INTRODUCTION.
T o a w o rk , p ro f e s s in g to g iv e a d e s c r ip tio n o f tlie v a r io u s sp e c ie s o f Ju n g e r in a n n if e y e t
a s c e r ta in e d to b e n a tiv e s o f th e B r i t i s h isle s, i t a p p e a r s d e s ira b le , i f n o t in d isp e n s a b le , to
p r e f ix , b y w a y o f in tro d u c tio n , a s h o r t h is to r ic a l a c c o u n t o f th e g e n u s its e lf, a c com p an ied
w ith som e r em a r k s u p o n its s t r u c tu r e a n d p e c u lia ritie s , a n d a few o b s e rv a tio n s on th o s e
fam ilie s w h ic h a r e m o s t n e a r ly c o n n e c te d w itli it.
S E C T IO N I .
H isto ry o f the Family.
T h e e a r lie r b o ta n is ts , w h o h a v e ta k e n n o tic e o f tlie p la n ts b e lo n g in g to th is g e n u s ,
h a v e a lm o s t u n iv e r s a lly d e s ig n a te d th em b y th e a p p e lla tio n s e ith e r o f M m d o r Lichenes.
B y th e la t te r te rm , F a h iu s C o lum n a h a s d e s c r ib e d th e f ir s t J u o g e rm a n n ia t h a t w c fin d
a n y w lie r e u p o n r e c o rd ; h is “ L k l ie u a lte r m inor caule c a k e a to ,” b e in g v e ry o b v io u s ly , b o th
f rom th e d e s c r ip tio n a n d f ig u r e , in te n d e d fo r o u r J . e p ip h y lla * ; to w h ich D iUonius a n d
o th e r su b s e q u e n t w r ite r s h a v e r e f e r r e d it.
I t w a s n o t ti l l th e b e g in n in g o f th e la s t c e n tu ry , th a t th e n am e o f Junge rmannia.v ia.^
f i r s t a d o p te d ; a n am e g iv e n b y R u p p i u s t , to p e rp e tu a te th e m em o ry o f L o u is J u n g e rm a n n ,
a G e rm a n b o ta n is t, w h o w a s b o rn in 1 5 7 2 , a n d d ie d in 1 6 5 3 , a f te r h a v in g p u b lis h e d a
c a ta lo g u e o f t h e p la n t s o f th e n e ig h b o rh o o d o f A lto rf, a n d a w o rk e n title d C o rm eo p ia F h r x
Giessensis. H e lik ew is e g a v e c o n s id e r a b le a s s is ta n c e to B e s le r , in h is H o r lits E y ste tlen sis.
I n th e F lo ra Jetie-nsis, h ow e v e r , w c fin d n o p a r tic u la r s r e la tiv e to Hie c h a r a c te r s o f th is
n ew g e n u s ; n o r d o w e , ti l l D ille n iu s , im p e r f e c tly in d e e d , d e s c rib e d th e f r u i t o f i t in th e
E p /t. N a t. cur. C en t, v ., v i ., a n d in th e A p p e n d ix , p . 5 2 , a n d a g a in in h is F lo r. Giss., w h e re
h e a ttr ib u te s to th is tr ib e o f p la n ts , w h ic h h e c a lls L iche imslrurà, “ C a p i ta la m onoooc c a
(q n ib u s c t p e d ic u lis b re v io r ib u s a L ic h e n e d iffe rì), a n t n u d a , a n t folliculo in c lu s a , a u t
p e ta lo d e s q u id lia b e n tia , flo rem n em p e m o n o p e ta lu in q u a d r if id um im ita n tia , qum e tiam loco
a p tc um fc e cu iid a tio n em c o n c ilia r e n t p ia n ta ;, l ic e t s em in a d e s id e r e n tu r .” p . 84. H e f a r th e r
sp e a k s , in th e S u p p lem e n t o f th e s am e w o rk , o f a d o u b le c o v e r in g to th e y o u n g c a p su le ,
ev id e n tly aU u d in g to th e c a ly x a n d corolla, a s th e y h a v e s in c e b e e n te rm e d .
• In his “ Minus cognUarum ranorumqut nostro calo orienlium Slirp h
•Ito. p. 330. t Flora Jencnsis.
n êJCpp<tff/î>” &c. Roraæ, !