vided, hairy at the base; fruit prickly or rarely unarmed.—Linn. ! spec. 1.
p. 202; Michx.! fl, 1. p. I l l ; Jacq. hort. Vindoh. 2. t. 123; Pursh-1 fl-
1. p. 166 ; DC.! l.c.; Hook.! fl. Bar,-Am,, l . p . 230 (excl. y. ) ; Guimp.
Otto Sf Hayne,holz. 1.135. R. gracile, Torr,! fl. 1. p. 269.
Woods and hillsides, Canada! and Hudson’s Bay to Kentucky! and to the
Rocky Mountains near the sources of the Platte, Nuttall. .May lune.
'Leaves pubescent, particularly on the lower surface: petioles downy. Calyx
greenish-white, broader than the ovary. Fruit brownish when ripe.—This
species, like several others of the section, is occasionally almost destitute of the
subaxillary spines ; and the fruit is sometimes smooth.
5. R. oxyacanthoides (Linn.): stems usually clothed with bristly prickles
; subaxillary spines 1-3, often united at the base; leaves roundish, sub-
cordate, 5-lobed, pubescent or nearly glabrous, the lobes deeply toothed or
crenate ; peduncles very short, about 2-flowered; calyx-tube cylindraceous,
pubescent at the base within; the segments spreading, rather'longer than the
stamens, and about twice the length of the obovate petals; style cleft to the
middle, hairy at the base, a little exceeding the stamens ; fruit smooth.—
Linn. spec. l .p. 201 ; Pursh, fl. 1. p , 165; DC. prodr. 3. p. 478 ; Hook.!
fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 230. Grossularia oxyacanthse foliis, &c. Dill■ Elth. t. 139.
ft. fruit sparsely hispid.—R. setosum, Dougl.! 1. c .; Lin d l.! hot. reg.
t. 1237.
y . lobes of the leaves more sharply serrate ; calyx and pedicels pubescent;
fruit hispid.—R. Cynosbati y . Hook. ! 1. c.
On rocks, &c. Newfoundland ! and throughout Canada to the Saskatcha-
Wan !—The young branches are usually thickly clothed with fulvous bristles
or prickles, which sometimes occur also on the petioles. Calyx greenish
tinged with purple. Fruit bluish-purple or reddish.—In the Hortus Upsal-
ensis, Linnaeus states this species to be a native of Virginia; but in the Species
Plantarum it is said to come from Canada. We have never met with it
within the limits of the United States.
6. R. hirtellum (Michx.): stems prickly or naked; subaxillary spines
usually solitary, and very short; leaves roundish, cordate, 3-5-lobed,
toothed, pubescent beneath; peduncles very short, deflexed, 1-2-flowered ;
calyx-tube campanulate, glabrous, hairy at the throat withip ; the segments
twice the length of the petals, nearly equalling the stamens and 2-clefl hairy
style ; fruit smooth.—Michx. ! fl. 1. p. I l l ; Pursh, fl. 1. p. 163. R. sax-
osum, Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 230. R. triflorum, Bigel. fl. Bost.: ed. 2.
p. 90?
In rocky places, Hudson’s Bay ! and Lower Canada ! to Massachusetts !
and on the Alleghany mountains, ex Pursh. West to Saskatchewan and
Lake Superior ! May-June.—This species has the same short peduncles as
R. oxyacanthoides, but in the form of the calyx it is more like R. Cynosbati.
The spines are sometimes wanting; the leaves are quite small and more or
less pubescent. Flowers greenish-white tinged with purple. Fruit (red,
Michx.) bluish-purple.
7. R. gracile (Michx.): branches slender, seldom a little prickly ; subaxillary
spines 1-3, very small and slender, subulate; leaves roundish, 3-lobed,
incisely toothed, pubescent, as well as the slender petioles; peduncles and
pedicels elongated, almost filiform, 1-2-flowered, pubescent, as well as the
calyx and ovary ; segments of the calyx linear-ligulate, many times longer
than the very short tube, and about the length of the very hairy filaments,
at length recurved; petals lanceolate, minute ; anthers ovate-oblong ;
style as long as the stamens, 2-cleft, at the apex, very hairy below; fruit
smooth.—Michx.! fl. l . p . I l l , not of Pursh, nor Torr.fl.
Mountains of Tennessee, Michaux! In Texas, near St, Augustine, Dr.
Leavenworth ! April.—A quite distinct species with slender branches and
very small leaves. We have drawn our description from Dr. Leavenworth’s
plant, which we believe to be the same with that in the herbarium
of Michaux.
8. R. rotundifolium (Michx.): stems not prickly; subaxillary spines short,
usually solitary ; leaves roundish, 5-lobed, nearly glabrous, shining above;
the lobes short and obtuse, incisely toothed; peduncles slender, 1-2-flowered,
glabrous ; calyx cylindrical and narrow, glabrous, as well as the ovary ; the
segments linear-oblong, a little spreading, twice the length of the tube ; filaments
exserted, glabrous, twice or thrice the length of the broadly-spatulate
unguiculate petals ; anthers roundish ; style deeply 2-parted, as long as the
stamens, hairy below ; fruit small, smooth.—Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 110. R. triflorum,
W illd .! hart. Berol. t. 6.1, &f enum. 1. p. 5 1 ; DC. prodr. 3. p,
479 ; Guimp. Otto, <$• Hayne, holz. t. 3 ; Torr.! fl. 1. p. 269 ; Hook.! fl,
Bor.-Am. l . p . 230. R. gracile, Pursh ! fl. 1. p. 165, not of Michx.
In mountainous and rocky places, Massachusetts! New York! to the
mountains of N. Carolina! and west to Missouri, and, according to Douglas,
beyond the Rocky Mountains. June.—Shrub 3-4 feet high, with spreading
recurved branches; the spines occasionally absent. Leaves small, truncate
or slightly cordate, or often a little cuneiform at the base ; tire lower surface,
as well as the short petioles, often somewhat pubescent. Fruit about the size
of the Black Currant, at length purple, delicious.
9. R. divaricatum (Dougl.) : branches divaricate, bristly or naked; subaxillary
spines 1-3, very stout, at length deflexed ; leaves roundish, 3-5-
lobed, incisely toothed, often pubescent; peduncles 2-3-flowered, slender,
nodding; calyx-tube funnel-shaped, about half the length of the oblong reflexed
segments ; stamens exserted, rfiore than twice the length of the deltoid
unguiculate petals ; style as long as the stamens, deeply 2-cleft, hairy below;
fruit smooth.—Dougl.! in hart, trans. 7. p. 515; LincR.! hot. reg. t. 1359 ;
Hook.! fl. Bor. Am. l . p . 231.
Banks of streams, Oregon, Douglas ! Dr. Scouler ! Nuttall! also in California
!—Resembles R. rotundifolium, Michx. but has larger and brownish-
purple flowers of a somewhat different shape, and remarkably large and
stout spines, although these are said to be occasionally wanting. The fruit
is said to be black, about one-third of an inch in diameter, and pleasant to the
taste. A specimen in Douglas’s Californian Collection, probably the R. triflorum
mentioned in the Supplement to the Botany of Beechey’s Voyage, p.
346, perhaps belongs rather to the present species.
10. R. villosum (Nutt.! mss.): “ stems smooth; subaxillary spines 3,
stout, unequal; leaves^ 3-cleft (small) with obsolete lateral lobes, incisely
and unequally toothed, canescently tomentose beneath; peduncles mostly 2-
flowered; bracts roundish-ovate; calyx (brown, hairy) cleft nearly to the
base; petals short, obtuse; stamens somewhat exserted; anthers short and
roundish ; style 2-cleft; ovary smooth.
“ St. Barbara, California ; common near the village on the plain.” Nuttall.—
We have only seen a very imperfect specimen of this species, which
appears distinct, but is perhaps too near R. divaricatum.
11. R. irriguum (Dougl.): subaxillary spines 3; leaves cordate, about
5-lobed, toothed,' ciliate, hairy on both sides, veiny; peduncles 3-flowered,
glandularly hairy; calyx campanulate; the segments linear, equal to the
tube; fruit smooth. Dougl. in hart, trans. 7. p. 5 l6 ; Hook. 1. c .; Lindl.
hot. reg. sub t. 1349.
Moist mountain-rocks, near springs and streams on the Blue Mountains,
lat. 46°, and on the Spokan River, N. W. America, Douglas.—Hooker sus