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i
(1850). D e N o t . Syllab. 304 (1838), Epil. bri. ital. 756 (1S69). F i e d l . Syn. Laubm.
meckl. 39 (1844). R a b e n h . Deutsch. kr. fl. ii, S. 3, 82 (1848). C. M u e l l . Syn. i, 25
(1S49). W i l s . Bry. brit. 31, t. 5 {1855). S c h im p . Synops. 16 (1S60). B e r k . Handb. br.
m. 299 (1S63). M i l d e Bry. siles. 93 (1869). J a e g . Ber. St. Gall. ges. 1869, p. 79.
H o b k . Syn. br. m. 28 {1S73). H u s n . M o uss. nord-ouest 34 (1872). J u r a t z . Laubm.
oester.-ung. 15 (1882). L e s q . J a m e s Mosses N . Amer. 42 (1884).
Bryum bulbifonne N e c k . Meth. musc. 230 (1771).
Phascum acaulon ¡3. jnajiis E h r h . Hann. mag. 1780, p. 235.
Pottia cuspidata M i t t . Ann. n. h . 2. se r . v iii , 3 1 1 ( 1S 5 1 ) .
Paroicous ; cæspitose and gregarious, deep green. Stem i — 4 lines
high, e re c t, simple or divided, occa sionally flagelliferous. L e a v e s
crowded, lowest minute, lanceolate, upper comant, much larger,
oblongo-lanc. nerve more or less excur rent in a rufous point, margin
quite entire, subrevolute in the upper h a lf ; a reolation lax, elongate
rhombic and hyaline at base, subquadrate and chlorophyllose at apex,
minutely papillose. Caps, usually several on the same plant, on a very
short straight pedicel, immersed, or on a curved pedicel emerging
la tera lly , globose, apiculate, rufo-castaneous ; cal. cu cu lla te , pale,
rea ching middle o f caps. Spores fuscous, v ery finely granular. Male
in axils o f comal leaves, w ith one bra c t and few antheridia.
Hab.— On clay in stubble fields and banks ; common. Fr. i— 3.
Var. ¡3. piliferum (Schreb.).
Smaller ; leaves crowded, subconnivent, rufescent, the nerve excurrent
in a long filiform point ; caps, large, immersed.
S y n .— Phascnm piliferum S c h r e b . de Phasco 8, t. i , fgg. 6— lo. D i c k s . Crypt, fasc. II, i.
T imm . Fl. meg. n. 717. H o f fm . ii, 19. S w a r t z . M . suec. 17. H u l l Br. fl. 252. R o t h
Germ, iii, n o . H e d w . Sp. musc. 20. Sm. Fl. brit. 1151 ; Eng. Bot. t. 1888. B r i d e l ,
S c h u l t z , W e b . M o h r , lS:c. N e e s H o r n s c h . Bry. germ. 65, t. 6.
Phas. cuspidatum (3. piliferum H o o k . T a y l . M u s c . br. 8.
H ab.— B are sandy ground, especially by the sea, in uniform patches.
Yarmouth (Tiirnfr) ! Cobham, Kent (SraiMzeio/fr 1850) !! Penzance (Cwnioie;) ! ! Crosby
[Marratt i860) ! Middleton, Sussex [Davies 1864) ! Blackhead, Belfast [Stewart 1884) ! !
Var. y. Schreberi (Dicks.) Brid.
Stem tall, repeatedly divided above ; leaves longer, distant, the comal
patent ; capsule emerging.
S y n .— Phascum Schreberlanum D i c k s . Crypt, fasc. IV, 2. S m . P'l. br. 1155 ; Eng. Bot. t. 2026.
R o e h l i n g .
Phas. cusp. SchrcberianuM B r id . Sp. musc. 1 ,9 ; Mant. 8; Bry.univ. 1,42. N e e s
H o r n s c h . Bry. g e rm , i, 72 , t. 7 , f. 18.
Phase, affine N e e s H o r n s c h . B r y . g e rm . 7 4 , t. 7, f ig . 19.
H ab. — On rich damp soil.
Brighton (Borrer) ! ! Darlington [Backhozise).
Var. 0. curvisetum [Dicks.].
Stem tallish,- generally divided ; leaves erecto-patent, aristate ; caps,
emerging on a geniculate pedicel.
S y n .— P h a s c um c u r v i s e t u m D i c k s . Crypt, fa s c . IV, 2, t. 10, f. 4. Sm. Fl. br. 1 15 4 ; Eng. Bot. t.
22 5g. T u r n . M u s c . hib. B r id . Sp. m u s c .
Phase, elatum B r id . in S c h r a d . Journ. 1800, II, 26g ; B r y . univ. i, 45. W e b . M o h r Bot.
Tasch. 68. S c h w g n . Suppl. I, P. I, 8, t. i. N e e s H s c h . Bry. germ, i, 75, t. 7, f. 20.
Phas. cusp. y . curviseUim N e e s H s c h . Bry. germ, i, 72, t. 7, f. i8**. B r i d . Bry. univ. i, 42.
I ' I a b .— On heaths, not common.
Croydon (DfrAsoji). Bedford Henfield (Dniifrs 1868) !! Coleshill Heath
This common moss varies much in size, so that numerous forms are met
with. The greatest deviation from its ordinary aspect is when it throws out
several innovations and becomes branched from the base.
2. PHASCUM PLOERKEI Weh. Mohr.
P a ro icou s; leaves ovate, gradually acuminate, patulous, margin
revolute, entire, nerve thick excurrent. Caps, ros tellate. (T. X X V I I , K.)
S y n .— Phasctim Floerkeanum W e b . M oh r Bot. Tasch. 70 & 451 (1807). S c h k u h r Deutsch.
kr. gew. P. 2, 5, t. 2 (1810). S c h w a e g r . Suppl. I, P. I, 3, t. 3 (1811). R o e h l . Deutsch.
fl. iii, 32 (1813). B r id . Mant. 5 {1819); Bry. univ. i, 26 (1826). F u n c k Moost. 2, t. i
(1821). N e e s H o r n s c h . Bry. germ, i, 52, t. 5, f. 10 (1823). H u e b e n . Musc. germ. i i
(1833). B r . S c h im p . Bry. eur. fasc. i, p. 8, t. 3 (1837). L e N o t . Syllab. 303 (1838),
Epil. bri. it. 736 (1869). W i l s . Eng. Bot. t. 2887 (1844), Bry. brit. 30, t. 37 (1855).
R a b e n h . Deutsch. kr. fl. ii, s. 3, 80 (1848). H o b k . Syn. br. m. 28 (1873). H u s n . M ouss.
nord-ouest. 33 (1873).
Phase, minutum R o e h l . Ann. wetter, ges. i, 185 (i8og).
Acaulon Floerkeanum C. M u e l l , in Bot. Zeit. v, 99 (1847) ; Synops. i, 2i {1848). B r u ch
S c h im p . Bry. eur. fasc. 42, t. 2 (1849).
Schistidium Floerk. M i t t , in Ann. nat. hist. 2 ser. viii, 311 (1851).
MicrobryumFloerk. S ch im p . Synops. 11 (i86o). L in d b . de Tort. 216 (1864). J a e g . Ber.
St. Gall. ges. 1869. p. 74. J u r a t z . Laubm. oester.-ung. 87 (1882). L e s q . J a m e s Mosses
N . Amer. 45 (1884).
Paroicou s; minute, scattered, gemmaceous, rufescent. L e a v e s erecto-
patent, lower very small ovate nerveless, upper ovato-acuminate, con cave,
somewhat recurved at points, minutely papillose at back towards
apex, cuspidate with the stout, reddish, excurrent n e r v e ; margins
slightly reflexed above, entire or subcrenulate towards p o in t ; basal
cells hexagono-rectangular la x pellucid, upper rhombic incrassate.
Caps, reddish-brown, immersed, globose-ovate, pachydermous, with a
th ick obtuse p o in t ; ca l. somewhat conical, rarely c le ft a t side, dilated
and torn at b a s e ; spores pale. Antheridia naked in axils o f upper
leaves, occa sion ally in distinct plants on the same protonema, bracts
acuminate, ovate nerveless.
H a b .— Clay fields ; not common. Fr. i i — 2.
Durham coast between Sunderland and S. Shields [Bowman 1840) ! ! Ravensworth
castle, by the Team [Thornhill) ! Sussex, Newtimber [Borrer 1S45) ! Hurstpierpoint
and Woolsonbury bill (ilMcn 1845) 1 1 Aldrington (Davies 1S5O) 1 ! Castle Howard
(Spruce). Conway (Wilson 1861) ! ! Llansaintfraid IWilson 1S64). Wolvercott,
Oxford [Bostvell 1867) ! !
Var. /3. badium [Voit] Brid.
Leaves longer, narrower, brownish ; caps, smaller ovate, badious.
S y n .— Phascum badium V o it Musc. herb. 7 (1812). N e e s H o r n s c h . Bry. germ. 1, 53, t. 5. f.
I I . B r id . Bry. univ. i, 27. H u e b e n , I.e. J a e g . op. c. 75.
Phase. Floerkeanum jd. badium B r id . Mant. 5.
H a b .— Occasionally found with the typical form.
Buhner near York (S/-r»cc 1844). Hurstpierpoint ! !