1. JE. Cynapium (Linn.): segments of the leaves rather obtuse; involucre
none ; involucels 3-leaved, mostly longer than the partial umbels, pendulous;
vitt® of the commissure distant at the base. DC.—Linn. spec. 1. p.
256 ; Engl. hot. t. 1192; Bigel. fl. Bost. eel. 2. p. 113 ; BecJc, hot. p. 146 ;
DC. prodr. 4. p. 141.
Road sides and cultivated grounds, near Boston, Bigelow ! Essex County,
Massachusetts, Mr. Oakes ! Amherst, in the same State, Rev. Mr. Holton!
July-Aug.—Stem about 2 feet high, striate, not spotted. Leaves 2-3-pinnate-
ly divided, with narrow cuneate segments. Leaflets of the involucels linear.
—The whole plant has an unpleasant smell, and is said to be poisonous.—
Fool's Parsley.
21. LIGUSTICUM. Lin n .; Koch, Umb. p. 104, /. 44-47 ; DC.prodr. l.c.
Calyx-teeth minute or obsolete. Petals with very short claws, obovate,
emarginate, with an inflexed point. Fruit somewhat terete or slightly compressed
laterally. Carpels with 5 acute equal somewhat winged ribs ; the
lateral ones marginal. Intervals and commissure with numerous vitt®.
Carpophore 2-parted. Seed somewhat semiterete.—Mostly perennial herbs.
Leaves ternately or 2—3-temately divided. Involucre various. Involucels
many-leaved. Flowers white.—Loveage.
1. L. Scoticum (Linn.) : stem riearly simple, striate; leaves biternate;
segment's rhombic-ovate, coarsely dentate-serrate; involucre 4-6-leaved;
calyx distinctly 5-toothed.—Linn. spec. 1. p. 250; Engl. Bot. 1.1424 ; Michx.
f l- 1- P- 166; Pursh, fl. 1. p. 166; Bigel.! fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. I l l ; Tom. !
fl. 1. p. 312 ; DC. prodr. 4. p. 157; Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am . 1. p. 265.
Borders of salt marshes, Labrador! Newfoundland! and Canada! to
Massachusetts ! North West Coast, from Behring’s Straits to the mouth of
the Oregon !—Root fusiform, perennial. Stem 1-2 feet high, flexuous.
Leaflets 1-24 inches long, entire and cuneate at the base, somewhat shining.
Fruit about 4-5 lines long, narrowly elliptical; the intervals with 3, the commissure
with 6 vitt*. Styles very short, diverging.
2. L. acteeifolium (Michx.): leaves Alternately divided ; segments ovate,
equally dentate-serrate ; umbels numerous, -forming a loose naked somewhat
verticillate panicle ; involucre and involucels of 2-4 short subulate leaflets ;
fruit ovate-oblong; intervals with 3 vitt®; the commissure with 6 vitt® ;
calyx-teeth minute ; styles very short.—Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 166 ; Pursh, fl.
fl. 1. p. 193. Thaspium act®ifolium, Nutt. ! gen. 1. p. 196 ; DC. prodr.
4. p. 155. Angelica lucida, Ell. sk. 1. p. 35? not of Linn. A. lohata',
Walt. Car. p. 115? Ferula Canadensis, Linn. spec. 1. p. 247. (pi. Gronov.l
not of hort. Ups.) Angelica lucida Canadensis, &c. Gromov.! Virg. ed. 1.
Banks of the St. Lawrence, Michaux! Virginia, near Staunton, Pursh.
Woods near Salem, North Carolina, Schweinitz! Milledgeville, Georgia,
Dr. Boykin! Mountains of Rock Castle River, Kentucky, Dr. Short!—
Plant 3-6 feet high. Root large, “ with the strong odor of Angelica.” Short.
Leaves mostly radical: primary divisions of the petiole elongated and naked
at the base (3-4 inches long); segments broadly ovate, 2-3 inches long, the
terminal one often 3-parted. Umbels on long verticillate peduncles, all but
the terminal one usually abortive or nearly so (as in PeucedanUm verticil-
lare, Koch). Fruit (immature) about 2 lines long.—The Southern plant is
possibly distinct from that of Canada; but the two agree minutely in the
fruit. Mr. Schweinitz thinks it is the true Nondo or White-root of the
Southern States, the roots of which are a favorite food of hogs.
22. CONIOSELINUM. Fisch. in Hoffm. Umb. ed. 2. p. 185. tit.f. 5.
(ex DC. prodr. 4. p. 163.)
Calyx-teeth obsolete. Petals obcordate or obovate, with an inflexed point.
Styles slender, at length reflexed. Fruit convex, or compressed on the back.
Carpels with 5 winged ribs ; the lateral ones twice as broad as the others and
marginal. Lateral intervals with 3 vitt®: dorsal ones often with 2 vitt®.
Commissure with 4-8 unequal vitt®. Carpophore 2-parted. Seed flat on
the face. Biennial glabrous herbs, with branching and fistulous stems.
Leaves with very large inflated petioles, ternately divided ; the divisions bi-
pinnately parted, with oblong-linear lobes. Involucre none, or few-leaved.
Involucels of 5-7 linear-subulate leaflets. Flowers white.
1. C. Fischeri (Wimm. & Grab.): fruit elliptical-oblong; dorsal ridges
broadly winged, the dorsal intervals with 2-3 vitt®.—“ Wimm. Sf Grab, ex
Flora, Apr. 1828, p. 215” ; DC. prodr. 4. p. 266. Ligusticum Gmeleni,
Cham. Sf Schleeht. in Linneea, 1. p. -391. Angelica foliolis pennatifidis,
Gmel. fl. Sibir. 1. p. 195, t. 44.
Labrador, Arctic America, Kotzebue’s Sound, and Straits of Da Fuca,
Hooker. Sitcha, Bongard.—We have seen no American specimens of this
plant. C. Ingrieum, Fisch. mss. (which is doubtless the same species, and
of which we have an authentic specimen) is a stout plant with the habit of
Conium maculatum; the rays of the umbel very numerous; the fruit decidedly
longer and narrower than in C. Canadense ; with smaller and flatter
vitt® ; of which there are 2-3 in each interval, and 4-6 in the commissure.
2. C.? Canadense: fruit broadly oval; dorsal ridges narrowly winged;
vitt® 2-3 in the lateral intervals, solitary in the dorsal ones.— Selinum Canadense,
Michx. ! fl. l .p . 165; Pursh, fl. 1. p. 192. Cnidium Canadense,
Spreng. in Schult. syst. 6. p. 415 (excl. syn.); DC. prodr. 4. p. 153.
Shady wet places, Oneida County, New York, Dr. Kndskern! Castleton,
Vermont, Dr. Tully! Southern Shore of Lake Superior, Dr. Pitcher!
Mouth of the River St. Lawrence, Michaux ! Aug.-Sept.—Stem 3-5 feet
high, terete, finely striate. Leaves with inflated sheathing petioles ; the
divisions pinnately compound; segments pinnatifid ; the lobes linear-oblong.
Umbel of 10-16 rather slender spreading rays, which are about 24 inches
long. Involucre none, or of 2-3 subulate leaflets. Involucels 5-6-leaved,
nearly as long as the umbellets. Styles slender, diverging. Calyx-teeth
nearly obsolete. Petals much spreading, emarginate and somewhat ungui-
culate; the point short and inflexed. Fruit about 2 lines long, much compressed
on the hack ; the lateral ribs dilated into a conspicuous wing. Vitt®
of the lateral intervals sometimes solitary, but usually 2 and rarely 3, often
anastamosing; those of the commissure at least 4, hut often several other shorter
ones, and occasionally another at the margin of the wing.—We refer this
plant to Conioselinum with some doubt; as the dorsal ribs are but slightly
winged, and the vitt® are less numerous than in the species on which the
genus was founded.
Tkibe V. ANGELICEjE. Koch; DC.
Fruit dorsally compressed, with a double winged margin. Carpels
with the 3 dorsal ribs filiform or winged ; the lateral ones dilated