( 1 . I
Brvnin ercctis loiigis et acutis falcatis capituUs, calyptra subfusca. foliis serpylli pellucidis
biLL. Cat. Giss. 223 {1719), et in R a y . Syn. 3 ed. 92 (1724).
Bryum capsulis loitgis subulatis DiLL. Hist. musc. 350. t. 45, fig. 10 (1741), et Herbar.
Brviim subulatum L. Sp. pl. ii, 1116 (1753), Syst. Nat. ii, 701. H u d s . Fl. angl. 405
(1762). W e i s s Crypt. goett. 187 (1770). N e c k . Meth. musc. 194 (1771). W i t h . Bot.
arr. br. veg. li, 672 (1776). L i c h t e . Fl. scot. ii, 719 {1777). W e b . Fl. goett. gg (1778).
CuRT. FL Lond. fasc. 3, t. 66 (1778). R e l h . Fl. cant. 402 (1785). H o e fm . Deutsch.
fl. ii, 46 (1795). A b b o t . Fl. bedf. 242 (1798). H u l l Br. fl. P. 2, 263 (1799). Fl. Dan.
t. looû, f. 2.
Mnium subulatuiu Sw. Meth. musc. 28 (17S1).
Tortula subulata H e d w . Fund, ii, 92 (1782), Sp. musc. 122, t. 37 (iSoi). R o t h Fl.
germ, i, 461 (17S8). Timm Fl. meg, 220 (1788). S i d t h . Fl. o x o n . 284 (1794). B r id .
Musc. rec. I l, P. I, 184 (1798). S w a r t z Musc. suec. 39 (1799). R o e h l , Moosg.
deutsch, 384 (1800), Deutsch, fl. iii, 77 (1813). Sm. Fl. brit. iii, 1255 (1804), Eng. Bot.
t. i io i . T u r n . Musc. hib. 44 {1S04). S c h w a k g . Suppl. I, P. I, 135, t. 34 (i8ti).
W a h l e n b . Fl. lapp. 316 (1S12), Fl. carp. 337 (1814). H o o k . T a y l . musc. br. 31, t. 12
(1S18), G r .a y Nat. arr. br. pl. i, 723 (1S21). H o o k . Fl. S c o t. P. 2, 127 (1821),
Br. fl. ii, 45 (1833). M.a ck . Fl. hib. P. 2 , 26 (1836). D e N o t . in Mem. acc. Torin. x l,
293, et Syllab. 173 (1838), Musc. ital. I. 46, L ai (1862), Epil. bri. ital. 545 (i86g).
W i l s . Bry. brit. 132, t. 12 (1853). B e r k . Handb. br, m. 252 (1863). L in d b . de Tort.
242 (1S64). H o b k . Syn. br. m. 72 (1873).
Molila subulata Schrank Bayers. Fl. ii, 455 (178g}, Fl. Salisb. n. 830 (1792).
Barbula subulata P. B e a u v . Prodr. 43 (1805) et in Mem. Soc. Lînn. Par. i, t. 6, f. 2 {1822).
B r id . Sp. musc. I, 267 ( i8o5). S c h u l t z Fl. starg. 305 (1806). B r . S c h . Bry. eur.
fasc. 13— 13, Mon. 36, t. 21 {1842). R.a b e n h . Deutsch. kr, fl. ii, S. 3, 110 (1848).
C. M u e l l . Synops. I, 623 (1S49). S c h im p . Synops. 1S6 (i860), 2 ed. 223. M i l d e Bry.
siles. 125 (i86g). H u s n . Mouss. nord-ouest. 86 (1873). L e s q . J a m e s Mosses
N. Amer. 130 (1884).
Syntriehia subulata W e b . M o h r . Bot. Tasch. 214 {1807). V o it Musc, herb, 53 (1812).
M.a r t . Fl. cr. erl. 87 (1817). B r id . Mant. 97 (1819), Bry.univ. 1,579 (1826). S c h u l t z
Recens. 226, t. 34, f. i A (1823). H u e b e n . M usc . germ. 335 (1833).
Desmatodon subulatus J u r a t z . Laubm, o e s te r r .-u n g , 13S (1882).
A u to ico u s ; la x iy cæspitose, robust, bright green, short, simple or
branched. Le a v e s rosaceous, erecto-patulous, obovato- and spathulate-
oblong, mucronate with the excurrent nerve, entire or ob scurely serrate
a t apex, subundulate, with the margin plane and a y e llow border o f
narrow pachydermous cells, more or less d istinct or wanting ; c e lls at
base la x, rectangular, hyaline, above opake, chlorophyllose, finely
papillose. Ca lyp tra large, brownish, caps, on a stout reddish seta
twisted to the left, e longated, cy lin draceous, subarcuate, brown,
pachydermous, lid narrowly conic, annulus o f a double series o f ce lls ;
tube o f per. v ery long, pa le red, obliquely quadrately tessella ted, teeth
red.
Male infl. gemmiform, on a short la teral branch, b ra cts o v ato -lanc .,
th e nerve vanishing.
H a b .— Sandy banks by roadsides and hedges ; common. Fr. 5— 5.
Var. ß. subinermis [Br. Sch.).
Dull green ; leaves dense, oblong and ovato-lanceolate, mucronate,
indistinctly bordered ; caps, shorter on a shorter pedicel.
S y n .— Barbula subulata Var. subinermis B r . S c h im p . Bry. eur. Mon. 37.
Tortula subulata Var. ß. subinermis W i ls . Bry. brit. 132.
H a b .— Shady places and on stumps of trees.
Thelwall, Warrington (Wilson 1843) ! Largo, Fife (Howie 1873) 1 ! New Forest
(Lyell). Dailly, Ayrshire (Schimper).
T. subulata is easily recognized by its broad pale green leaves and long
capsules, but varies considerably in the marginal cells of the leaves. T.
miicronifolia S c h w a e g . has not been recorded as British, but appears to be only
a variety of subulata with a shorter capsule and smooth leaves. T. inermis
M o n t . is a closely allied species, with oblong obtuse muticous leaves, strongly
revolute at the margin, and more minutely areolate ; it should be sought for
in the S .W . of England, as it is found in France and Portugal.
TOUTUIA ANGUSTATA Wils.
A utoicous ; resembling T . subulata, but more slender. L e a v e s
lanceolate, a cute , w ith a narrow thickened border, obtusely serrate
above. Caps, cy lind ric , narrow, subarcuate. (T . X X X I I , C.)
S y n .— T o r t u la a n g u s t a t a W iL S . MSS, L i n d b , de Tort. 243 (1864), et Musc. Scand. 20 (1879).
Barbula subulataYar. S. angustata S c h im p . Syn. 2 ed. 224 (1876).
Desmatodon subulatus Var. ¡3. augustatus J u r a t z . Laubm. oesterr.-ung. 138.
A utoicous ; resembling T . subulata, but more slender. Lea ve s
narrowly ovato-lanceola te, tap er ing into a v ery a cute point, erecto-
p a tent when moist, e re c t and less twisted when dry, subserrated
toward apex, margin incra ssate, o f very long narrow hyaline smooth
cells. C a lyp tra more g los sy ; seta longer and more slender, twisted to
the right below, to the le ft a b o v e ; caps, paler, suberect, long, narrowly
cylindric, per. paler, tubular for three-fourths its length, lid longer and
more acute.
H ab.— Moorland banks, rare. Fr. 3— 4.
Castle mill, Ringway, Cheshire (Wilson 1833) ! Clifton Scope, York (Spruce 1843} ! 1
Although generally regarded as a variety of subulata, this moss has all
the appearance of a distinct species, and this view the characters and figures
here given will we think sufficiently confirm.
Sect. 3. S Y N T R IC H IA (Brid.). Stems tall, branched ; leaves large,
oblong, obtuse, the nerve usually piliformi-aristate. Peristome tubular
below, striato-tessellate.
16. TORTULA MUTICA Lindb.
D io ico u s ; cæspitose, dark dull green. L e a v e s spathulate-ovate,
obtuse, emarginate, nerved to apex. Caps, cylindraceous, annulus
simple, peristome tubular in lower third part. (T. X X X I I , D.)
S y n . — S y n t r i e h i a loe v ip i la Var. / f . m u t i c a S c h u l t z Recens. Barb, et Syntr. 230, t. 34, f. 4 B
(1823), B r i d . Bry. univ. i, 836 (1827).
Syntriehia latifolia B r u c h Flora vii, P. 2, p. 761 (1824). H u e b e n . M u s c . germ. 342
(1833). A h n f . in F r i e s Fl. scand. 240 (1835). J u r a t z . Laubm. oest.-ung. 142 (1882).