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912. P. arata Sacc. (from the furrowed pileus ; aro, to plough) a.
P. attenuato-conical, deeply sulcate, sienna-brown. St. smooth,
whitish or faint sienna-white. G. ascending free, purplish-
black.
Hedgerows. Autumn, X 5 j X | in.
913. P. trepida Gill, (from its trembling habit ; trepidus, trembling)
abc.
P. obtuse, smooth, fuliginous; mid. date-brown. St. naked,
tan-whitish. G. adnate, crowded, fuliginous-black.
Moist ground, bases of trunks, gardens. Oct. I X 3j X 'a-
914. P. hydrophora Quél, (from its hygrophanous substance; Gr.
hudor, water,phero, to carry) abc.
P. expanded, obtuse, then cracked-revolute; mid. rufous; marg.
paler. St. white, studded with drops of moisture. G. adnate,
crowded, black.
Gardens. Autumn, i f X 3^ x ^ in.
915. P. caudata Quél, (from the tail-like base of the stem ; cauda, a
tail) abc.
P . gibbous then flat, smooth, sometimes areolato-cracked,
atomate, date-brown or umber. St. with rooting base,
undulate on surface, white. G. adnate, ventricose, ashy-black
or dull purplish-brown.
Wooden pavement, rotten wood, rich soil, gardens, amongst dead leaves.
Sept.-Dee. 2 | x 4f X J in.
916. P. ppona Gill, (from its frequent prostrate state; promts,
prostrate) abc .
P. subexpanded, obtuse, subsilky, fuliginous, atomate and hoary
when dry. St. smooth, whitish. G. adnate or adnexed, livid
fuliginous, black-dotted.
Grassy places ; rare. May-Oct. f X i j x xj. in. Var. Smithii Mass. P.
hemispherical J in. in diam.
917. P. empyreumatiea Sacc. (from its odour of burning; Gr.
empiiros, scorched) a b.
P. hygrophanous, atomate, rufous, becoming pale. St. silky-
furfuraceous, pale sienna. G. adnate with a tooth, distant,
veined, rufous to brown-purple ; edge pallid. Flesh colour as St.
Wooden pavement. Oct. i f X 2j X J in. Resembles 591.
918. P. atomata Quél, (from the atomate pileus) abc.
P. obtuse, hygrophanous, livid, tan or pale flesh-colour, sometimes
reddish. St. white. G. adnate, cinereous-blackish or purple-
brown.
Solitary or gregarious. Woods, hedgerows, waysides, amongst leaves;
common. June-Jan. i X 2 | X A « •
919. P. erenata Gill, (from the scalloped margin of the pileus;
crenatus, scalloped) a b.
P. hygrophanous, atomate, subochreous, rufescent or flesh-colour,
then pale; mid. sometimes sienna. St. attenuate below,
whitish. G. adnato-ascending, dull brownish-purple to
blackish.
Amongst grass, amongst beech leaves with 1973. Nov. i J X 2j X J in.
920. P. disseminata Quél, (from the scattered habit; dissemino, to
scatter) abc.
P. scurfy, then smooth, whitish or pale umber, then purple-grey
and ashy; mid. grey-umber. St. subscurfy, then smooth,
whitish. G. adnato-ascending, blackish.
Densely crowded, gregarious, cæspitose. About decayed stumps, popl“ ,
willow, piles, in hedgerows, on brick walls, heaps of weeds and rubbish,
etc. April-Nov. ^ X 2 ^ X in.
XLII. COPRINUS Pers.
(From the habitat ; Gr. kopros, dung.)
Veil usually universal, floccose, furfuraceous or obsolete. Hymenophore
distinct from the stem. Pileus at first cylindrical or ovate,
Fig. 51.—A, Coprifius comattis F r ., entire and in section;
B , C. ra d ia tu s F r . ; c, C. domestiais F r . ; d , ditto in section.
One-third n atural size.
usually floccose or scurfy; margin at first straight and adpressed to
the stem; flesh thin to membranous. Stem central, hollow, usually