i
i l
i> I il
- I
A utoicous ; in wide lax deep green tu fts l in. high, subpulvinate,
with dense rufous tomentum, dicho tomously branched. L e a v e s patent,
more or less recurved above, oblong or ob ov ate-spathulate, the apex
rounded and emarginate, not bordered, or w ith a yellowish border of
rounded-hexag. pachydermous c e lls ; nerve rufous, excur rent in a
smooth or sligh tly denticulate, reflexed hyaline a rista ; basal ce lls lax,
hexagonal, pellucid, upper minute, opake, finely papillose, margin plane
above, s ligh tly recurved b e low ; perich. b ra c ts more a cuminate.
Cap s, on a stout purple seta, oblong or cylindraceous, s ligh tly curved,
pachydermous, deep brown, ann. double, lid paler, elongate conic , per.
pale red, contorted, tubula r in the lower third.
Male infl. axillar, sessile on a short b ranch, gemmiform, b ra cts
ovato-acuminate.
H a b .— Trunks of trees and rails, not uncommon ; sometimes on rocks.
Fr. 5— 6.
In appearance intermediate between the T, ruralis and T. muralis var. /?.,
from the former it is known by the smooth arista, brighter green colour and
larger areolation, from the latter by the tubular peristome.
T. lavipiUformis D e N ot. is a variety with the leaf distinctly bordered ;
Barhula pagorum Milde, a smaller obtuse leaved form, bearing numerous
oblong, pointed gemmæ in the axils of the leaves.
19. TORTULA MONTANA (Nees) Lindh.
Dio icous ; densely pulvinate, dull green. L e a v e s e recto-patent,
oblongo-spathulate, plane, obtuse, with a rough a rista, densely a r e o la
te. Cap s, subcylindric, tube o f per. short. (T. X X X I I I , A.)
S y n .— Syntriehia montana N e e s F lo r a li, P . I , 301 ( i8 i g ) .
Syntriehia intermedia Bri-d. B r y . u n iv . i, 5 8 6 ( 1 8 2 6 ) . J u r a t z . L a u bm . o e s t e r . -u n g . 144
( 18 8 2 ) .
Tortula ruralis $. erinita D e N o t . in M em . a c . T o r in . x l , 291 ( 18 3 8 ) , S y l la b . 1 7 1 (18 38),
M u s c . ita l. I, 3 6 , t. 15 ( 18 6 2 ) .
Barbula ruralis jj. rupestris B r . S c h im p . B r y . e u r . fa s c . 13— 1 5 , p. 43 ( 18 4 2 ). C . M u e l l .
S y n o p s . i, 640 ( 18 4 9 ) . S c h im p . S y n o p s . 192 ( i8 6 0 ) . F Iu s n . M o u s s . n o rd -o u e s t 87
{1873)-
Tortula ruralis j3. minor W i l s . B r y . b r it. 134 {1855) ; e t V a r . rupestris W i l s . in S u p p l.
Tortula intermedia B e r k . H a n d b . b r. m . 2 5 1 ( 18 6 3 ). L in d b . d e T o r t . 246 (1864). D e N o t .
E p i l. bri. ita l. 540 (18 6 9 ). H o b k . S y n . br. m . 7 1 {18 73 ).
Barbula intermedia M i l d e B r y . s ile s . 129 ( i8 6 g ) . S c h im p . S y n o p s . 2 ed. 22g (18 76 ).
Tortula montana L in d b . M u s c . s c a n d . 20 (18 7 9 ) .
Dio icous ; densely cæspitose, dull green and canescent above,
fuscous b e low ; stems short, dichotomous, fa stigia te. L e a v e s crowded,
erecto-patent, a little recurved at apex, appressed and sca rce curved
when dry, oblongo-spathulate, rounded or emarginate at apex, concav e
or nea r ly plane, margin ligh tly recurved up to middle, very minutely
crenulate, with a broad yellowish border and no pla its ; upper cells
very obscure, verruculose, only h alf the size o f those o f T . rurahs, basal
rectangular, d iap h ano u s ; nerve stronger, rufous, prolonged into a hair
less rough than th at o f T . ruralis. Caps, shorter on a shorter seta ; peristome
and its tube shorter, less d istin c tly tessella ted, paler, with only a
single spiral. Male plant more slender, inner b ra cts roundish-ovate,
con ca v e , nerve vanishing.
H ab.— Sunny limestone rocks and walls ; not uncommon. Fr. 4— 5.
Near Conway, Aber and Malham (Wilson) ! ! Stenton rocks, Dunkeld (Dr. B. White
1865) ! BrMge of Lochay (Hunt 1866) ! ! Thornton Gdl, Ingleton and Bol on bridge
(Hunt 1867) ! ! Witney, Oxon (Boswell 1878) 1 1 Levens and Syergh Fell (Barnes
1868) ! Mlllersdale, Bakewell and Chapel-en-le.Frith (Holt 1882) . . Angmering
(Davies 1863) 1 1 Dunslnko, Dublin (Orr 1857) 1 1 Castle Taylor. Galway (Moore).
Port Greenock, I. of Man {Holt 1881)! !
Readily distinguished from T. ruralis by the direction of the leaves and
smaller areolation, as well as by the short and dense tufts.
20. TORTULA RURALIS (L.) Ehrh.
D io icous ; tall, loosely matted. L e a v e s from an erect base, squarroso
recurved, ca rinate, oblong, obtuse, with a long spinulose arista.
Cap s, cyhndraceous, peristome v ery long, w ith a long tube.
(T. X X X I I I , B.)
Syn. - U uscus capuiaris feetormn, densis ‘f f “
longum desinentibus Ray Synops. St. br. 2 ed. 28 (1696), Hist. pl. 111, 34 (.1704).
Bryum crectis falcatis capitulis, trichodes, foliis latiusculis extanHbus, in pilum canescentem
desinentibus Diul.. Cab Giss. 224. t. 2 A - E (1719), m R** ®yn. 3 ed. 94 ( i7H)-
Bryum caule erecto, foliis refexis seta terminatis, capitulis falcatis L. Fl. lapp. 315 (1737)-
Bryum rurale unguiculatmi hirsutum elatius ct ramosins D i l l . Hist. musc. 352, t, 45,
f. 12 A— C (1741), et Herb.
Bryum rurale B. Sp. pl. i« 6 (1753), Syst. nat. ii, 701. H u b s F . a n 1 5
Neck. Meth. musc. 225 (1771)- W ith . Bot arr. veg. ■ 7 ^ 4 5
scot. ii,720 (1777)- K e lh . Fl. cant. 403 (1785)- H o f f m . Deutsch. fl. 11,
A bbot Fl. bedf. 790 (1798). Hull Br. fl. II, 265 {1799)-
Hypnum rurale W e is s Cr. goett. 210 (1770). Webek Fl. goett. 73 (1778).
M/u’h/h nira/g Swartz Meth. 27 (1781).
Barbula ruralis Hedw. Fund. II, 92 {178a), Sp. "wsc. 121 (1801) Roth. F¡-_g“ m 1 461
TrvfM 171 ,-npcr n TQ:» ÍI788). BRID. MuSC. reC. II, P- 1, IQq H790h
Lu sc I, 258 (1806). Roehl. Moosg. deutsch. 410 (iSoo). Bry S Í '
Mollia ruralis S c h r a n k Bayers, fl. 11, 45® (1780)- R'- Salisb. n. 831 (1792)-
Tortula ruralis EiiRii. Beitr. vii, 100 (1,92). S w a r t z Musc, suec. 39
ri i%'ir;hss,