the siem. When th e calyx is you n g they form a sort o f cup a round its base, and when
th a t pa rt has reached its full size, they are a b o u t h a lf its len g th o r more, and are closely
ap])ressed to each side o f it. They sometimes appe a r to have th e ir o rigin from th e lower
p a rt o f th e calyx itself, b u t th is is by no means con stan t : for th e calyx and perichætial
leaves will o ften be found to have one common p o in t o f insertion, a t th e e.\tremity o f
th e stem.
M ale F r u c t if ic a t io n s itu a te d in th e a x illæ o f th e p e r ig o n i a l le a v e s , in c lu s te r s , c o n s is tin g o f
tw o o r th r e e , o r m o r e , anthers, e a c h o f w h ic h is sp lie r ic a l a n d r e t i c u la te d , a n d s u p p o r te d u p o n
a s h o r t , w h itis h fo o ts ta lk .
F em a l e F r u c t if ic a t io n te rm in a l* upon th e main stems.
T h e Calyx (f. 5) is th re e -q u a rte rs o f a line o r more in len g th , o f a n obovate figure,
laterally compressed, and furnished with four lo n g itu d in a l angles, which, in th e full-
grown calyx, are p rominent and acute , b u t in th e y ounge r s ta te fa r less evident and
ob tu s e ; a t which tim e , also, the whole calyx is more spherical, and. may readily be
• Unless, indeed, as may happen with almost every species of the genus, the production of a shoot immediately
beneath should give it the appearance of being lateral. This seemingly lateral situation may be more readily
distinguished from a truly lateral one, in consequence of the much larger calycine leaves, on the upper part of
supposed, by those who have n ot th e opportunity o f tra c in g it to perfection, to W o n g to
a different species. T h e m outh is much co ntra c ted and sometimes even prominent,
ahvays irregularly toothed. T h e color and lexture correspond with those o f th e leaves.
Calyptra (f. 8) th in , delicate, o f a pale yellowish-brown color, elegantly re ticula ted, and
te rm in a ted by a sh o rt style.
Feiuncle ha lf an inch or more in length, white , pelluciil, cellulose.
Capmle (f. 9) ovate, approaching to spherical, o f a deep, shining brown color, longi-
tudinally and transversely furrowed.
Seeds and spiral Jilaments (f. 10) o f a fulvous color; th e la tte r are formed o f a double helix,
and adhere, a fte r th e discharge o f th e seeds, to th e ma rgins o f th e valves of the capsule;
th e former are spherical.
T h e anr. ¡3, J . sracWima o f Engl. Boi. is smaller in all its pa rts than a-, th e stem s, too, are more
lengthened imd slender, and are furnished with very m inute , distantly-placed, and more ovate
leaves, a t least on th e barren shoots; for th e fertile ones differ in no respect from those o f a ;
like th em , too, being very d istin c tly bordered with la rge , quadra te cellules, wliilst in th e rest
this appeai'ance is fa r less observable.
The p re sent species, which belongs to th a t division which may be called " E is tip u la ti, p h i s
ilslichis. in teg ris,- is a t once to be distinguished from th e re st o t th e same trib e , by its q ua d
rangula r calyx, and its curiously m a ig in a tcd leaves. In some o f these, however, as has been
already rema rked, especially o f th e ror. (3. th e b onie r is obscure, and they th e n be a r no small
affinity to those o f J . s e d a n s , from which, a t th e same time, th e wan t o f stipules will always keep
th e p lan t distin c t, even should th e fructification he wanting, which is totally different in th e two
species in question. Leaves o f the kin d ju s t mentioned have some resemblance in figure to those
o f J . pumila and J . lanceolata. b u t, besides th a t these la s t a re always o f a more delicate tex tu re ,
th e ir fa r g re a te r size, in proportion to the diameter o f the stem, aud th e ir more crowded mode of
grow th , will prevent th em from b e ing mistaken for those o t J . crenulata. As I am not aware th a t
tlie rc is any otlier species th a t is a t a ll likely to he confounded w ith tile p resent, it will be
unnecessaiy for me to say more on its specific characters. With rega rd to J . griciUima o f Englhl,
B e t a , , , th e sterile plants have a very peculiar appearance; b u t th e f u c m a rk o f the species wiUbe
found in th e fe rtile shoots, and I tun particula rly happy to be able to add, th a t Mr. Lyell, who
has been a t g re a t pains in examining and comparing th e two, and long th o u g h t them d istinc t, now
perfectly coincides w ith me in considering them merely as varieties of each other. Í may often
be found with a , as well th e intermediate sta te s o f th e two.
Bogvy places in various parts of th e united kingdom produce th is p re tty plant. H r. Francis
has fo r many years rem a rk ed it in th e neighborhood o th i s residence; b u t Mr. Borreris speenneus,
found in Sussex, are those th a t have been first published. These g row to a la rg e r size than the
Norfolk p lant. No author b u t D r. Smith has noüced th e species; nor, indeed, does it appear to be
an inhabitant o f th e continent.
REFERENCES