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base elongato-rectangular, hyaline and wide next the nerve, the angular
colored narrower and inc ra ssa te , th e upper small narrowly rectangular.
Setæ 2— 5 in the same perich. ra ther short, slender pale often convolute,
b ra c ts broad short ovate, suddenly aristate, inner oblong convolute,
tipped with the excurrent nerve, innermost lingulate obtuse, nerveless ;
caps, leptodermous, exannulate, cernuous and horizontal, oblong,
subarcuate, obsoletely striate, olivaceous green, when old b la ck and
strongly incurved, lid with a v ery long subulate oblique straw-coloured
beak, falling with the ca lyp tra , te e th ferruginous red, rather short.
Male infl. gemmiform, nidulant in the cauline tomentum.
H a b .— Banks and rocks in subalpine woods ; not uncommon. Fr. 7— 8.
Except Dillenius, Smith and Turner, all the older botanists confounded
this with D. scoparimn, from which it is readily distinguished by the polysetous
inflorescence, although occasionally solitary capsules may be met with.
Dr. Taylor erroneously regarded it as the true Br. scoparium of Linnæus.
7. DICRANUM SCOPARIUM (L.) Heiw.
D io ico u s ; robust la xly tufted, tomentose. L e a v e s lanceolatesubulate,
secund or falcato-secund, ca rinate, con ca v e , th e margins
incurved, serrated above, nerve rea ching apex, narrow, with 4 prominent
serrated ridges a t b a ck in the upper part. Capsu le cy lindraceous,
sub arcua te castaneous, lid longly subulate. (T. X X I , A.)
Syn.— Adiantum aureum medium, foliis tenuissimis, capitulis erectis acutis Bobarti. R a y Synops.
St. brit. App. 237 (1690).
Muscus trichoides minor, foliis oblongis angustis obsciirc viridi.bus in longum et prcetenuem
mucronem desinentibus. R a y S y n o p s . 2 ed . 29 (16 9 6 ).
Bryum ercctis capitulis angustifolium, caule reclinato. D i l l . C a t . G i s s . 222 ( 1 7 1 9 ) , e t in
R a y S y n o p s . 3 e d . 95 { 17 24 ).
Bryum caule inclinato, foliis arreclis subulatis, capitulis erectiusculis. L. B'l. Lapp. 315
(1737)-
Bryuni rccUnatum, foliis falcatis, scoparum effigie. D i l l . Hist. musc. 3 5 7 , t. 46, f. 16
A . B. c . E . H. (17 4 1 ) .
Bryum scoparium L. Sp. plant. H17 (1753), Syst. nat. ii, 701. H u d s . Fl. angl. 406
(1762). N e c k . meth. musc. 224 (1771). W i t h . Bot. arr. br. veg. ii, 673 (1776). C u r t .
P'l. Lond. i, t. 6g {1778}. L i g h t f . P'l. scot, ii, 721 (1777)- P'l. Dan. t. 824, i. i (1780).
R e lh . Fl. cant. 403 (1785). Sm . Eng. Bot. t. 354 (1796). P Io ffm . Deutsch. fl. ii, 39
{1796). A b b o t Fl. bedf. 141 (1798). H u l l Br. fl. P. II, 261 (1799).
Hypnum scoparium W e i s s C r . g o e t t . 7 1 ( 17 7 0 ) . S c o p . F l . e a rn . 2 e d . n. 12 3 4 ( 17 7 2 ) .
W e b . S p ic . fl. g o e t t . 7 1 { 17 78).
DicmjiHw scojii. H e d w . Fund. musc. II, 92, t. 8, f. 41, 42 (1782); Sp. musc. 126 (1801).
R o t h Tent. fl. germ, i, 460 (1788) etiii, 158. S i b t h . Fl. oxon. 281 (1794)- B r id . musc.
rec. II, P. I, 155 (1798), Sp. musc. I, 172 (1806), Mant. 56 (1819), Bry. univ. i, 410 (1826).
S w a r t z musc. suec. 34 (1799). R o e h l . Moosg. D. 318 (1800), Deutsch. fl. iii, 42
(1813). R ic h , in M ic h x . Fl. bor. amer. ii, 297 (1803). S t u r m Deutsch. fl. II, 13 (1803).
Sm . Fl. brit. 1201 (1S04). T u r n M u sc . hib. 58 {1804). S c h u l t z Fl. starg. 294 (1806).
W e b . M o h r Bot. Tasch. 173 (1807) excl. syn. S c h w a e g . Suppl. I, P. I, 162, _t. 42
(1811). W a h l e n b . Fl. lapp. 336 (1812), Fl. carp. 343 (1814). V o i t M u sc . herbip. 39
( 18 12 ). M a r t . Fl. cr. eri. 97 { 18 17 ) . H o o k . T a y l . Musc. brit. 5 7 , t. x8 (1818) excl. var.
G r a y Nat. arr. br. pl. i, 738 { 18 2 1 ). H o o k . Fl. scot. P. 2, 133 ( 18 2 1 ), Br. P’l. ii, 41
{1833). F u n c k Moost. 2 7, t. 19 ( 18 2 1 ) . Z e n k . D i e t r . Musc. thuring. n . 14 ( 18 2 1 ).
H u e b e n . M usc. germ. 235 {1833). H a r t m . Skand. Fl. B a l s . D e N o t . Bry. mediol. 135
M a c k . Fl. hib. P. 2, 24 (1836). D e N o t . Syll. musc. 212 (1838), Epil. bri. ital. 6ig
(i86g). S c h k u h r Deutsch. kr. gew. P. II, 88, t. 39 (1847). B r . S c h im p . Bry. eur. fasc.
37-40, p. 34, t. 26 (1847). R a b e n h . Deutsch. kr. fl. ii, s. 3, 145 (1848). C. M u e l l .
Synops. i, 359 (1849). W i l s . Bry. brit. 78, t. i8 (1855). J e n s . Bry. dan. 92 (1856).
S c h im p . Synops. 8g (i860), 2 ed. 91 (1876). B e r k . Handb. br. m. 278, t. 23, f. 7 (1863).
M i l d e Bry. siles. 70 (i86g). H o b k . Syn. br. m. 47 (1873). H u sn . Mouss. nord-ouest 53 (^873)- J u r a t z . Laubm. Oesterr.-ung. 48 (1882).
Fuscina scoparia S ch r a n k Baiers. Fl. ii, 452 (1789), Prim. FI. Salisb. n. 827 (1792).
Mnium scop. G m e l . Syst. nat. ii, 1328 (1791). L a ic h . Pl, eur. 476 (1794). W it h . Bot.
arr. br. veg. 3 ed, 799 (1796).
Cecalyphum scop. P. B e a u v . Prodr, 51 (1805); Mem. soc. Linn. Par. t, 2, f. 4 (1822).
Dicranum Dillenii T a y l . in Ann. mag. nat. hist, xii, 129 {1843), et Bot. zeit. 1843, p. 695.
Autoicous and dioicous ; in large la x ra ther rigid tufts, yellowish
green above, fuscescent below. Stems 2— 5 in. high, dichotomous,
densely covered with pa le or ferruginous tomentum, interrupted by the
innovations, which have the leaves longer and more crowded in upper
part. L e a v e s glossy, falcato-secund, rarely stra ight, th e terminal
comant, ca rin ate-concav e, from an elongated oblong base, lanceolate
subulate, sharply serrate a t m a rg in ; nerve flattened, narrowing upward
and rea chin g apex, a t b ack sulcate and with 4 ridges, serrated toward
a p e x ; upper cells linear-rectangular, basal longer subvermicular, the
angular large, quadrate orange-brown. S e ta solitary, red, bracts
convolute in a cylinder, outer from a broad base, narrowly lineal,
patulous, serrated, inner convo lute with a narrow subula from the
rounded apex, nerve o b so le te ; caps, pachydermous, exannulate,
cernuous, ra rely suberect, cylindra ceous, subarcuate, becoming more
curved when old, not striate, castaneous or ru fe s c e n t ; lid convex with
a stout rufous subulate beak as long as capsule ; teeth solid, bright red,
c le ft to middle.
Male plants distinct, more slender w ith infl. terminal, or gemmaceous
and nidulant in the tomentum below the pe r ich $tia , b ra cts from an
ovate base, nar rowly linear.
H a b .— Shady banks, rocks, stone walls, and heaths ; common. Fr. 7— 8.
Var. ¡3. alpestre Huehen.
More densely tufted, shining fulvous ; stem erect nearly straight, with
short branches ; leaves denser, broader, straight or slightly secund, erecto-
appressed, margin and nerve entire or with a few obtuse teeth.
S y n .— Dicr. scoparium f alpestre. H u e b e n . M usc . germ. 236. D e N o t . Syll. et Epil.
M i l d e Bry. siles. 70. J u r a t z . Laubm. Oesterr..ung. 49.
H a b .— Subalpine woods ; not common. Innisfallen, Killarney 1864) ! !
Var. y. recurvatum {Schultz) Brid.
Slender, elongated, geniculato-ascending, deep green opake ; leaves suddenly
larger in the coma, falcato-secund, elongated.
S y n .— Dicranum recurvatum S c h u l t z Fl. Starg. 295.
Dicr. scoparium var. recurvatum Brid. Sp. musc. 173, Bry. univ. i, 412. S ch im p . Synops.
H u e b e n . J u r a t z .
Dicr. pallidum M i t t , in litt.