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2 0 2 AGARICACEÆ Coprinus
attenuate upwards, annulate, volvate or simple, confluent with or
distinct from the hymenophore. Gills membranous, linear or
ventricose, at first white and closely pressed together, cohering,
scissile, at length melting into black fluid. Trama obsolete. Spores
oval, even, black or dark brown. (Fig. 5 1 .)
The species are of rapid growth, often ephemeral. They grow
on rich and highly manured places in fields, parks, gardens and near
hurnan habitations, often on dung, sometimes on decaying wood
rotting straw, etc. Some are edible. Species 9 2 1 -9 6 3
/ Q Massee, in a revision of the genus (Ann. Bot. x.
( i» 9öh p. 123), establishes new sectional characters, and the sequence
ot the species, as here given, is somewhat altered.
P elliculosæ. ^ Pileus with a pellicle no t opening into furrows over
the gills, bu t becoming torn an d revolute.
a. Comatoe Pileus slightly fleshy, a t first ovate, the cuticle torn
into large or small scales from the concrete veil; margin
striate or sulcate. Stem annulate, volvate or both. Gills
free or remote. 921__.925
b. Atramentariæ. Pileus slightly fleshy, a t first ovate, d o tted or
spotted with innate scurfy squamules from the veil. Stem
imperfectly ridged-annulate at the base. Gills free.
926—928
A Picaceoe. Pileus submembranous, at first continuous, then
broken up into usually large flocculose superficial scales
warts m 932. Stem simple. Gills free. 929__932
d. TomeMosce. Pileus membranous, at first evanescent-floccose
OT Ip ly villous from the veil, margin striate. Stem simple.
Gills, except 936, free. 933__93-7
A Micaceæ. Pileus membranous, covered with fine, evanescent
scurf and minute glittering particles from the veil, margin
striate or sulcate. Stem simple, or with a slight basal
annular ridge. Gills reaching the stem, adn ex ed in 938.
938—941
/ . GlaWatcB. Pileus membranous, smooth ; margin striate ; veil
obsolete. Stem simple, smooth. 942—946
V eliformes. Pileus very thin, without a pellicle, opening into
furrows over the gills and becoming plicato-sulcate. Veil
present. Stem thin, fistulose. Gills melting into thin
black lines. 947—963
g- . Pileus membranous, striate. Stem annulate or
volvate. Gills free. 947^ 943
h. Lanatulm. Pileus submembranous to membranous, clothed
with superficial, separating floccules. Stem simple. Gills
free or remote. 949— 955
'li:
Coprinus AGARICACEÆ 203
i. Furfurelloe. Pileus micaceous or furfuraceous, striate or sulcate.
Stem simple. Gills adnate, adnexed, free or remote.
956—961
j . Plemerohice. Pileus smooth. Stem simple. 962
k Basipedes. Pileus flocculose. Stem dilated, disc-like at the
base. 963
P elliculosæ.
a. Comatoe.
921. C. eomatus Pers. (from the shaggy pileus ; coma, a hair) a b.
P. cylindrical, then expanded, white; sc. large. St. fibrillose,
white. A. ragged, movable, evanescent. Vo. adnate, almost
obsolete. G. white, through reddish and purple to black.
Often cæspitose. Edible when young, used for inferior ketchup, sometimes
candied with sugar, sold in American markets, at Boston, as the “ English
Mushroom.” Gardens, parks, fields and roadsides, often near human
habitations, on the ground, on rotten leaves ; frequent. April-Nov.
4i X 8| X Î in.
922. C. ovatus Fr. (from the egg-shaped pileus ; ovum, an egg) a.
P. at length expanded, densely imbricato-scaly, white ; mid. pale
buff. St. flocculose, rooting, scaly. A. ragged, movable,
evanescent. Vo. adnate, almost obsolete. G. white to umber-
blackish.
Usually solitary. Rich ground, pastures. 3 X 5 i X f Intermediate
forms occur between this and 921.
923. C. umbrinus Cooke & Mass. (from the colour of the pileus) a.
P. campanulato-plane then revolute, dark umber; sc. white.
St. subrooting, bulbous from the Vo., lustrous dark umber.
G. black, edge white. Flesh pale umber.
Manured ground. Aug. 2 X 6J X A in. Perhaps a form of C. stenocolms
Lindbl.
924. C. sterquilinus Fr. (from the habitat ; sterquilinium, a
dunghill) a.
P. campanulato-expanded, whitish ; marg. pale umber ; sc. small.
St. whitish. A. inferior, sometimes forming an adnate Vo.
G. slate-purple.
Dung, cow, manured grounds, dung-heaps ; rare. July-Aug. 2 X 4§ X A « -
925. C. obleetus Fr. (from its growing on—delighting in—dung;
oblecto, to delight) a.
P. expanded, minutely scaly, then silky-smooth, white then
sienna; mid. ochreous; marg. dull purplish. St. silky-white.
Vo. large, free, spreading. G. black.
Newly-made dunghills, manure-heaps, street sweepings. Nov. X 4J X Jin.
A close ally of 924. Mr. C. Crossland, who has found this plant at Halifax,
says that the pileus is covered with white silky scales and always passes from
white through bright flesh-colour to black, and the annulus sometimes pro-
jects nearly J inch from the stem. In 924 the gills are at length ventricose,
but in this plant, as described by Bolton, they are linear and slightly arcuate
and pass from white through purple to black. In 924 the stem turns
black when bruised, but there is no change of colour in the Halifax plant.
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