Georgia! and Louisiana! May-June. (March-April, in the Southern
States'!))—A low much-branched shrub, producing a profusion of white flowers,
often with a tinge of purple, with purple or brownish anthers. Leaves
1-2 or sometimes 3 inches in length; the serratures mucronate with an incurved
callous or glandular point; the midrib with a row of purplish glands
along the upper side. Styles villous at the base. Fruit about 3 lines in diameter,
turbinate when young, nearly globose and dark reddish-purple or
almost black when ripe, sweetish and astringent.—Many intermediate forms
between these two varieties, as we confidently consider them, occur in
a wild state, and others are common in the European gardens. The glabrous
form is more common in the Northern States, or on mountains.—Choke-
berry.
§ 3. Leaves pinnate or pinnately lobed: cymes compound: petals spreading:
styles (2—5) distinct: pome globose or turbinate: carpels (putamen) not
cartilaginous.—Sorbus, Linn.
6. P. Americana (D C .): leaves pinnately 13-15-foliolate, glabrous (pubescent
as well as the petiole when very young); leaflets oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, sharply serrate with mucronate teeth ; cymes large, compound ;
fruit.(bright red or scarlet) globose.—DC.! prodr. 2. p. 637-; Hook.! 1. c.
Sorbus Americana, Willd.! enmm. 1. p. 520 ; Pursh, fi. 1. p. 341; Torr. !
fl. 1. p. 447. Sorbus aucuparia 0. Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 290.
0. microcarpa: fruit smaller.—P. microcarpa, DC. 1. c. Sorbus micro-
carpa, Pursh, l. c. S. aucuparia a. Michx. 1. c.
Shady swamps or moist woods, Pennsylvania! New York! and New
England States ! mostly in mountainous regions, to Labrador! Greenland ?
Subarctic America, and the N. W. Coast! 0. On the high mountains of
Virginia and N. Carolina! On the Grandfather Mountain, Mr. Curtis!
May-June.—A large shrub or small tree. Flowers white. Styles 3-5.
Fruit moderately acid, turning to light bright red when fully ripe, remaining
on the tree during the winter.—Very nearly allied to the European P. aucuparia,
and certainly not to be distinguished by the color of the fruit (which is
neither purple nor fulvous when fully ripe): the more sharply serrate and
acuminate leaflets may not prove a constant distinction. It is a very ornamental
tree, especially in winter, on account of its large clusters of scarlet berries.—
Mountain-Ash.
7. P. sambudfolia (Cham. & Schlecht.) : leaves pinnately about 11-folio-
late ; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, sharply serrate, acuminate, hairy along the
midrib and margins, bearded at the apex ; stipules villous with reddish hairs.
—Cham. Sf Schlecht.! in Linneejz, 2. p. 36; Bongard, veg. Sitcha, l. c.
Sitcha, Bongard.—Young fruit ovate. Bongard also notices a smaller-
leaved variety. 28
28. PHOTINIA. IAndl. in Lin. trans. 13. p. 103, <$• hot. reg. fol. 1956.
Calyx 5-toothed. Petals reflexed. Ovary partly coherent with the calyx-
tube (of 2 combined carpels), hairy, either completely or incompletely 2-
celled: styles 2, distinct or coherent, glabrous. Pericarp included in the
fleshy calyx. Testa cartilaginous.—Trees, with coriaceous and persistent
entire or serrate leaves. Flowers (white) in corymbose terminal panicles,
Fruit small.
§ Ovary completely 2-celled.—Euphotinea, Lindl.
1. P. arbutifolia (Lindl.): leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, distinctly serrate
; pedicels shorter than the calyx.—L in d l.! 1. c., Sr bot. reg. t. 491 ;
DC. ! prodr. 2. p. 631 ; Hook. Sf Am. ! bot. Beechey, p. 139, &■ suppl. p.
340. P . nudiflora & foliolosa, Nutt. ! mss. ' Cratasgus arbutifolia, Ait. ! Kew.
(ed. 2.) 3. p. 202.
California, Mienzies ! Douglas ! Nuttall! &c.——Leaves very rigid, sharply
serrate, the teeth mostly tipped with glands ; the margin revolute. “ Stamens
about 10. Style 1 ; stigmas 2. Ovary tomentose, oblique, exserted
beyond the calyx.” Nutt.—By a typographical error in De Candolle’s Pro-
dromus, the pedicels are said to be longer than the calyx.
29. AMELANCHIER. Medic.; Lindl. in Lin. trans. 13, p. 100.
Calyx 5-cleft. Petals obovate-oblong or oblanceolate. Stamens short.
Styles 5, more or less united. Pome 5- (or by abortion 3-4-) celled, each
cell imperfectly divided by a spurious dissepiment, with a single seed in
each division : endocarp cartilaginous.—Small trees or shrubs, with simple
serrated leaves, and racemose (white) flowers.
1. A. Canadensis : leaves, as well as the racemes and calyx, tomentose-
lanugmous when very young, glabrous when mature, ovate, elliptical, or
oblong, sometimes cordate at the base, often slightly acuminate or mucronate
; segments of the calyx triangular-lanceolate, about the length of the
tube ; frmt gfobuiar (edible) purplish— Mespilus Canadensis, Linn. ! spec.
1. p. 478 (excl. syn. Gronov.) ; Michx. ! fl.X .p . 291. Pyrus Botryapium,
Linn. f . suppl. p. 255. J 1
a. Botryapium: arborescent; leaves ovate-oblong, very sharply serrate,
mostly subcordate when young, acuminate and cuspidate; petals oblong,
four times the length of the calyx— Mespilus Canadensis 0. cordata, Michx
E M I ^ hx-fL £ P- 336- *• 66- Pyrus Botryapium!
- spec- 2. p. 1013 ; Pursh, l. c. Cratasgus racemosa, Lam. diet. 1.
p. 74._ Aroma Botryapium, Pers. syn. l .p . 39 ; Ml. sk. 1. p. 357. Ame-
lanchier Botryapium, DC. ! prodr. 2. p. 632. A. Botryapium, & ovalis,
Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 202. ' *
0. oblongijblia: shrubby; leaves oval-oblong, mucronate, serrate with
short acute teeth, die tomentum of the lower surface often remaining during
flowering;, racemes shorter; flowers smaller; petals obovate-oblonl, ■ about
thnee the length of the calyx— Mespilus. Amelanchier? Walt-Car. p. 148.
M. Canadensis a. obovalis, Michx. ? Amelanchier ovalis, Hook. ' l c
(partly.) A. intermedia, Spach.' suite Buff.
■y. rotundifolia: shrubby or arborescent; leaves roundish-ova], often somewhat
acuminate or cuspidate, very sharply serrate; racemes 6-10-flowered •
petals narrowly oblong, rather small— M. Canadensis, y. rotundifolia!
Michx. l.c. Pyrus ovalis, W d ld .! 1. c. (partly.) P. sanguines, Pursh, fl.
^ D c ' ^ lV Ar°ma °VallS’ FerS' ■' C' ! ElL 1 °■ Amelanchier ovalis,
d. alnifolia: shrubby or arborescent; leaves roundish or broadly elliptical,
very obtuse or retuse at each end, serrate near the summit only • racemes
densely-flowered; petals linear-oblong, 3-4 times the length of the
calyx; stamens very short— Aronia alnifolia, Nutt..! gen. 1. p 306
Amelanchier alnifolia, Nutt. ! in jour, acad.' Philad. 7. p. 22. A. ovalis 0
semuntegrifolia. Hook. ! 1. c. A. florida, Lindl. ! bot. reg, t. 1589.