segments of the calyx linear-lanceolate ; styles mostly 3 ; fruit (orange-red)
pyriform.—L in n .! spec. 1. p. 476 (excl.. syn. Gronov.) ; Duroi, harbk. 1.
p. 183. C. pyrifolia, A it.! Kew. (ed. 1.) 2. p. 168; Willd. 1. c .; Pursh,
Jl. 1. p. 337 ; Seringe, in DC. 1. c .; Loudon, arb. Brit. t. 31 (/?.); Lindl.!
bot. reg. t. 1877. C. leucophaeos, Meench, hart. Weiss, t. 2, ex Ait. C.
latifblia, Pers. syn. 1. p. 36. C. lobata, Bose.! in DC. 1. c. C. flava,
Hook. jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 202? (excl. syn.); Darlingt. JL'Cest. p. 292.
Mespilus Calpodendron, Ehrh. beitr. 2. p. 67. M. latifolia, Poir. diet, (ex
spec. hort. P a r.); Spach! 1. c. M. cornifolia, Poir. 1. c.? Mespilus pyrifolia,
Willd.! enum. 1. p. 623.
0. leaves strongly furrowed, nearly glabrous, smaller.
Swampy thickets &c. Canada ! and New England States ! to Indiana !
Kentucky! and S. Carolina towards the mountains. /?. Bellows Falls,
Vermont, and near Auburn, New York, Mr. John Carey ! May-June.—
Shrub 10-20 feet high, with large fragrant flowers. Leaves mostly large,
3-5 inches in length and 1-3 in breadth, (the petiole margined quite to the
base), seldom fascicled, falling early in autumn, the upper surface pubescent
with very short appressed hairs, glabrous when old ; clothed beneath with a
short velvety tomentum, which is mostly persistent and often somewhat
rusty on the veins. Corymb large, leafy. Segments of the calyx as long
as the ovary, pectinately serrate and glandular. Frait obovoid or globose-
pyriform, rather large, eatable but rather insipid.—We have restored the
Linnaean name to this species, which is by no means inapplicable to the
more common forms. It was wrongly referred to C. parvifolia by Willdenow,
and appears to have been overlooked by succeeding authors. It was described
from the specimen in his own herbarium; but the synonym of Gro-
novius belongs to Amelanchier Canadensis. Our more glabrous and smaller-
leaved forms approach C. punctata, but certainly belong to the present
species. The figure in the Botanical Register well represents the ordinary
form.
7. C. punctata (Jacq.): leaves obovate-cuneiform, decurrent into a slender
petiole, entire near the base, doubly serrate and often somewhat incised
towards the apex, somewhat plicate from the strongly marked straight veins,
pubescent with appressed hairs when young, especially on the veins beneath;
spines stout, often .wanting; corymbs and calyx villous-pubescent when
young; styles 3 (often 1-2); fruit (dull red or yellowish) dotted, globose.—
Jacq.! hort. Vindob. 1. p. 10, t. 2 8 ; A it.! Kew. (ed. 1.) 2. p. 169 ; Willd. (?)
1. c .; Michx. ! Jl. X. p. 289 ; Torr.! Jl. 1. p. 476 ; Seringe, l. c. ? C. Crus-
galli, Wang. Amer. ex Willd. C. latifolia, Seringe! in DC. 1. c., not.of
Poir. Mespilus punctata, Spach! 1. c. M. cuneifolia, Ehrh. beitr. 3. p.
21. (ex descr.)
Borders of woods, Canada! and throughout the United States! very common
in the northern portions. May.—Tree 12-25 feet high (the trunk .sometimes
6-8 inches in diameter near the base), with numerous rugged spreading
ash-colored branches. Leaves light green, membranaceous, but rather
thick and firm, 2-3 inches in length, but often much smaller and fascicled ;
the veins passing straight from the midrib to the margin, impressed above,
prominent beneath and usually hairy even when old. Fruit large (half an
inch or more in diameter) umbilieate, eatable and rather pleasant, but tough.
—Not easily confounded with any other species, except, perhaps, with some
small-leaved states of C. tomentosa.— Thorn.
8. C. arborescens (E ll.): unarmed; leaves lanceolate, acute at each end,
deeply serrate, glabrous on the upper surface, hairy underneath at the division
of the veins, sometimes slightly lobed towards the summit; corymbs
many-flowered;' calyx hairy, the segments subulate, entire; flowers pen-
tagynous. Ell. sk. 1. p. 550.
Near Fort Argyle on the Ogeechee River (Georgia), Elliott. New Orleans,
Drummond! Rio Brazos, Texas, Berlandier ! March-April.—There
seems to be no specimen of Elliott’s plant in his herbarium. He describes
it as a small tree, 20-30 feet high, with leaves resembling those of C. pyrifolia
(C. tomentosa, Linn.) but smaller, less distinctly plaited, and glabrous.
To this species we refer, with some confidence, the Crataegus marked no. 103
in Drummond’s New Orleans collection (named “ C. punctata, in fl. foliis
angustioribus,” in Hooker and Arnott’s account of these plants); and we
have the same species from Texas. The specimens are unarmed, and have
the same ash-colored bark with C. punctata; but the leaves are smaller and
narrower, not cuneiform, glabrous, not at all plaited or furrowed; the flowers
also much smaller, in fewer-flowered corymbs, on filiform less' hairy pedicels.
It appears to be a very distinct species. “ No. 103 bis, in fruit,” of the
same collection, is perhaps the same plant: the fruit is quite small (about
one-fourth of an inch in diameter), globose or a little depressed, and apparently
red—
9. C. apiifolia (Michx.): leaves deltoid, somewhat cordate, pubescent, on
long and filiform petioles, deeply and pinnately 5-7-cleft or parted, the segments
incisely lobed and serrate ; spines stout; corymbs villous-pubescent,
somewhat simple, rather few-flowered; segments of tfie calyx lanceolate;
styles 2-3 ; fruit............small(scarlet) .—Michx.! Jl. 1. p. 287 ; Pursh ! Jl-.
1. p. 336; Nutt. ! gen. 1. p. 305 ; Ell. 1. c .; Seringe! in DC. 1. c .; Loudon,
arb. Brit. 1. c. C. Oxyacantha, Walt. ! Car. p. 147.
Woods and banks of streams, Virginia! to Florida! and Louisiana!
March-April.—Shrub 4-12 feet high, much branched, and well adapted for
hedges. Leaves fascicled, on very long petioles. Flowers small. Segments
of the calyx usually glandular-serrate.
10. C. cordata (Ait.): glabrous, destitute of glands; leaves mostly deltoid-
ovate and subcordate, on long and slender petioles, acuminate, incised and
serrate, mostly 3-lobed near the base ; spines slender; segments of the calyx
very short, glandless ; styles 5; fruit very small, depressed-globose (bright
reddish-purple).—Ait. ! Kew. Jed. 1.) 2. p. 168 ; Willd. ! spec. 2. p. 1000 ;
Pers. syn. 2. p. 36 ; Ell. 1. c. ; Seringe ! in DC. 1. c. ; Lindl.! bot. reg. t.
1151. C. populifolia, Walt. Car. p. 149 ; Pursh, Jl. 1. p. 337 ; not of EU.
Mespilus cordata, Mill. ! diet. ic. t. 179; Willd. ! enum. 1. p. 523. M.
acerifolia, “ Burgsdorf” ; Lam. diet. 4. p. 442. M. corallina, Poir. (v. sp.
hort Par.) M. Phsenopyrum, Ehrh. 1. c. 2. p. 67.
Banks of rivers &c. Virginia ! to Georgia! near the mountains. June.—
Stem 15-20 feet high, armed with long very slender and sharp spines.
Leaves 1 to 2 or more inches in length, opaque, very glabrous except the
veins above, which are minutely pubescent, often deeply and equally 3-lobed
like Acer rubrum, sometimes with a slightly rhombic outline and a little
tapering at the base: a few glands are occasionally observed on the leaves
of the vigorous branches. Lobes of the calyx pubescent within, very broad,
deciduous. Fruits numerous, scarcely larger than the common currant; the
carpels naked at the summit.—According to Dr. Darlington ( Jl. Cest. p.
293) this species was introduced into Chester County, Pennsylvania, from
the neighborhood of Washington City, and is much employed for hedges,
under the name of Washington Thorn.
11. C. spathulata (Michx.): glabrous, destitute of glands; leaves rather
coriaceous and shining, cuneiform or oblong-spatulate, crenate; the lower
ones fascicled, very small, spatulate, much attenuate at the base, nearly
sessile, sometimes 3-lobed at die summit; those of the young sterile branches