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173. C. pithyophila Gill. (Gr. pitus, pine, philos, loving) a b c .
Persistently white.
P. plano-umbilicate, thin, hygrophanous. St. somewhat hollow,
tomentose at base. G. adnato-decurrent, very crowded.
Gregarious or subcæspitose. Odour pleasant. Pine-woods ; frequent.
Sept.-Nov. 2| X f X A 'I*' Must not be confounded with 206.
174. C. tornata Quél, (from its shape ; torno, to turn on a lathe) a.
P. gibbous; mid. fleshy. St. stuffed, pubescent at base. G.
adnate with a decurrent tooth, very crowded.
Odour none. Woods, amongst grass, by decayed stumps, elm. Oct.
2 X 2 X i in. Always small.
175. C. eandieans Quél, (candicans, shining-white) a b c.
P. mid. not fleshy. St. somewhat hollow. G. adnato-decurrent,
crowded.
Odour of new meal. Woods, amongst damp leaves ; common. July-Nov.
X I | X 4 in. Must not be confounded with 176.
176. C. dealbata Gill, {dealbatus, whitewashed) a b c.
P. not fleshy. St. stuffed or hollow. G. adnate or adnato-
decurrent, crowded.
Odour sweet, weak, pleasant, mealy but fungoid. Woods and pastures,
sometimes on old mushroom-beds ; common. July-Nov. 24 X i f X | in.
Some small, delicate forms, var. minor Sacc., are at times confounded
with 175.
177. C. gallinacea Gill, (from its colour, like a hen’s egg ; gallina,
a hen) a b c.
St. solid. G. adnato-decurrent, crowded.
In troops, sometimes in rings, amongst grass. Taste slightly fetid-acrid;
odour strong, earthy. Woods and pastures, amongst grass and moss ;
common. Sept.-Nov. i f X i j X i in.
b. Dipformes.
178. C. ampia Gill, {amplus, large) a b.
P. fleshy, somewhat silky, sooty or ochreous-brown. St. white
or brownish-white. G. decurrent or sinuato-adnate and toothed.
Flesh fibrous.
Tasteless ; odour none. Woods, amongst moss. Sept.-Nov. 6f X 3| X i f in.
178a. C. molybdina Gill, (from the dark, lead-coloured pileus ; Gr.
molubdaina, lead-ore) a.
P. fleshy, campanulate, expanded, umbonate, even, glabrous;
marg. thin, somewhat dark sooty-umber; mid. sooty-buff.
St. solid, stout, fibroso-striate, mealy-squamulose above, pallid
or yellowish salmon-white, white at base. G. adnate, broad,
pale yellowish-salmon.
Cæspitose. Woods. Autumn. 54 X 6| X f in. With the general appearance
of 458 (var. eximius), but the adnate gills and white spores very
different.
179. C. deeastes Quél, (from its growing in clusters of about ten;
Gr. dekas, a company of ten) a b.
P. very thin, of two easily separable strata, tan-grey or tan.
St. whitish. G. adnato-decurrent, subdistant, white.
Cæspitose, in clusters of about one foot in diam. Woods, oak, beech, bypaths,
plantations, gardens, orchards, on sawdust. Oct.-Nov. 9 X 4IX ^ in.
Must not be confounded with 130.
180. C. subdeeastes Sacc. (from its affinity with 179) a b.
P. very thin, campanulate, smooth, even, ivory-white; mid.
ochreous. St. silky-fibrous, shining-white. G. rounded,
crowded, thin, white.
Cæspitose. Taste and odour none. On the ground. Sept. 3i X 54 X 4 in.
181. C. aggregata Gill, (from its growing in clusters; aggregatus,
collected together) a c.
P. gibbous, then depressed, not fleshy, often excentric, grey or
dull ochreous. St. whitish. G. subdecurrent, crowded, pale
ochreous or flesh-colour.
Odour strong. Woods, oak, on sawdust, mushroom-beds. July-Oct.
34 X 34 X f in. Becoming rufous-stained.
182. C. elixa Karst, (from its sodden condition in wet weather ;
elixus, soaked) a b.
P. gibbous, very fleshy, hygrophanous, sooty-brownish or greyish,
becoming pale. St. pallid brownish. G. decurrent, distant,
white.
In troops. Woods ; frequent. Oct.-Nov. 4J X 2j x | in. Very bibulous,
becoming saturated with moisture ; heavy and brittle in wet or frosty
weather, breaking with its own weight.
183. C. fumosa Quél, (from its smoky colour ; fumus, smoke) a b c.
P. subgibbous, then plane, greasy-looking brown to lividwhitish
; mid. sometimes slightly scurfy as in 69. St. whitish
or brownish. G. rounded, adnate, or decurrent, crowded,
greyish- or brownish-white, or yellowish-olive-white.
Gregarious or cæspitose in groups a foot or more in diam. Suspected
poisonous. Tasteless or insipid ; odour strong, fungoid, or none. Woods,
often on wood-ashes, old sawdust, amongst grass, on rubbish-heaps, on
earth where trees have been felled ; uncommon. June-Nov. 4jX 2f x | i n .
Often in company with 277 and 1374.
184. C. tumulosa Sacc. (from the mound-like appearance of the
connate groups ; tiimuhis, a mound) a b.
P. gibbous, umber becoming pale. St. floccoso-pruinose, white.
G. subdecurrent, crowded, white to livid grey.
Larger forms laxly cæspitose, smaller, densely cæspitose. Woods, Sept.
34 X 3 i X i in.
185. C. pergamena Mass. (from its colour, like parchment, pergamena)
a.
P. umbonate, at first brown. St. solid, with a brittle cartila-
genous bark. G. broadly sinuato-decurrent.
Cæspitose. Stumps. Oct. 2 x 5 X A in. The habitat and cartilaginous
bark point to Collybia rather than Clitocybe.
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