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genera under the old names, Tortula being used for the species with
broad green leaves, and more or less opake areolation, Barbula for those
with narrow leaves, becoming rust coloured or yellow, and the cells
incrassated or dot-like. W e are thus able to bring under Barbula
mosses without peristomes to the fruit, but agreeing so closely in the
vegetative system with species of Barbula, that in a barren state it is
impossible to separate them— e.g., Gymnostomum curvirostre.
The teeth of the peristome in Tortmla consist of two rows of cells, which
are not on the same plane ; the inner series larger paler and transversely
striate on a minute scale, the outer more solid and reddish.
Clavis to the S pecies.
Teeth of peristome not united in a tube.
Nerve narrow, lamelliferous above.
Capsule ovate, gymnostomous. p u s i l l a .
■ subcylindric, peristome imperfect. la m e l la t a .
Nerve very broad, covered above with short jointed filaments.
Synoicous. b r e v i r o s t r i s .
Dioicous.
Calyptra reaching hali way down capsule. s t e l la t a .
------------ only covering lid.
Capsule erect, straight. c r i c y f o l i a .
--------- inclined, subincurved. a lo id e s .
Nerve free from appendages.
Nerve much thicker toward apex. a t r o v ir e n s .
thin and regular.
Leaves without a thickened border.
Leaves with plane margins, points not hoary.
Caps, oblong ; 1. broad, obovate mucronate. c u n e i f o l ia .
cylindric, 1. subspathulate, long-pointed. V a h l i i .
Leaves with recurved margins and hoary hair-points. m u r a l i s .
Leaves with a thickened border.
Plants short, simple, 1. acute, pointed m a r g h ia ta .
■-------- tall, branched, I. obtuse, mucronate. m u c r o n a ta .
Lower —-| of peristome forming a tesselated tube.
Nerve gemmiferous above. p a p i l lo s a .
Nerve smooth.
Stem short, leaves yellowish green.
Leaves piliferous, capsule oblong. c a n e s c e n s .
Leaves cuspidate, caps, cylindraceous.
Leaves broad, subspathulate, entire. s u b u la ta .
---------narrow, linear oblong, bluntly serrate. a n g u s ta ta .
Stem elongated, 1. dingy green or rufescent.
Leaves obtuse, emarginate. m u t i c a .
-------- piliferous.
Hair point smooth. I c e v ip ila .
------------ spinulose.
Leaves squarroso-recurved. r u r a li s .
--------- erecto-patent.
Dioicous, olivaceous green. m o n ta n a .
Synoicous, ferruginous. p r in c c p s .
Sect. I. D E SM A TO D O N (Brid.). Stems sh ort; leaves like those of
Pottia, often hair-pointed. Peristome a short basal tubular membrane, bearing
32 teeth, filiform, free or united at base by transverse bands, slightly
twisted or spirally contorted.
A . Pterygoneuron.
lamellae.
Nerve on the upper surface bearing 2 or 4 vortical
I . TORTELA PUSILLA (lied.) Mitt.
Autoicous. Lea ve s obovate, piliferous, concave, lamelligerous in the
upper part. Caps, ovate, gymnostomous. (T. X X X , C.)
S y n .— B r y um p u s i l lu m H e d w . Fund. musc. II, 32 ( 17 8 2 ) . R e l h . Fl. cant. 404 (1785).
L a i c h . Pl. eur. 484 ( 17 9 4). W i t h . Bot. arr. br. v e g . 3 ed. iii, 8 t t ( 17 9 6 ). A b b o t Fl.
bedf. 240 ( 17 9 8 ) . H u l l Br. fl. P. II, 256 (1799).
Gymnostomum pusillum H e d w . op. c . 87.
Gymn. ovatum H e d w . Stirp. cr. i,i6 , t. ö (1787), Sp. musc.31. R o th Tent. fl. germ, i, 453
(1788), iii, P. II, 123. T imm Fl. meg. n. 724 (1788). S c h r a n k Baiers. fl. 11, 438 (178g).
S i b t h . Fl. oxon. 272 (1794). H o f fm . Deutsch. fl. ii, 27 (1795). B r id . Musc. rec. II,
P. I, 40 (1798), Sp. musc. I, 31 (1806), Mant. 12 (1819), Bry. umv. i, 59 (1826). S w a r t z
Musc. suec. 20 (1799). R o e h l . Moosg. deutsch. 15 (1800), Ann. wett. ges. 1, 121,
Deutsch. fl. iii, 38 (1813). T u r n . Musc. hib. 9 (1804). Sm. Fl. brit. 1160 (1804) ; Eng.
bot. t. 1889. P. B e a u v . Prodr. 59 (1805). S c h u l t z Fl. starg. 279 (1806). W e b .
M o h r Bot. Tasch. 80 (1807). S c h k u h r Deutsch. kr. gew. P. II, 20, t. 9 (1810).
S c h w a e g . Suppl. I, P. I, 79 (1811). V o i t M u s c . herb. 15 (1812). W a h l e n b . Fl. carp.
33Ì (1814) ; Fl. ups. 390 (1820). M a r t . FL cr. erl. 420 (1817). H o o k . T a y l . M u s c . br.
II, t. 7 (1818). H a r tm . Skand. fl. 383 (1820). F u n c k Moost. 5, t. 4 (1821). H o o k .
Fl. scot. P. 2,- 122 {1821), Br. fl. ii, 8 (1833). G r a y Nat. arr. br. pl. i, 715 (1821).
Z e n k . D i e t r . M u s c . thur. II, n. 47 (1822). N e e s H o r n s c h . Bry. germ, i, 128, t. g, f.
5(1823). H u e b e n . Musc. germ. 36 (1833). M a c k . FL hib. P. 2, 10 (1836). D e N o t .
Syll. 284 {1838).
Pottia cavifoUa E h r h . Beitr. i, 187 { 17 8 7 ) . K u n z e Deutsch. cr. gew. 20 ( 1 7 9 5 ) . B r .
S c h . Bry. eur. f. 18— 20, p. 7, t. 2 (1843). C. M u e l l . Synops- i, 550 ( 18 4 9 ) . R a b e n h .
Deutsch. kr. fl. ii, s. 3, 96 ( 18 4 8 ). W i l s . Bry. br. 92, t. 7 (18 5 5 ) . S c h im p . Syn. 122
( i8 6 0 ) , 2 ed. 1 5 1 . B e r k . Handb. br. m. 269, t. 23, f. 2, e. (18 6 3 ). D e N o t . Fpil. 585
( 18 6 9 ) . M il d e Bry. s il. 95 (1869). H u s n . Mouss. nord-ouest. 64 (1873). L e s q . J am e s
Mosses N. Amer. lo i (1884).
Bryum ovatum D ic k s . Crypt. II, 4 (1790)-
Pottia ovata F u e r n r . in Flora x i i, P. II, Ergänz. 10 (1829).
Pottia pusilla Lindb. in Oefv. vet. ak. foerh. xx, 410 (1863) ; de Tort. 218 (1864). PIobk.
Syn. br. m. 55 (1873).
Tortula pusilla M i t t . Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. x i i, 165 (1869).
Ptcrigoneurum cavifoUum J u r a t z . Laubm. oester.-ung. 96 (1882).
Au toicou s; stems simple, short. Le a v e s obovate-oblong, very concave,
subimbricated, erecto-patent, crowded into a gem mu le ; nerve excurrent
as a hair o f variable length, bearing on the upper side two follicles which
burst and form 4 lamellm, decurrent on the nerve ; cells above quadrate,
at base rectangular. Caps, on a short red seta, ovate or elliptic, brown,
gymnostomous ; annulus o f two rows o f cells, lid shorter than caps,
obliquely ros te llate . Male infl. gemmiform a t base of fruiting shoot,
b ra c ts broadly ovate, nerved half-way.
H ab.— On banks and tops of walls. Fr. i— 3.
A very variable plant, in the length of the seta, and the hair-point to
the leaf, and so closely allied to the next species that it must be placed with
It, and therefore to be regarded as the connecting link between Pottia and
Tortula. Another of this group— T. subsessilis (B rid.) is found in central
Europe.
Var. ß. incana (Nses Hornsch.)
Plants short in small crowded tufts ; leaves with very long hair-points ;
capsule scarcely emergent, spheric-oval.