15. T. gracilentum: nearly glabrous; stem slender, erect or ascending;
middle leaves on very long filiform petioles; leaflets cuneate-obcordate, spi-
nulose-serrulate ; stipules rather foliaceous, the lower ones linear-lanceolate
and setaceously acuminate, the uppermost ovate-lanceolate and shorter: heads
loose, 15-25-fiowered; calyx glabrous; the teeth lanceolate-subulate, setaceously
acuminate, thrice the length of the tube and about one-third shorter
than the corolla; legume 1-seeded.
California, Douglas !—(7) Stem 8-10 inches high. Petioles.of the middle
leaves 4 inches long; those of the lowermost and especially the uppermost
leaves much shorter. Heads as large as in T. repens : flowers purple.
16. T. repms (Linn.): glabrous; stems creeping, diffuse; leaflets obcor-
date, sometimes rather ovate and emarginate, denticulate; stipules scarious,
narrowly lanceolate ; heads of flowers globose, subumbellate, o,n very long
axillary peduncles ; teeth of the calyx unequal, lanceolate-subulate, shorter
than the tube ; legume about 4-seeded.—Eng. bot. t. 1769; Michx. ! ft. 2. p.
5 9 ; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 477; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 407.
Pastures and waste places, sometimes in woodlands; common throughout
North America, April-Nov.-—21 Flowers white, sometimes purplish, withering
and becoming pale dirty brown when old.— White Clover.
17. T. amphianlhum: small; stems creeping, a little puberulent; leaflets
(small) broadly obcordate, crenulate ; stipules scarious, ovate, obtuse, or with
a short abrupt point; heads rather few-flowered, on long filiform peduncles;
teeth of the calyx lanceolate-subulate, as long as the tube; legume 3- 4-seed-
ed; the stoloniferous branches also bearing solitary fertile flowers in the axils
of the leaves, on short recurved peduncles.
Texas, Drummond Rooting stems throwing up leaves at intervals
of about half an inch. Peduncles 2-3 times the length of the leaves; vex ilium
ovate. Radical flowers (subterranean? ) perfect, ripening 2-3 seeds;
the corolla and teeth of the calyx very short; style very short, recurved.
18. T. Carolinianvm (Michx.): small, more or less pubescent; stems at
first erect, at length diffuse or procumbent; leaflets cuneate-obcordate (the
upper ones only emarginate), crenulate; stipules ovate, acuminate, foliaceous;
heads f<*v- ( 10- 20-) flowered, depressed; calyx parted almost to the base;
the teeth lanceolate, rather unequal, a little shorter than the corolla; vexillum
roundish-ovate, with a short abrupt point, covering the wings and keel; legume
4 seeded.g-Michx.! fl. 2. p. 58; Ell. sk. 2. p. 200; DC. prodr. 2,p.
201. T. umbellatum, Seringe, in DC. 1. c. T. oxypetalum, Fisch. <ƒ■
Meyer, ind. sent. St. Petersb. {Dec. 18351 p. 51.
Sandy fields, S. Carolina! to Florida! west to Arkansas! and Texas!
March-May.—(I) Plant 3-6 or 8 inches high, at first erect and simple, at
length much branched from the base, and forming tufts. Calyx often purplish.
Corolla white, tinged with purple.
* * * Corolla yellow, turning to chestnut-brown whenold, scarious and. persistent: flow-
ers in ovate heads, at length deflexed : calyx not inflated after flowering. {Leaves
often pinnaiely trifolio late.) 19 *
19. T. propumbens (Linn.): stem procumbent or ascending, pubescent;
leaves on short petioles; leaflets cuneate-obcordate, or cuneate-oblong and
■emarginate; denticulate, the lower pair distant from the terminal one; stipules
rather foliaceous, ovate, ciliate, much shorter than the petioles ; heads
flf flowers dense, on slender axillary peduncles ; teeth of the calyx unequal,
the two upper ones very short; vexillum striate when old; legume 1-seeded.
-—Pursh, fl. 2. p. 479 ; DC. prodr. 2. p. 205 ; Bigel. JI. Bost. p. 271;
Darlingt. JI. Cest. p. 408. T. minimum, Bart, prodr. JI. Philad. 2. p. 74.
Sandy fields and roadsides, Massachusetts ! to Virginia ! Introduced from
Europe. May-Sept.—(J) Flowers smaller than in T. agrarium.-—The terminal
leaflet is usually said to be petiolulate, but it is no "more so than the
lateral ones : the common petiole is prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets; so
that the leaves are, in fact, pinnately trifoliolate, as are several species of this
section. Seringe mentions a variety in which theleaves are sometimes pinnate.
20. T. agrarium (Linn.): stem ascending or erect, minutely pubescent;
leaves on rather short petioles ; leaflets cuneate-oblong or obovate-oblong, often
emarginate, denticulate, all subsessile ; stipules foliaceous, linear-lanceolate,
cohering with the petiole for more than half its length; heads of flowers
dense, on shortish peduncles terminating the branches, or sometimes axillary;
teeth of the calyx unequal, the two upper ones shorter; vexillum striate
when old; legume 1-seeded.—Pursh, JI. 2. p. 478; DC. 1. c. ; Darlingt.
JI. Cest. p. 408.
Sandy fields and roadsides, Massachusetts ! to Pennsylvania ! Introduced
from Europe. June-Aug.—(J) Stem 6-15 inches long, branching.
Flowers, as in all the section, at length reflexed and imbricated downwards.
Leaves palmately trifoliolate.— Yelloio Clover. Hop-Clover.
§ 2. Heads o f flowers subtended by a monophyllous {usually many-cleft)
involucre. {Legume often dehiscent at the ventral suture: veins o f the
leaves oftein reticulated.)—Involucrarium, Hook.
21. T. microcephalum (Pursh) : pubescent or hairy, ascending or procumbent,
branched; leaflets obcordate, or obovate-cuneiform and often emarginate,
denticulate; stipules ovate, acuminate, nearly entire; heads subglobose
(small), on long axillary peduncles; involucre many-cleft, the segments
equal, entire; calyx hairy; the teeth equal, straight, subulate, broad at the
base, as long as the tube, about the length of the corolla; legume indehiscent
1-seeded.—Pursh, fl. 2. p. 478 ; DC. prodr. 2. p. 207 ; Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am
1. p. 132. (excl. 0.1) ■ - if
Oregon, from the mountains to near the sea, Lewis, Dr. Scouler! Nut-
tall ! California, M e n z i e s . 6-12 inches or more long, slender.
Heads about one-fourth of an inch in length. Segments of the involucre about
9. Legume turgid.
22. T. variegatum (Nutt.! mss.): “ glabrous, decumbent, branching; leaflets
obovate-oblong or somewhat obcordate, minutely spinulose-serrate • up-
per stipules roundish, laciniately dentate with subulate-setaceous teeth • peduncles
axillary, longer than the leaves; involucre laciniately many-cleft
shorter than the subglobose head ; teeth of the glabrous calyx equal, lanceolate-
subulate, with setaceous points, much longer than the tube, shorter than the
corolla; legume dehiscent, 1-2-seeded.”— T. microcephalum 0. glabrum
Hook, l.c.1 & 5
Springy places near the mouth of the Wahlamet, Nuttall! 0. California
Douglas /—(a) Stem 8-12 inches long. Lower leaflets with a lunulate
spot. Heads about halt an inch in diameter. Corolla dull purple whitish
at the tip. ’
23. T.flmbriatum (Lindl.) : prostrate, glabrous; leaflets oblong or slightly
cuneate, spinulose-denticulate ; stipules ovate, acuminate, laeiniate-spinulose •
involucre laciniately many-cleft, shorter than the subglobose heads • teeth of
the calyx broadly subulate, straight, half the length of the corolla fleoumes
2-seeded]. Hook.—Lindl. bot. reg .t. 1070; Hook. fl. Bor-Am l « it?.
Hook. <f Am. bot. Beechey, p. 137. P' ’
Common in salt marshes of the N. W. Coast from Cape Orford to California.
Menzies, Douglas, Dr. Scouler. (v. s. in hort.)—Stems long and thick.