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tmuous with but heterogeneous from the stem. Pileus arid, pliant
i!?«® central, cartilaginous or horny, absent in
1431. Gills usually simple, pliant, somewhat distant, edge acute
entire. Spores white. (Fig. 66.)
The species are commonly small, thin and epiphytal, those which
appear to grow on the ground are generally on putrid leaves or
roots of grasses; many have a strong odour, sometimes fetid, or of
garhc, never of meal. Marasmius is closely allied to Collybia but
the true Marasmii shrivel in dry weather and revive in raini Some
are edible, others are esteemed for flavouring, 1391 is dangerous.
Species 1391—1431
A. Pileus fleshy-phant, at length somewhat coriaceous, sulcate or
wrinkled; margin at first involute. Stem somewhat
cartilaginous.
Scrotex. Stem solid or stuffed, then hollow, internally
fibrous, externally cartilaginous and covered with villous
down which is easily removed. Gills separating-fiee.
Stem woolly or strigose at the base. 1391___1393
Stem naked at the base, often composed of twisted fibres.
1394^1396
b. Terginx. Pileus thinner than a in section, hygrophanous,
even or Staate. Stem rooting, tubular, cartilaginous, not
fabrous. Gills separating-free.
Stem woolly downwards, smooth upwards. 1397__ 1400
Stem wholly pruinato-velvety. 4401___1405
c. Calopodes. Pileus convexo-involute, then plane or depressed.
Stem curt, iiot rooting, inserted, often with a basal floccose
tubercle. Gills adnate or subdecurrent.
Stem smooth and shining upwards, base simple. 1406__ 1410
Stem velvety or pruinate, base somewhat tubercular.
D Ö-7 1411—1414
B. Pileus somewhat membranous, campanulate then expanded;
margin at first straight and adpressed to the stem. Stem
horny, fistulose, sometimes stuffed, tough, arid. Mycelium
rhizomorphoid, corticate.
d. Chordales. Pileus campanulate or convex. Stem rigid
rooting or adnate by a dilated disc. 1415—1417
A Rotulx. Pileus soon becoming somewhat plane or umbilicate.
Mem hhform, flaccid, inserted at the base. Growing on
leaves. °
Stem very smooth, shining.
Stem velvety or pilose.
C. Pileus sessile, resupinate.
1418—1422
1423— 1430
1431
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A.
a. Scrotex.
1391. M. urens Fr. (from its burning taste ; uro, to burn) a b c.
P. convex to expanded, even or slightly squamulose or rimoso-
rivulose, pale yellowish or brownish ; mid. darker. St. solid,
slightly attenuate upwards, white or yellowish, wholly white
floccose. G. free to remote, pale yellowish-brown to brownish
Gregarious, somewhat cæspitose. Poisonous. Taste becoming very pungent
Woods, mixed, grassy places, on leaves, twigs, etc. ; frequent. May-Sept
2j X 4i X ® in.
1392. M. peronatus Fr. (from the base of the stem, as if booted
with strigose down ; pero, a kind of boot) abc.
P. hemispherical to expanded, slightly wrinkled ; marg. striate,
whitish-umber. St. stuffed to hollow, attenuate upwards, light
yellow or pale brownish, densely woolly-sheathed at base with
whitish or yellowish strigose down. G. adfixed to free,
crowded, whitish, yellowish or pale rufescent.
Taste acrid. Woods, oak, amongst leaves, twigs, etc., bramble, beech-nuts ;
common. July-Dee. 3J X 4J X A «■
1393. M. porreus Fr. (from its odour of garlic; porrum, the leek)
abc .
P. hemispherical to flat, coriaceo-membranous, dull yellowish or
pale dull brownish ; mid. darker ; marg. striate. St. stuffed to
hollow, equal, pubescent, whitish or brownish above, deep
purple to almost black below. G. adnexo-free, distant, light
yellowish.
Odour strong, disagreeable, alliaceous. Woods, chiefly amongst oak-leaves,
fir : frequent. bept.-Dec. 2J X 3I X ® in. Dried examples more than
one hundred years old retain the garlic odour.
1394. M. oreades Fr. (from its growing in fairy rings ; Gr. oreias, a
mountain nymph) abc.
P. fleshy, hemispherical to plane, obtuse or umbonate, even,
smooth, whitish, pale yellowish or brownish; mid. darker.
St. solid to stuffed, equal, whitish. G. free, broad, distant,
whitish or pale yellowish.
Gregarious. Edible. Taste pleasant; odour agreeable, stronger when dry.
Pastures, lawns, roadsides ; common. May-Oct. 2® X 2® X ® in. A
colourless ketchup can be made from this. Often pickled or dried for
winter use.
1395. M. planeus Fr. (from the—at length flat—pileus; plancus,
fiat) a c.
P. convex to plane and depressed, even ; mid. dark rosy-sienna ;
marg. rufescent or lightish, becoming pale. St. hollow,
attenuate downwards, white above, yellowish to brownish
below. G. free, distant, yellowish or brownish.
Taste mild, sweet. Woods, shady places, on the ground. Autumn.
I f X I® X A « •
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