lopes commonly arranged in a quinary (sometimes binary or
quaternary, but very rarely in a ternary) manner, sometimes incomplete
or wanting. Ovules enclosed in a pericarp, fertilized
by the action of pollen through the medium of a stigma, and
finally becoming seeds. E mbryo with 2 (rarely more) opposite
cotyledons ; the radicle in germination elongating directly into a
root.
S ection I. POLYPETALOUS EXOGENOUS PLANTS.
Thalamiflorse and Calycifloree, DC.
Floral envelopes, consisting of both calyx and corolla; the latter
composed of distinct petals.*
. | _____
Artificial Analysis of the Polypetalous Exogenous orders,
which are represented in the Flora of North
America.
L OVARIES SUPERIOR, OR PARTLY SO.
§ 1. Ovaries more than one, distinct (when in several whorls sometimes
aggregated or coalescent into a mass, but not syncarpous.)
Leaves (emersed ones) centrally peltate. Water-
plants.
Torus turbinate, enclosing the ovaries in separate
hollows.
Torus inconspicuous, Stamens 6-36.
Leaves not centrally peltate.
Stamens numerous.
Ovaries (achenia) enclosed in the subglobose
calyx-tube, numerous.
Leaves opposite, not stipulate.
Leaves.alternate, stipulate.
Ovaries not enclosed by the calyx-tube.
Petals and stamens perigynous.
Petals and stamens hypogynous.
9. Nelumbiace®.
7. Cabombace®.
50. Calycanthace®.
49. § Rose®.
49. Rosace,®.
./Estivation of the calyx valvate.
Leaves alternate. Stamens monadelphous;
Leaves opposite. Stamens distinct.
Estivation of the calyx imbricated.
Herbs with acrid juice. Flowers perfect.
Climbing shrubs. Flowers small, dioecious. 5. Menispermace®.
Trees or shrubs (bitter and aromatic).—
Flowers large, perfect. Anthers adnate.
Anthers (short) extrorse. Sepals persistent.
38. Malvace®,
1. Ranunculaoe®.
Albumen ruminated. 3. Anonace®.
Anthers (long) introrse. Albumen solid. 2. Maqnoliace®.
* The student should bear in mind that the division of Exogenous plants into
Polypetalae, Monopetalse, and Apetalse, however convenient, is in a considerable
degree arbitrary; and that polypetalous orders often contain apetalous genera and
species: the petals, moreover, are occasionally m/yre or less combined.
Stamens few (not more than twice the number of
the sepals). .
Stamens monadelphous. Monoecious. Leaves Schizandrace®.
simple, dotted. .
Stamens distinct, submoncecious. Leaves com- z
pound, dotted.
Stamens distinct. Leaves not dotted.
Leaves stipulate. Stamens perrgynous. 49. Rosace®.
L Carpe^ri-^eeded^triculi: styles united. 30. L imnanthace®.!
Carpels 1-seeded, woody : styles from the ^ Surianace®.
Carpel's 1-seeded, drupaceous, incurved. 5. Menispermace®.
Carpels follicular. , „ W v jS , „ +
Follicles 1-3-seeded. Polygamous. L R anunculace®.!
Follicles equal in number to the sepals,
several-seeded. 65. CrassdlaCE®.
Follicles 2 (rarely 3 ) ; seeds numerous. 66. Saxifragace®.!
§ 2. Ovary solitary, simple (of one carpel)..
Anthers (except in Podophyllum) opening by re- R
curved valves. Stamens opposite the petals. 6 . B e r b e r id a c e®.
Anthers not opening Corolla papilionaceboyu sr eocru irrvreedg uvlaalrv. eLs.e gum|in ous. 48. tL .rniviraos® eguminos®.
Corolla (when present) regular.
./Estivation of the sepals and petals valvate. Mimose®.
Fruit a legume. , s
f S S X S T ! ' ! «• « S— -
E stiv a tio n of the sepals (& petals) imbricated.
Stamens indefinite, perigynous. 4g Amygdale®.
S)y|e 49. Subord. Chrysoealane®.
Stamens indefinite, hypogynous. P Ranunculace®.!
Stamens double the number of the sepals. ■ m
Leaves multifid. Aquatic. Petals none. 8 Ceratophyllace®.
Leaves compound, dotted. Drupe oily. 35. A myridace®.
S t a m e n s ^ s a m e number as the s e p a l s . - ^
§ 3. Ovary compound or syncarpous.
* Leaves alternate, or all radical,
f Stamens indefinite, or more than 12.
P Sepals 2P (very rarely 3). Juice milky or colored. 12 P ^m n A C E ®
Sepals 4. Juice watery. J£. Oapfaridace®.
Sepals 5 (rarely 3). Petals fugacious. 20. Cistace®.
SePsterile Petal3marCeSCent‘ stamens all but 6 ^ Quibord. Parnassie®.
Placentae occupying the whole surface of the dis- N phj, a c m .
sepiments.
P1SCt i ^ Upeltat^1Spetal©id. Leaves hollow. 11. Sarraceniace®.
* St^ s u l e UcelM^with a free central placenta. 25. Portulacace®.
Capsule more than 1-celled. ________________________
, Ovary apparently simple, but really compound, as is indicated by the triple
style.