t o p ; areolation uniform, h e x a g o n a l; cup o f 3-4 obcordate, obsoletely
nerved bracts, enclosing many flattened lenticular, stalked gemma;,
intermixed with paraphyses, these gemmae are altered antheridia, as
the cups often arise in pairs ju s t as the pe rfec t males do.
O c ca sion a lly also a gemmiferous shoot may be found growing from
a female inflorescence.
H a e .— Damp, shady rocks, rotten stumps of trees, decayed palings, and
on turfy banks on heaths, not uncommon. Fr. 7-9. Plentiful about
Killarney, but otherwise rather scarce in Ireland, as it also is in
Cornwall.
^ This beautiful moss is widely distributed, and in North America
besides the ordinary form, a variety {curvata Lindh.) is common, having a
narrower, curved capsule. The leaves vary much in size, as well as in
density o f arrangement, and we have seen steins of the gemmiferous
plant, having them almost circular. It is also not uncommon to find
gemmae, which have dropped from the cups, entangled among the leaves
and attached to the stem by radicles they have thrown out. The second
species— G . gmiculata G i e g e n s .— is a native of Japan and N . West
America, and differs from the European species chiefly in the seta
which IS suddenly bent about the middle to an obtuse angle, and roiwhlv
tuberculate above the bend.
Sect. 8. T E T R O D O N T IU M . S c h w æ g .
Plants v ery small, gregarious, simple, having the long frondiform
leaves, permanent or vanishing, or sometimes with la tera l flagelliform
ramuli, bearing very minute imbricated lea ves ; capsule oval.
2. GEORGIA BROWNII. (Dicks.) C. Muell.
Autoicous ; plants dwarf, g reg arious, the stem with or w ithout
flagelliform ramuli, the perichætial b ra cts ovate, acuminate, nerved
h a lf-w a y ; capsule o v a l; lid conic, oblique. (T. IV . B.)
“ y P '-S b t . fase. IV. 7, t. IC. fig 16 (1801). Brid. Musc.
rec. 11, F. I l l , 62 (1803). T ürner in Koen. and Sims Ann. Bot. II, 197 (1806).
Tetraphis ovata Funck in Hopp. Bot. Tasch. 1802, 41, et in Ree bot Zeit 1R02 ,20
B r T 's 'u Mu"sr- f T f k ® Spreno. E in f 27s,'t 6 f. 52 (r’8o4p
M ora & t t L Y ' ’ h o *■ “ use. 26 (1819) ; Bry. univ. i, 131 (1826). W e b .
o SCHKUHR Deutsch, krypt. Gew. ii. 33, t. 13 (1810)
bcHwiEGR, Suppl. I, p. I, 39, t. 13 (1811). Rohe, in Ann. Wett. G « ii 88 82)
Hoke r " ? - 1"®- 38 (^814). WalLM. in LieJEBL. S v . Fl 3 ed ,20 h s l ■
fX i6 t e i '8 ° i8 t "h k V a' “’ ^omp. Fl. Brie
Genn. I, « 7 (.83:). H H U s X c . 'b a n a ' . L I u s I .^ ^ i s p l^ . ' s e a n T l j
Tetraphis rigida Hed. k i l . Obs. bot. i, 7, T. I (1802). W a h l e n b . Fl. suec. ii, 770 (1826).
S w a r t z Adnot. bot. 82 (1829). M y r in in W. Ak. Handl. 1831, p. 261.
Orthotrichum Brownianum S m . Fl. Brit, iii, 1269 (1804). B r id . Sp. Musc. P. 2, 11 (1812).
Grimmia Browniana T u r n . op. c. i, 522, in nota (1805). S m . Eng. Bot. t. 1422 (1805).
Tetraphis Browniana G r e v . P'l. Edin. 230 (1B24) ; Scot. Crypt. Fl. iii, t. 169 {1826). W.-
A r n . 1. c. B r id . Bry. univ. i, 133 (1826). H o o k . T . op. c. 2 ed. 33 (1827). N . H . Sr.
op. c. 9. W a l l r . op. c. 118. H u e b e n . op. c. 74. D u e y Bot. gall, ii, 577 (1830).
H o o k . Br. Fl. ii, 14 (1833). M a c k a y Fl. Hib. P. 2, 12 {1836). H am p e in Regens. bot.
Zeit. XX, P. I, 280, n. I. cum Var. ovata {1837). H a r tm . op. c. 5 g edd. {1849-64).
Tetrodontium Brownianum S c h w g n . op. cit. ii. P. I, 102, t. 129 {1824). M o u g . N e s t . St.
Cr. n. 8 ti. B r . S c h im p . Bry. Eur. iii, Mon. 4, t. 2 (1843). A o n g s t r . in F r . Summ.
Veg. Sc. i, 92 (1846). W i l s . Bry. brit. 197, t. 8 {1855). S c h im p . Synops. 283 {i860) ;
et 2 ed. 351 (1876). B e r k . Handb. Br. M . 216, t. 19, f. 7 (1863). M i l d e Bry. Siles. 245
(1869). H o b k . Syn. Br. M. 99 (1873).
Tetrodontium ovatum S c h w g n . op. c. ii, P. I, 102.
Georgia Browniana C. M u e l l . Syn. i, 181 (1848). R a b e n h . Deutsch. Krypt. Fl. ii, P. 3,
231 (1848). S p r u c e Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. iii, 153 (1849) ; et Ann. Mag. N. Hist. 2
Ser. iii, 359 (1849). L in d b . in Not. ur Sallsk. Fn. et I'l. fenn. 151 (1867).
Tetrodontmm variuni a. foliatum et ß . frondiferum L in d b . in Ofr. V. Ak. Forh. XX, 414
(1B63).
Autoicous ; plants v ery small, simple, g reg arious, radiculose at base,
with v ery short decumbent stems, bearing the terminal inflorescence.
Radica l frondiform leaves long, linear-cuneate or somewhat palmate
at apex, o f 2-3 layers o f cells ; or else bearing flagelliform branches
covered with lanceolate, entire, nerveless leaves.
Perichætial b ra c ts numerous, imbr icated, outer much smaller,
all ovato-lanceolate, fa intly nerved at base, entire, the cells oval,
capsule solitary, on a rigid purple pedicel, erect, o v a l, symmetric,
Ann, olive-brown, becoming blackish by a g e ; ca lyp tra covering all
the capsule, glossy reddish-brown, more deeply slit, unequally p lic a te ;
operculum one-third length o f capsule, dull yellow, conic or ro s te llate ;
mouth o f capsule exannulate, more or less emarginate opposite the
interspaces between the teeth ; teeth shorter and broader than in
G. pellucida; spores greenish-yellow. Male infl. gemmiform, th e bracts
fewer, oval, pointed, nerveless, paraphyses short.
H a b .— Sandstone and gritstone rocks, not very uncommon in Scotland,
N. of England, and Ireland. Fr. 7.
On rocks by the river at Rosslin, Edinburgh {Brown). Bilston burn {Maughan). Kirkcaldy
(C/m/z/ici-q. Arniston and Auchindenny woods Xmo^i). Rae hills
woods, Dumfries {fardine).
Common in Yorkshire as at Keb Clough, Todmorden {Nowell 1848)!! Rigg mill and
Goatliland beck, Whitby {Braithwaitc) ! ! Cronkley gill {Spruce) ! Healy hall,
Rochdale [Hobson). Ripon {Brunton). Dene at Twizell House, Berwick {Grcvillc),
and Lyham Dene {Boyd). Cornwood cascade and Fox-tor, Devon [Holmes). Hays
wood, Meavy (Fl. dev.). Ardingly, Sussex [Davies).
Irel.— Head of Kelly’s glen, Dublin, and near Ballycastle, Antrim 1835). Lough
Bray (Fl. Hib.).
Tetraphis ovata F unck is a state in wh ich the rad ica l frondiform lea ves
are short or a lto gether wanting.
Tetraphis repanda F unck is only a v a r ie ty o f G. Brownii, h a v in g the
mouth o f capsule s ligh t ly more emarginate, and sending from the roots