styles cohering in a column as long as the stamens; fruit globose, smooth
(red).—Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 295. R. rubifolia, R. Br. in hort. Kew. (ed. 2.) 3.
p. 260 ; Seringe, in DC. 1. c.
a. glabra : leaves 3-foliolate, glabrous beneath.
0. tomentosa: leaves 3- (sometimes 5-) foliolate, tomentose beneath.—R.
rubifolia, R. Br. 1. c.
Southern and Western States, from Michigan ! and Ohio! to Arkansas!
Louisiana! and Georgia ! June-July.—This beautiful species is capable o f
being trained to a great extent: it bears a profusion of large but nearly inodorous
reddish flowers. The petioles are usually a little prickly. The
name of R. rubifolia must yield to the prior one of Michaux, and it is besides
too similar in sound with R. rubrifblia.
* * Styles not coherent.
2. R. Carolina (Linn.): stem smooth, armed with stout recurved mostly
stipular prickles, not bristly, leaflets 5-9, elliptical, often acuminate, finely
serrate, petiolulate, not shining above, the lower surface as well as the petiole
puberulent and pale ; stipules long and narrow, the margins involute ;
flowers corymbose ; calyx and peduncles glandular-hispid ; the sepals mostly
entire, with foliaceous terminations ; fruit depressed-globose (dark red and
shining when mature), mostly a little glandular-hispid.—Linn. ! spec. (ed. 2.)
1. p. 703 ; Pursh, jl. 1. p. 341 ; EU. sk. 1. p. 565 ; Lindl. Ros. p. 23,
t. 4 ; Torr.! Jl. 1. p. 486 ; Seringe, in DC. 1. c. ; Hook.! Jl. Bor.-Am. 1.
p. 199 ; Darlingt. Jl. Cest. p. 311. R. corymbosa, Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 21 ;
Muhl. cat. R. Virginiana, Duroi. R. Pennsylvanica, Michx. Jl. l .p . 296
(partly). R. Caroliniana, Bigel.
In low swampy grounds and thickets, Canada! and Northern States ! to
Ohio ! and in the Southern States towards the mountains. July.—Stem
4-6 feet high, with very smooth purplish branches. Leaflets acute at the
base, sometimes obtuse and a little obovate. Petioles a-little bristly and
glandular. Petals large, reddish, mostly obcordate.—Elliott is quite right in
the suggestion that R. lucida, or at least some other than the present species,
was the original R. Carolina. The species was entirely founded on “ Rosa
Carolina fragrans” &c. Dill. Elth. t. 245, ƒ. 316, in the first edition of the
species Plantarum, which certainly was not intended for the present plant.
In the second edition, Linnaeus has described from the specimen in his own
herbarium (from the Upsal garden), which belongs to the present Species, and
has adduced the synonym of Dillenius with a mark of doubt. Hence it
would be improper to restore the name to the original plant, which cannot be
identified from the figure.—Swamp Rose.
3. R. lucida (Ehrh.) : stems armed with numerous scattered unequal
setaceous at length mostly deciduous prickles ; those of the flowering branches
stipular, slender, straight or slightly recurved, or sometimes wanting ; leaflets
5—9, elliptical, sharply serrate, glabrous and shining above, the lower
pair commonly approximate to the stipules ; the petioles somewhat glandular
or hispid; stipules dilated ; flowers 1-3 ; the peduncles and entire or
laciniate-appendiculate elongated calyx-segments glandular-hispid ; the tube
sometimes glabrous; petals obcordate or emarginate, about the length of the
calyx-segments; fruit (small, red) depressed-globose, mostly glabrous when
mature.—R. lucida & parviflora, Ehrh.; W illd .! Sf authors.
a. leaflets crowded, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate-ovate, scarcely paler
and glabrous or slightly pubescent on the veins beneath; petioles mostly
glabrous.—R. parviflora, Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 11; Willd. ! spec. 2. p. 1068 ;
Jacq. fragm. t. 107, ƒ. 3 ; Ell. sk. 1, p. 563 ; Lindl.! Ros. p. 17 ; Hook.
l. c. R. Carolina, Duroi. R. Carolina fragrans, See., 'Dill. Elth. t. 245, ƒ.
316 ? R. rapa, Bose.; Poir. suppl. R. Caroliniana, Michx. ! Jl. l .p . 295.
R. parviflora, Torr.! Jl. 1. p. 484.
0. leaflets less crowded, oval, mostly very obtuse, paler but often nearly
glabrous beneath; petioles pubescent or glabrous__R. parviflora, Ehrh. 1. c. ;
"Willd. ! 1. c. ; Lindl. ! Ros. p. 20. R. humilis, Marsh. R. Pennsylvanica,
Wang. Amer. p. 113. R. lucida, Torr. ! 1. c.
y . leaflets (5-7) not crowded, shining above, much paler and pubescent
beneath ; petioles pubescent, and often with the midrib of the leaflets glandular
; stipules scarcely dilated; flowers smaller.—R. parviflora, Ell. 1. c. ?
R. Lyoni, Pursh, Jl. 1. p. 345.
In dry places and also along the margin of swamps, Newfoundland and
New England States ! to Georgia ! y . Western States from Ohio ! to Louisiana!
Arkansas! and Alabama! May-June.—Stem 1-2 (or sometimes
3) feet high, with greenish branches ; the stipular prickles straight and slender,
horizontal or deflexed, sometimes a little recurved. Flowers rather
large, pale red.—We have various intermediate forms of this common
and widely diffused Rose, which, we are confident, belong to a single
species.
4. R. nitida (Willd.): stems low,and, with the branches and peduncles,
densely armed with straight and slender prickles or strong bristles; leaflets
5-9, rather rigid or coriaceous, very glabrous and shining, lanceolate or lan-
ceplate-oblong, serrate ; stipules dilated, reaching to the lowest pair of leaflets
; flowers solitary ; calyx hispid, with the bristles somewhat glandular;
petals (red) obcordate; fruit (scarlet) shining, globose.— Willd. enum. l .p .
554; Lindl.! Ros. p. 13, t. 2 ; DC. prodr. 2. p. 603; Hook.! 1. c. R.
blanda, Pursh, J l . l .p . 344, 8g 2. p. 749, not of Ait.
Newfoundland! to Massachusetts, Mr. Oakes !—Resembles some forms
of R. lucida, _but_ appears to be an entirely distinct species. The specimen
named R. nitida in Willdenow’s herbarium is R. laevigata, Michx.!
5. R. cinnamomea (Linn.) : prickles of the young sterile stems crowded
straight, and unequal, the larger ones subulate, the smaller setaceous and
not glandular; .those of the branches stouter, stipular, and arcuate; leaflets
5-7, oval-oblong, simply serrate, cinereous-pubescent beneath; stipules of
the sterile branches linear-oblong, with the margins tubulose-connivent; those
of the flowering branches dilated above, with ovate acuminate spreading
auricles; segments of the calyx as long as the corolla, entire, lanceolate-
acuminate; peduncles short, straight in fruit, and, as well as the calyx-tube,
glabrous; fruit globose, smooth, pulpy, crowded with the connivent persistent
calyx-segments. Koch— Engl. bot. t. 2388; Lindl. Ros. p. 28, t. 5 ; DC.
prodr. 2. p. 605 (excl. 0.); Hook. 1. c. ; Koch, Jl. Germ. Helv. p. 224.
0. lower ; prickles of the flowering branches solitary, recurved.__R. majalis,
“ Retz. obs. ;” Lindl. ! Ros.p. 34 ; Hook. 1. e.
Shores of the Oregon, Dr. Scouler, (ex Borrer in Hook. 1. c.) 0. From
the Saskatchawan to Mackenzie River, Dr. Richardson.— We have a specimen
from Hr. Scouler, labelled R. cinnamomea, which appears to be R .
fraxinifolia. We have no wild specimens of R. majalis; but a cultivated
one from the garden of the London Horticultural Society has wholly the
dilated stipules of R. cinnamomea.
6. R. blanda (Ait.) : stems and sterile branches (reddish) armed with
scattered unequal straight and slender deciduous prickles, the flowering
branches and petioles mostly naked; leaflets 5-7, oval or oblong, obtuse,
equally serrate, not shining above, pale and usually minutely pubescent
beneath, the petioles tomentose-pubescent or sometimes glabrous; stipules
much dilated, with entire or glandular-serrulate margins; flowers 1-3, on