Carlton House !—This species varies considerably. Other varieties are
described by Hooker in Bot. mag. fol. 2982, and by Chamisso & Schlech-
tendal in Linncea, 2. p. 21. P. macrantha, & uniflora of Ledebour are
forms of it. Our specimen of var. /?. from the Arctic Islands (Parry s 2nd
voyage) has the very obtuse sepals of P. nana, and indeed wholly resembles
that species, except that the petioles are shorter.
20. P. villosa (Pallas) : densely silky-tomentose ; caudex very large arid
thick; stems ascending, several-flowered; leaves (mostly radical) trifolio-
late ; leaflets broadly cuneiform, very silky above, densely tomentose-can-
escent beneath, coarsely toothed’ towards the apex ; stipules ovate, entire ;
petals obcordate, nearly twice the length of the ovate calyx-segments.
Pall, in herb. Lamb, ex Pursh, jl. 1. p. 353 ; Lehm.! Pot. p. 166, t. 16;
Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 194. P. lueida, W illd .! in Berl. mag. 7. p.
296.
Unalaschka, on high mountains, and at Sandwich Sound, Pallas! N. WV
Coast, Menzies! About Behring’s Straits, &c. Chamisso! Capt. Beechey !
Sitcha, Berngard ! Dundas Island, See. Dr. Scouler ! Mount Ranier, Mr.
Tolmie!—A striking species. Flowering stems 6—10 inches high, 1-2 leaved.
Flowers and leaves rather large.
21. P. bijlora (Lehm.): stem erect, about 2-flowered, leaves trifoliolate,
slightly hairy; the terminal leaflet 2-parted, the lateral ones deeply 2-parted;
segments linear, entire, ciliate. Lehm. ! cemspect. Pot. herb. Willd., of Lot.
p. 192, t. 20 ; Richards, appx. Frankl. journ. ed. 2. p. 21; Cham, of
Schlecht. ! in Linncea, 2. p. 24 ; Hook. ! jl. Bor.-Am. 1 p. 195.
Barren grounds from lat 64° to the Shores of the Arctic Sea, Richardson.
Kotzebue’s Sound, Capt. Beechey! Island of St. Lawrence, Chamisso!
Densely csespitose. Young leaves rather silky-villous. Petals obcordate,
citron-yellow, with an orange-yellow spot on the claw, twice the size of the
calyx. Ovaries rugulose. Receptacle densely villous. Richardson.
22. P. flabellifolia (Hook.! mss.): stem erect, slender, slightly pubescent
towards the summit, few-flowered; leaves trifoliolate ; leaflets broadly
cuneiform, nearly glabrous, entire towards the base, slightly petiolulate,
rounded and deeply toothed or incised at the. apex with 7-9 mostly .equal
spreading teeth; stipules oval, membranaceous, entire ; pedicels slender;
petals broadly obovate, longer than the ovate acute calyx-segments.
Summit of Mount Ranier, Oregon, Douglas |—Root thick, descending.
Flowering stems about 8 inches' high, slender, 1-2-leaved, 3-4-flowered.
Leaflets scarcely an inch in length, minutely pubescent and ciliate with
short appressed hairs, nearly evenly incisely toothed; the lateral ones mostly
dilated and unequal at the base; the terminal decidedly petiolulate. Calyx
and pedicels pubescent: bracteolar segments nearly the length of the true
ones, oval or obovate, obtuse. Petals apparently yellow. Ovary glabrous :
style filiform. Aehenia not seen.
23. P. brevifolia (Nutt.! mss.): minutely glandular-pubescent, dwarf;
stems slender, nearly erect, few-flowered; leaves trifoliolate; leaflets roundish
or slightly cuneiform at the base, 2-3-lobed, crenately toothed, the terminal
one distinctly petiolulate; stipules ovate, mostly entire; petals obovate,
scarcely longer than the ovate-lanceolate calyx-segments ; aehenia even.
“ Near the summit of mountains, within the perpetual snow line, near
Goodier River of the Oregon. Root dark brown, very long, and thickly
clad with stipular vestiges. Whole plant not more than 2-3 inches long,
turning blackish in drying. Flowers small, pale yellow.; A very distinct
species.” Nuttall!—The terminal leaflet is so distinctly petiolulate and
often deeply 3-lobed, that the leaf might be said to be pinnate, with the
three upper leaflets confluent, and so Mr. Nuttall has described it in his
manuscript notes. But its resemblance to P. flabellifolia renders it proper
to characterize it as above. It is not more than half the size of that species;
the leaflets and flowers also much smaller, the pedicels short, the minute
pubescence wholly glandular, See.
24. P. concinna (Richards.): stems short, few-flowered; radical leaves
palmately 5-7-foliolate ; leaflets cuneate-obovate, serrate at the apex, densely
tomentose and white beneath; petals obcordate, exceeding the calyx.
Lehm.—Richards. ! appx. Frankl. journ. ed. 2. p. 20 ; Lehm.! in Hook,
jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 193, t. 67.
Plains of the Saskatchawan about Carlton House, Richardson ! Drummond
!—Stems numerous from the same root, 2—3 inches high, diffuse,
silvery-tomentose or silky. Cauline leaves 1—2. Leaflets 3—5 lines long,
pale green and somewhat silky above ; the lateral ones often entire. Peduncles
2-3, slender. Ovaries smooth. Receptacle hirsute.—Apparently
very near P. humifusa, Nutt., and perhaps only a state of that plant.
t t Flowering stems prostrate or sarmentose : pedicels solitary, axillary (or
radical), elongated, 1-flowered.
25. P. humifusa (Nutt.) : somewhat csespitose; leaves all radical, palmately
5-foliolate; leaflets cuneate-oblong, obtuse, incisely toothed, white
and tomentose beneath, green and pubescent above ; flowering stems short
and filiform, procumbent, flagellate, but not creeping, leafless, few-flowered.
Nutt. gen. 1. p. 310.
On high gravelly hills near Fort Mandan, Missouri, Nuttall.—Flowering
stems 4-5 inches long.—We have seen no specimens of this apparently very
distinct species.
26. P- Canadensis (Linn.): hirsute-pubescent; stems sarmentose, procumbent
and ascending; leaves palmately 5-foliolate; leaflets obovate-cunei-
form, silky beneath when young, incisely serrate-toothed towards the apex ;
stipules entire or 2-3-cleft; pedicels axillary, solitary, elongated ; calyx-
segments ovate-lanceolate, shorter than the'lanceolate bracleolar segments,
and rather shorter than the broadly obovate or obcordate petals; aehenia
somewhat rugose.—Linn. ! spep. 1. p. 498 ; Michx. ! jl. 1. p. 303 ; Nestl.
Pot. t. 10, / . I ; Lehm. ! Pot. p. 118; Torr.! jl. 1. p. 426 ; Ell. sk. 1. p.
573; DC. prodr. 2. p. 575; Darlingt. fl,. Cest. p. 303. P. sarmentosa,
Willd.! enum. 1. p. 554 ; Bigel.! fl. Bost. ed. 2 .p. 204.
/?. pumila : very small.—P. pumila, Poir. diet. 5. p. 594 ; Pursh, fl. 1.
p. 354.
y: simplex: less hirsute; stems erect or ascending at the base, often sarmentose
towards the apex; leaflets cuneiform-oblong, at length nearly glabrous
above.—P. simplex, Michx.! 1. c. ; Nestl. 1. c. t. 9, ƒ. 2 ; Lehm.!
1. c. ; Ell. 1. c. ; DC. ! prodr. 2. p. 575 ; Darlingt. 1. c. P. Caroliniana,
Poir. 1. c.
Dry fields and border of woods, Canada ! to Georgia, and west to Arkansas
! April-Aug.—P. pumila is a starved state of. P. Canadensis, growing
in very sterile soil. P . simplex is a more luxuriant summer state of the
same species, growing in richer soil or shady places ; when the stems often
attain the length of 2 feet or more, and the leaves become larger, more
membranaceous, and less pubescent; but the radical ones resemble those of
the ordinary P. Canadensis. We have an imperfect specimen from Arkansas,
which presents the leaves of the var, simplex, except that the upper
one is trifoliolate, and the plant is very hirsute.—Cinque-foil. Five-Finger
Barren Strawberry.