32. PASTINACA. Tourn. ; Linn. ; DC. prodr. 4. p. 188.
Calyx-teeth obsolete or minute. Petals somewhat orbicular, entire, involute
; the point broad and retuse. Fruit much compressed, with a dilated
flat margin. Carpels with 5 very slender rihs ; 3 of them1 dorsal and equidistant
; the lateral ones remote, contiguous to the margin. Intervals with
single vitte. Commissure with 2 or more vitte. Carpophore 2-parted.
Seed flat.—Perennial or biennial herbs, with fusiform'often fleshy roots.
Leaves pinnately divided; the segments toothed, incised, or lobed. Involucre
and involucels few-leaved or none. Flowers yellow.—Parsnep.
1. P. saliva (Linn.): stem sulcate, glabrous ; leaves minutely pubescent •
segments ovate-oblong, obtuse, unequally toothed and serrate, incised at the
base; the terminal one3-lobed; fruit oval; the commissure with 2 vittae.__
Linn. spec. 1. p. 262 ; Engl. bot. t. 556 ; Pursh,fl. 1. p. 196 ; DC. prodr.
4. p. 188. ' r •
Fields and waste places. Introduced. July-Sept.—Plant yellowish-green.
Root biennial, fleshy. Stem 2-5 feet high. . Leaves somewhat shining";
the segments sessile. , Umbels large, fastigiate. ' Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit
about one-third of an inch long, emarginate; the border somewhat thickened.
Vitte dark purple.— Common Parsnep. Wild Parsnep. ,
33. HERACLEUM, Linn.; Lam. ill. <. 2 00; DC. prodr. 4. p. 191.
Calyx-teeth distinct, or sometimes obsolete. Petals obeordate, with an in-
flexed point; in the exterior flowers often radiate and apparently, deeply
2-cleft. Fruit much compressed on the back, with a broad flat margin:
ribs slender; 3 of them dorsal and equidistant; the 2 lateral more remote
and Contiguous to the dilated margin. Vittas mostly clavate, shoftef than
the fruit; one in each interval, and usually 2 in the commissure. Seed flat.
Stout herbs, with pinnately or ternately divided or lobed leaves: petiole
large and sheathing. Umbels with numerous rays. Involucre caducous,
mostly few-leaved. Involucels many-leaved. — Cow-Parsqep. Master-
Wort.
“U LT. lanatum (Michx.): Stem srflcate, pubescent; leaves ternately
divided, tomentose-pubescent beneath; the segments petiolulate, roundish-
cordate, lobed; fruit oval or obovate.—Michx. ! f l . 1.'p . 166; Pursh fl. 1.
p. 181; Bigel. fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 110 ; Torr. ! f l . 1. p. 313 ; DC.! prodr.
4. p. 192; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 270; Bongard, veg. Sitcha, in mem.
acad. St. Petersb. (ser. 6) 2, p. 142 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 196.
0. vestitum: upper part of the stem and petioles densely woolly ; leaves
somewhat obtusely -lobed and toothed.—H. vestitum, Nutt.! mss. H.
Douglasii, DC. 1. c .; Hook. 1. c.
Wet meadows, Newfoundland! and Canada! as far north as lat. 58°
(Richardson) ; to Pennsylvania and Kentucky. Oregon, Dr. Scouler,
Douglas. Sitcha, Bongard. \ 0. Wappatoo Island,, Oregon, Nuttall!— U
Stem 4-8 feet high, an inch or more in diameter at the base. Leaves very
large: the principal divisions 4-10 inches in diameter, unequally lobed ; the
lobes acuminate, nearly glabrous on the upper surface. Umbels widely
spreading, 6-10 inches or more in diameter. Involucre of 6-10 oblongs
lanceolate caducous ieaflets. Leaflets of the involucel lanceolate, attenuate
into a long point* Flowers white; the petals of the exterior ones very unequal,
appearing deeply and often unequally 2-cleft by the enlargement Of the
lobes on each side of the inflexed point. Fruit nearly half an inch long, often
emarginate. Vittae of the intervals claVatë, extending only aboiit half way
down thë carpels. Commissure usually with 2 vittae, but sometimes with
1 or 2 imperfect ones.—H. Douglasii, DC. was founded on a specimen
raised in the ghrden of the Horticultural Society of London, from seed
collected in Oregon by the latë Mr. Douglas. Hooker thinks it is only a
variety of H. lanatum, but Mr. Nuttall considers it a distinct species:
34. EURYTiENIA.
Margin of the calyx 5-tobthed. (Petals unknown.) fetylöjpodiüm depressed.
Styles slender, recurved. Fruit ovate, lenticulafly compressed on
the back; glabrous, with a narrow winged margin: dorsal ribs approximated,
filiform ; the middle one carinate or very narrowly winged ; the iateral ones
remote, thick and corky; united with thé thin margin. Intervals filled with
single vitte. Commissure with 2 very broad contiguohs vittae: Carpophore
2-clëft— A glabrous herb, with 2-3-pinnatëly dissected leaves; the segments
distant, narrowly linear, acute. Umbels terminal; the rays numerous-
involucre and involucel of several 3—5-cleft leaflets. Flowers not seen:
E. Texana.
1: Texas, Drummond ! (Coll. II. [or III.] no. 24.)—Plant apparently about
■2 feet high: 1 Stem slender, finely striate, branching above. Catiline leaves
on short petioles ; the segments long and slender, scarcely half a line wide.
Jh- 15-rays. Leaflets of the involucre and involucels cleft about
half way down ; the segments narroWly linear and diverging. Calyx-teeth
lanceolate.; FrUit nearly 2 lines lohg, broadly ovate : dorsal ribs distinct;
the 2 exterior generally appearing double or furrowed longitudinally: lateral
nbs much larger, obtuse, surrounding the früit, but not extending to the edge
of the wing. Commissure with the disk almost wholly occupied by the
broad vittas. J
35. POLYTiENIA. DC. mem. Umb. p: 53, t. 13, pr'odr. 4. p. 196.
Margin of the Calyx 5-toothed. Petals OblOng, with a long inflexed emarginate
point. Fruit oval, lenticularly compressed on the back; glabrous;
with a broad and even tumid corky margin ; the dorsal disk impressed: ribs
obscure, nearly immersed in the corky pericarp. IhterVals With 2 vitte:
Commissure with 4-6 v itte; the thickened corky margin also filled with
resiniferous tubes. Carpophore free, 2-dleft. Seed plano-Corivex— A glabrous
herb, with bipinnately divided leaves; the uppermost opposite and
often 3-clëft. Umbels terminal and Opposite the leaves. Involucre nönë;
Involucel of several setaceous leaflets. Flowers bright yellow.
P. Nuttallii (DC. 1. c.).—Ferula Druminondii, Hook. 8; Am . in convpan
to bot. mag. p. 47 ? r
0. leevis: stem smooth or very nearly so.
Prairies and barrens of the Western States, Indiana ! to Louisiana • west
80