Crlbrose, perforated like a sieve.
Crinitns, tipped with long, weak hairs.
Crisped, críspate, frizzled, curled and twisted in
various ways.
Cristate, crested, or having an elevated notched
ridge.
Crocens, orange-yellow.
Cruciate, arranged like a cross.
Crura, legs.
Cncullate, hooded, the apex curved inward like
a slipper.
Cultriforni, knife shaped.
Cuneate, wedge shaped.
Cuspidate, tapering gradually into a rigid point.
Cuticular, belonging to the cuticle or outer skin.
Cyathiform, cup shaped.
Cycle, the turn of a spiral in leaf order.
Cygneous, curved like a swan’s neck.
Cyinbiform, boat shaped.
Dcalbatus, whitened.
DecUnaie, descending in an arched form.
Decumbent, reclining on the ground and rising
again at apex.
Dccurrent, applied to leaves when the lamina
runs down the stem below the point of at.
tachment.
Dcflexed, bent downward through the whole
length.
Dehiscence, mode of bursting.
Deltoid, triangular.
Dendroid, tree-Hke.
Z)cKííTíí, toothed, having sharp teeth with con-
cave edges.
Denticulate, minutely toothed.
Denúdate, bared of leaves.
Deoperculate, freed from the lid.
Depauperate, starved or imperfectly developed.
Dependent, hanging down.
Depressed, flattened horizontally.
Descending, directed gradually downward.
Diaphanous, transparent.
Diaphragm, a partition.
Diphotomous, forked, divisions in pairs.
Diffuse, spreading widely.
Digitate, divided like fingers.
Dimidiate, split on one side.
Dimorphous, of two forms.
Dioicous, male and female infl. on separate
plants.
Diplo, in comp, double.
Discoid, like a flat plate.
Dispositio, arrangement of leaves in spirals on
the stem, e.g. disp. f means that three com-
plete turns will pass through 8 leaves.
Distichous, in two opposite rows.
Diyaricate, straggling, spreading widely apart.
Divisural line, the line down the teeth of a
peristome, through which they split.
Divergent, spreading outward from the centre.
Dorsal, on the back or posterior.
Echinate, with rigid bristles.
Echlorophyllose, without chlorophyl.
Ecostate, without a nerve.
Edentate, without teeth.
Elaters, spiral threads with the spores in
Hepatic®.
Elliptic, long oval, equally rounded at both ends.
Emarginate, notched at end.
Eniersed, protruding upward.
Endostome, the internal peristome.
Endothecium, endothecal membrane, the internal
lining of the capsule.
Enervis, without a nerve.
Ensiform, sword shaped.
Entire, free from any marginal division.
Epidermis, the cuticular or outer layer of cells.
Epiphragm, the dilated top of the columella in
the Polytrichace®.
Epiphyllous, growing on leaves.
Equal, the two sides symmetric.
Equitant, in two rows, with the bases sheathing
those above.
Erase, irregularly notched as if gnawed,
Exannulatc, without an annulus.
Exasperate, roughened.
Excurrcnt, running out beyond the lamina.
Exospore, the investing cell of the spore.
Exostome, the outer peristome.
Exothecium, the outer membrane of the capsule.
Exserted, elevated above the surrounding parts.
Falcate, sickle shaped.
Fascicle, a bunch of leaves on a very short
branch.
Fasciculate, collected in small bundles.
Fastigiate, all the branches reaching an equal
height.
Fenestrated, perforated.
Fertile, bearing fruit.
Jid, in comp: cleft.
Fibrillce, fine threads.
Filiform, thread-like.
Fimbriate, fringed with processes.
Fissile, tending to split.
Flahelliform, fan shaped.
Flaccid, flabby,
FlagelUform, like the thong of a whip.
Flavesccnt, becoming yellow.
Flexuose, bending inward and outward.
Foramen, a small hole.
Forcipate, curved in like nippers.
Fornicate, arched.
Foveolate, pitted.
Fugacious, disappearing quickly.
Fulvous, tawny.
Funiform, like a rope.
Furcate, forked.
Furfuraceous, scurfy with little scales.
Fuscescent, tending to fuscous.
Fuscous, brown tinged with blackish.
Fusiform, spindle shaped.
Gamophyllous, having united leaves.
Geminate, in pairs,
Gemmaceous, like a small bud.
Gemma, budlike bodies capable of becoming
• plants.
Geniculate, bent like a knee.
Gibbous, very convex or tumid.
Glabrous, smooth.
Glaucescent, faintly glaucous.
Glaucous, covered with bluish white bloom.
Gonidia, cells filled with green granules.
Granulated, rough on the surface,
Gregarious, growing associated but not matted
together,
Gymnostomous, without a peristome.
Gyncecium, the female inflorescence.
Gyrate, circinate.
Habit, general aspect o f a plant.
Habitat, situation where a plant grows.
Hamate, hamulose, curved like a hook.
Hastate, halbert shaped.
Helicoid, twisted spirally.
Hcteromallous, the leaves or branches turned in
different directions.
Heteromorphous, of different forms.
Hirtus, covered with weak hairs.
Hispid, covered with rigid hairs.
Histology, the study of tissues.
Homodromous, when the leaf spirals run in a
uniform direction.
Homomallous, the leaves or branches turned to
one side.
Homomorphous, of like form.
Hyaline, clear as glass.
Hygrométrie, moving by influence of moisture,
applied to the set® or teeth of peristome.
Hypogynous, below the female.
Hypophysis, an inflated part under the capsule.
Imbricated, overlapping like tiles.
hnmarginatc, not margined.
Immersed, covered by the surrounding parts.
Incanus, hoary.
Included, not extending beyond the surrounding
organs.
Incrassate, thickened by internal deposit.
Incumbent, lying upon.
Indéhiscent, not opening spontaneously.
Indumentum, clothing or covering.
Inflexed, bent inward.
Innovation, an annual shoot or extension of stem.
Insertion, mode of attachment.
Intcgcrrimus, quite entire.
Internodes, spaces between the joints.
Invohite, rolled inward.
Irregular, unsymmetric.
f uga, pairs of opposite leaves.
fulaceous, smooth slender and cylindric.
Lacinia, small shreds,
Laciniate, cut or slashed.
Lacuna, hollows,
Late-virens, bright green.
Lavigatus, polished.
Lamella, small plates.
Lamina, the expansion of a leaf exclusive of
nerve.
Lanceolate, narrowly elliptic and tapering to
each end.
Lateral, attached to the side.
Lanuginose, woolly.
Lenticular, compressed like a double convex
lens.
Leptodermous, thin coated, applied to capsules
when soft and pliable,
Ligulate, strap shaped.
Linibatus, bordered by a part of another colour.
Linear, narrow, with the margins parallel.
Lingulate, tongue shaped.
Loricate, equally narrow throughout.
Lumen, the internal space or cavity of a cell.
Lunulate, crescent shaped.
Luridus, dirty brown.
Lutescent, pale yellow.
Manimillar, hemispherical with a projecting
papilla.
Marginal, at the edge.
Marginatus, having a border of cells different
in form or colour.
Median, in the middle.
Membranaceous, thin and semi-transparent.
Mitrform, torn equally at base.
Monilform, like a necklace of beads.
Monoicous, male and female infl. separate but
on the same plant.
Mucro, a short, abrupt point continued from the
nerve.
Mucronate, provided with a mucro.
Mncronulate, with a very small mucro.
Mnltijugous, having many pairs of leaves.
Muricatc, rough with sharp prominences.
Muticous, pointless.
Naked, without any appendages.
Navicular, boat shaped.
Neck, see collum.
Nerve, the midrib of a leaf.
Nidulant, nestling loosely.
Nitidus, smooth and polished.
Nodose, knobbed.
Nodulose, thickened into little knobs.
Nutant, nodding, hanging with the apex down-
wards.
Oh- - , in comp, inversely, as obovate, inversely
ovate.
Oblong, elliptic, obtuse at each end, with the
longitudinal diameter 3— 4 times the transverse.
Obsolete, scarcely apparent.
Obtuse, terminating gradually in a rounded end.
Obtusiusculus, rather obtuse.
Ochraceous, brov^ish yellow.
Ochrea, a thin sheath round the seta, terminating
the vaginula.
oid o r oidcs, in comp, like, as mnioid,
like the genus Mnium.
Oosphere, the central cell of the archegonlum.
Operculum, the lid which closes the capsule.
Orbicular, circular.
Oval, elliptic and about twice as long as broad.
Ovate, elliptic with the lower end broader.
Pachydennoîis, thick coated, applied to the
walls of capsules or to cells when firm and
resisting.
Pagina, the expanded surface of the leaf.
PaJlescent, palish.
Palmate, 5-lobed from a centre.
Pandxiratc or pandurform, fiddle shaped, obovate
with a sinus at each side.
Papilla, small rounded prominences.
Paraphylla, small foliaceous organs between
the leaves, sometimes much cut or branched.
Paraphyses, succulent jointed threads growing
with the reproductive organs.
Parenchymatoxis, cells with transverse ends.
Parietal, attached to the wall.
Paroicous, ^ and $ in the same infl. ^
naked in the axils of lower bracts.
Patent, spreading at an angle of 26®— 45°
Patulous, „ ,, 46®— 90°
Pectinate, comb-like.
Peduncle or pedicel, the fruit stalk.
Penicillate, like a hair pencil,
Percurrent, running through the entire length,
Pcriandra, the bracts of male inflorescence.
Pericarp, the wall of the capsule.
Perichatium, the involucre surrounding the base
of the fruit stalk, the separate leaves are
perichætial bracts.
Perigonium, the involucre of male inflorescence.
Pcrigynium, the involucre of female inflorescence.
Peristome, the teeth round the mouth of capsule.
Persistent, remaining a long time.
Phyllotaxis, the order of arrangement of leaves.
Pilferous, ending in a fine weak point or hair.
Pinnate, having branches on two opposite sides.
Pistillidia, same as archegonia.
Plane, flat.
Plctirocarpous, producing fruit from the side of
stem.
Plicate, plaited.
Plumose, feathery.
Polymorphous, of many forms.
Pore, a small aperture.
Posticus, outward or behind.
Predominant, very conspicuous.
Primordial utricle, the first layer deposited
within the cell.
Processes, divisions.
Procumbent, spreading on the ground.
Proembryo, the first growth from the spore.
Prolfcrous, bearing an excessive development
of parts.
Proscnchy matous, composed of cells with pointed
ends.
Prothallium, an expanded frondiform proembryo.
Protonema, a branched filamentous proembryo.
Protoplasm, the formative material in living
cells.