2-5 rows on each placenta.—Small herbs, growing in sphagnous or sandy
swamps (the American and European species acaulescent, with a rosulate
tuft of leaves, and simple schpes which are circinate when young ; racemes
mostly unilateral). Leaves furnished with numerous long reddish glanduli-
ferous hairs.—Sun-dew.
The pollen-grains in D. filiformis are connected by minute threads; as in (Eno-
thera. All the N. American species have usually three 2-parted or 2-cleft styles.
1. D. brevifolia (Pursh) : leaves forming a close tuft, broadly cuneiform,
very obtuse, on petioles scarcely longer than the limb; petals (rose-color)
obovate, more than twice the length of the calyx; styles deeply 2-parted,
the divisions a little dilated and membranaceous above ; seeds oval (the testa
not arilliform), minutely ribbed.—Pursh! Jl. 1. p. 211; Nutt.! gen. 1. p.
141; DC. prodr. 1. p. 318.
/?. major: leaves on longer petioles. Hook. jour. bot. 1. p. 194.
Borders of sandy ponds (occasionally in exsiccated places, Nutt.), N. Carolina
! to Florida! and Louisiana! p. Louisiana, Drummond ; Apalachicola,
Florida, Dr. Chapman !—Tuft of leaves about an inch in diameter. Scape
filiform, in flower 2-4, in fruit sometimes 6-8 inches high, 2 or 6-10-flowered:
flowers nearly half an inch in diameter when expanded. Sepals and pedicels
often minutely glandular when young.—Our specimen from Apalachicola,
which we refer to p. major of Hooker, has the less broadly cuneiform
limb of the leaves scarcely one-third as long as the petiole, and the scape almost
capillary: it will perhaps prove to be a distinct species.
2. D. rotundifolia (Linn.) : leaves orbicular, spreading, abruptly attenuate
into the long hairy petiole ; petals (white) oblong; styles very short, 2-parted,
with subclavate divisions; seeds linear, with a loose, arilliform testa.—Eng.
bot. t. 867; Michx.! jl. l.p . 186; Ell. s k .l.p . 375; Nutt.! g e n .l.c .; DC.
prodr. 1. p. 318; Hook.! fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 81. D. capillaris, Poir. (?) ;
DC. l.c.
Sphagnous swamps, from the Arctic Circle and Unalaschka to Florida!
and Alabama! June-Aug.—(2) ((A) DC.) Scape 4-8 or 10 inches high,
5-10-flowered: raceme sometimes bifid. Capsule oblong.
3. D. longifolia (Linn.) : leaves cuneate-oblong, erect-spreading, attenuate
into the long and slender naked petiole; caudex ascending or decumbent,
often elongated; scapes declined at the base (petals white, short); styles
very short, the divisions slightly thickened; seeds oblong, slightly punctate,
the testa not arilliform.—Eng. bot. t. 868; Michx.! jt. 1. p. 186; Nutt.!
gen. 1. c.; Torr.! Jl. l.p . 331 ( excl. syn. Goldie.). D. Americana,Muhl. !
cat. p. 33. D. intermedia y. Americana, DC. 1. c. D. foliosa, Ell. sk. 1. p.
375; D C .l.c .
In sphagnous and very wet sandy swamps, Canada! to Alabama! and
Louisiana. June-Aug.—If Scapes 3-8 inches high, several-flowered, at
length about twice the length of the leaves. Capillary stipules conspicuous.
Capsule obovate-oblong.
4. D. Anglica (Huds.): leaves linear-spatulate, erect: petioles elongated
(scarcely longer than the limb, DC .); seeds with an arilliform testa. Hook.
—Huds. ft. Angl. p. 135; DC. 1. c .; Hook. Jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 81.
Near Cumberland House, lat. 54°, Richardson; and N. W. Coast, Men-
zies, ex Hook.—Scape erect, twice the length of the leaves.
5. D. linearis (Goldie): leaves linear, very obtuse, erect, on slender naked
petioles; scapes 1- 3-flowered, at first shorter, at length a little longer than
the leaves; seeds oval-oblong, smooth and shining, the testa not arilliform.—
Goldie, in Edinb. phil. jour. 6. p. 325 ; Hook.! Jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 8 2 .1.
27. A.
Lake Simcoe, Goldie; near Jasper’s Lake in the Rocky Mountains,
Drummond! Keweena Point, Lake Superior, Dr. Houghton! July-Aug.
—(® Hook.) Leaves 3-5 inches long; the petiole rather exceeding the
limb; which is about 2 lines wide throughout. Capsule oval, moré than
twice the length of the calyx.
6. D. filiformis (Raf.) : leaves filiform and very long, nearly erect, glandular
hairy, naked at the lower extremity (petiole?), densely woolly at the
base ; scape longer than the leaves, many-flowered ; petals (purple) obovate,
erosely denticulate, much longer than the glandular calyx; styles 2-parted to
the base, the segments filiform and slightly thickened upwards ; seeds acute
at each end, minutely punctate, the testa not arilliform.—R a f. in med. rep.
2. p. 360, <}- in Desv. jour. bot. 1. p. 227; Pursh! Jl. 1. p. 211; Nutt. !
gen. 1. p. 142; DC. 1. c.; Torr.! ft. 1. p. 332; Hook. bot. mag. t. 3540.
D. tenuifolia, Muhl. ! cat. p. 33 ; Willd. enum.' p. 340.
Wet sandy places, from Plymouth, Massachusetts (Bigelow !) and Long
Island ! to the Pine barrens of New-Jersey ! and Delaware (Rafinesque.)
Also Apalachicola, Florida, Dr. Chapman ! Aug-Sept.—If Leaves 6-10
inches long. Scape a foot or more high, 8-20-flowered. Flowers larger than
in the other species. Cells of the anther linear-oblong, nearly distinct, at
length separable from the rhombic-lanceolate connectivum.—The flowers in
all the specimens from Florida are nearly twice the size of the northern
plant ; being about an inch in diameter when fully expanded.
2. DIONÆA. Ellis, in act. Ups. 1. p. 98. t. 8.
Stamens 10-15: anthers innate. Style 1, thick: stigmas 5, connivent,
fimbriately many-cleft. Capsule membranaceous, indéhiscent, but tearing
open irregularly (5-valved, DC.), 1-celled. Seeds numerous (20-30), partly
immersed in the scrobiculate cellular placenta which fills the base of the capsule.—
A glabrous perennial (yellowish-green) herb. Flowers umbellate at
the extremity of a slender scape. Leaves (not circinate in vernation) radical,
rosulate and spreading ; petiole winged and foliaceous, telminating in an
articulated circular spinulose-ciliate lamina, which is very sensitive, suddenly
closing when the upper surface is touched.— Venus’s Fly-trap.
Arnott places Dionæa in his suborder Parnassieæ; but we prefer to retain it in
Droseraceæ proper, with which it agrees more nearly in habit, and from which it
differs in no important character except in the vernation, and in the placenta which
fills the bottom of the ovary; the style, moreover, is just such an one as would be
produced by the cohesion of tile multifid styles of some species of Drosera nearly
to the summit. On the other hand, it differs from Parnassia in most of the peculiar
characters of that genus, viz: the perigynous stamens, a portion of which are abortive
or transformed, the sessile stigmas opposite the placentae, and the albuminous
seeds.
D. muscipula (Ellis)—Linn. mant. p. 238 ; Michx. ! Jl. 1. p, 267 ;
Vent. hort. Malmais. t. 29 ; Walt. Car. p. 144 ; Bot. mag. t. 785 ; Ell. sk.
1. p. 479 ; Nutt. ! gen. 1. p. 278 ; DC. prodr. 1. p. 320 ; Curtis ! in Bost.
jour. nat. hist. 1. p. 123.
Sandy bogs, New-Bern, and N. Carolina, Croom ! and from the mouth of
Cape Fear River to Fayetteville, Curtis ! Also along the lower branches of
the Santee River in S. Carolina, Elliott. April-May.—Scape 6-12 inches
high, about 10-flowered. Petals white, cuneate-obovate, marked with parallel
simply forked veins, marcescent. Filaments capillary: anthers roundish.
Ovary depressed-globose, slightly 5-lobed : stigmas fimbriate within. Seeds