8g, T. iS, f. 6— 10 (iSoi). S m ith Fl. Brit, iii, 1375 (1804) ; Eng. Bot. 1200. T u r n .
Musc. Hib. 82 (1804). P. B e a u v . Prodr. 352 (1805). L am . D e C . Fl. franc. 3 ed. ii,
4S9 {1805). S c h u l t z Fl. Starg. 285 (1806). W a h l e n b . P'l. lapp. 341 {1812); Fl. carp.
348 (1S14). S c h w a e g r . Suppl. I, P. 2, 309 (1816). H o o k . T a y l . M usc. Brit, 27, t. x
(1818). P'uNCK Moostasch. 68, t. 54 {1821). H o o k . Fl. Scot. P. 2, 126 (1821) excl. syn.,
Brit. Fl. ii, 49 (1833). G r e v . Mem. Wern. soc. iii, 436 (1821}. G r a y Nat. arr. Br. pi.
i, 720 (1821). W a l l r . Fl. crypt, germ. i. 200 {1831). H u e b e n . M usc . germ. 532
(1833). B a l s . D e N o t . Pr. Bry. Med. 18 (1834). M a c k . Fl. Hib., P. 2, 28 (1836). D e
N o t . Syll. musc. n. 204 (1838). B r . S c h im p . Bry. Eur. iv, Mon. 12, t. xv (1844) ; Syn.
musc. 447 {i860), et 2 ed. 543 {1876). R a b e n h . Deutsch. Krypt. Fl. ii, P. 3, 238 (1848).
C. M u e l l . Syn. musc. i, 218 (1849). W i l s . Bry. Brit. 213, t. x (1855). B e r k . Handb.
Br. m. 2og, t. 18, f. 7 (1863). L in d b . in Not. ur Siills. Fn. et Fl. fenn. fdrh. ix, 122
(1S67). M i l d e Bry. Siles 253 (iS6g). D e N o t . Epil. Briol. Ital. 334 (1869). H o b k .
Syn. br. m. 104 (1873). H u s n . M ouss. nord-ouest 137 {1873).
Pol. junipcrifoUnm H o f f m . Deutsch. Fl. ii, 24 (1795). H o p p e Journ. Bot. 146 (1800).
W e b . M o h r Bot. Tasch., 219 (1807). M a r t . Fl. Cr. Erl. 82 (1817). Z e n k . D i e t r .
Musc. Thuring. n. 10 (1821).
Pol. implicntum V o iT M u s c . h e rb ip . 59 (1812).
D io ic o u s ; gregarious, glaucous green above, fuscescent b e lo w ;
rhizome flexuose, densely radiculose. Stem e re c t i—5 in. high, rarely
2 or 3 partite. Le a v e s when moist patulous and subrecurved, when dry
erect, the lower squamose, appressed, the upper long, lineal-lanceolate,
semiterete-subulate, the wings inflexed, subconnivent, quite entire,
nerve excurrent in a short reddish arista, muricate at b a c k ; lamellae
yellow-green, low, dense, about 48, each in section o f a row o f 4— 6 cells,
th e marginal one larger, cruciform from hav ing a tooth-like papilla at
apex. Pe rich. b ra c ts longer, convo lute, membranous at margin, with a
long rough arista. Capsule on a purple seta, entirely covered by the
rufous ca lyp tra , tetragono -pr isma tic, e re c t, pachydermous, rufous-
orange, finally brown and horizontal, with a purple shield-like
hypophysis; lid plano-convex, ros tellate, rufous with a deep red margin.
T e e th 64, rather short, pa le yellowish.
Male plants intermixed, more slender, with shorter le a v e s ; outer
b ra c ts ovate, strongly mucronate, innermost thin, trun cate, pointed.
H a e .— We t heaths and bare places in woods ; not uncommon. Fr. 6— 7.
This plant varies much in size and also in the colour of the calyptra,
which at great elevations is sometimes quite white.
Dillenius by some mistake has figured the leaf as serrated, and the plant
in his herbarium is P. strictum f l .
10. POLYTRICHUM STRICTUM Banks.
D io ic o u s ; resembling P . juniperinum but ta lle r , and more slender
w ith densely tomentose stem s ; the lea ves shorter, e recto-patent,
stra igh t. Capsu le small, cuboid. (T . V I I I , C.)
Syn.— Pol. strictum B a n k s MSS. Menz. in Trans. Lin. Soc. iv. 77, t. 7, fig. i (1798). H u l l
Br. Fl. P. 2,247 (1799)- S m ith Fl. Brit, iii, 1376 (1804); Eng. Bot. t. 2435 (1812).
T u r n . M u s c . hib. 83 (1804). L a m . DeC. Fl. gall. n. 1274 (1805). B r id . Sp. musc. I, 49
(1806) ; Mant. musc. 195 (i8ig), et Bry. univ. ii, 13g (1827). M il d e Bry. Siles. 253
(i86g). H o b k . Syn. Br. m. 104 (1873). H u s n . Mouss. nord-ouest 137 {1873). S c h im p .
Syn. Musc. 448 (i860), et 2 ed. 544 (1876).
Pol. alicsire H o p p e Bot. Tasch. igS (1801). B r id . Sp. musc, I, 50 (1806); Mant. musc.
195 (1819) ; Bry. univ. ii, 140 (1827), S c h w a e g k , Suppl. I, P. 2, 310 (1816). S c h u l t z
Fl. Starg. Suppl. 88 (i8ig). W a l l r . Fl. crypt, germ. i. 199 (1831). H u e b e n . M u s c .
germ. 533 (1833).
Pol. juniperinum var. W e b . M o h r Bot. Tasch., 220 {1807 ).— Var. A. strictum W a l l m .
in L i l j e b l . Svensk Fl. 3 ed. 527 ( 18 16 ).— Var. ß . gracilius W a h l e n . Fl. lapp. 344
( 18 12 ) .— Var. ß . strictum H a r t m . Skand. Fl. 404 (1820). C. M u e l l Syn. musc. i, 218
( 18 4 g ).— Var. ß . strictum et y. alpestre B r . S ch lm p . Br. Eur. iv, Mon. 12 , t. 16 (1844).
D e N o t . Epil. Briol. Ital. 334 (1869). W i l s . B e r k . ,& c . Var. ß . alpestre H a r t m . op.
cit. 5 ed. 361 (18 4 9 ) . *p_^iyicin,n L in d b . in Ofv. W . Ak. Forh. xxiii, 548 (18 6 6 ), et
N o t . ur Sällsk. Fn. et Fl. fenn. forh. ix, 123 ( 18 6 7 ) .
Dio icous ; resembling P . juniperinum, pale glaucous green, slender,
densely cæspitose, branched. Stems 3— 12 in. high, interwoven by
dense dirty white tomentum. L e a v e s e recto-patent, straight, imbricated
when dry, shorter and n ar row e r; lamellæ about 32, less developed.
Capsule small, cubic, a cu te ly angular, rufous orange. Ca lyp tra
brownish or whitish.
H a b .— Boggy heaths. Less frequent. Fr. 5— 6.
Near Taymouth on tops of walls (Mensies). Forfar {Don 1802). Ben Lawers and Glen
Callater {Hunt) ! ! Ben Vracky, Perth {Boswell) ! ! ' Herringfleet, Suffolk {Ttimer 1806).
Scawfell and Witherslack {Boswell). Micklefell, Yorks. {Baker) ! ! Todmorden and
Cliviger {Nowell). Knutsford moor and Wybunbury bog (Wilson).
Much as this differs in appearance from P. juniperimtm, I confess to be
more in accord with the authors who regarded it as a variety of that species,
for it will be seen there are no structual differences between them. Lindberg
calls it a subspecies of P . juniperinum, to which it stands in the same relation
as P . Swartzii to P. commune.
II. POLYTRICHUM COMMUNE L .
Dio icous ; v ery tall, simple. L e a v e s very long, pa tent recurved,
linear-subulate, plane, spinuloso-serrate, scabrous a t b ack. Capsule
te traed ral, with a discoid hypophysis ; lid depresso-convex, conico-
ros te llate . (T. IX.)
S y n .— Polytrichiun vulgäre et inajiis, capsula quadrangulari D i l l . Cat. Giss. 221. App. 85 (1719),
et in R a y Synops. 3 ed. go, i (1724).
Polyt. quadrangulare vulgare,yiiccesfoliis serratis D i l l . Hist. musc. 420, i, T. 54, fig. i
(1741), et Herb.
Po/. a. L. Sp. PI. ii, 1109, n. I (1753) ; Syst. Nat. ii, 700 ; Fl. suec. n, 966. H u d s .
Fl. angl. 399 (1762). S c h r e b . Spic. Fl. Lips. 73 (1771). N e c k . Meth. musc. 124
(1771). W i t h . Bot. arr. Br. veg. 662 (1776). L i g h t f . Fl. Scot. ii, 6gS {1777). R e l h .
Fl. Cant. 396 (17S5). W i l l d . Pr. Fl. Berol. n. 900 (1787). S i b t h . Fl. Oxon. 305
(1794). A b b o t Fl. bedf. 232 (1798), H o f fm . Deutsch. Fl. ii. 23 (1796). M e n z . Tr.
Linn. Soc. iv, 74 (179S) ; Roth. Fl. germ, i, 456 (17SS). et iii, 346. S w a r t z M u s c . suec. 75 (179S). B r i d . Musc. rec. ii, P. Ï, Si (1792) : Sp. mu.sc. I. 54 (1S06) ; Mant. musc.
197 (iSig) ; Bry. univ, ii, 14S (1S27). R ö h l . Moosg. Deutsch. 170 (iSoo) ; Deutsch.
Fl. iii. 58 (1S13) : Ann. Wett. ges. iii. 219 (1S14). S m i t h Fl. Brit, iii, 1373 (1S04) ;
Eng. Bot. 1x97. T u r n . Musc. Hib. 8o (1S04). P. B e a u v . Prodr. 85 (1S05). L am .
D e C . Fl. franc. 3 ed. ii, 4S7 (iSos). S c h u l t z Fl. starg. 2S5 (1S06). W a h l e n b . Fl.
lapp. 344 (1S12) ; Fl. carp. 34S (1814). S c h w a e g r . Suppl. i, P. 2. 314 (1S16). H o o k .