scabrous above, not shining, scabrous-pubescent beneath; spines wanting •
corymbs (in frmt) 2-4-flowered, tomentose-pubescent; segments of the calvx
small, triangular-lanceolate, entire; styles 2-4; fruit (immature) subglobose,
rather large. °
Prairies of Opelousas, Louisiana, Prof. Carpenter /—This species bears a
strong resemblance to C. parvifolia; but the leaves are larger (particularly on
the young branches) and much more attenuate at the base ; the specimens are
thornless; the corymbs often at least 4-flowered ; and the calyx-segments
axe entire, not glandular, and not half the size of those of C. parvifolia It
forms a tree from 20-25 feet high, according to Prof. Carpenter. We have
no flowers, and, although collected in July, the fruit is still unripe.
t Doubtful Species.
17. C. unilateralis (Pers.): leaves cuneiform or oblanceolate, obtuse,
crenate, undivided, corymbs unilateral; fruit urceolate. Pers. syn. 2. p 37
Carolina, m herb. Lamarck, without flowers. Persoon— It is impossible
to identify this species. It is perhaps C. parviflora, or C. spathulata.
C. prunellifolia (Bose), of which a specimen without fruit or flowers is in tbs
herbarium of De Candolle, is as likely to be a Prunus as a Crataegus.
C. heterophylla (Flugge) is not a North American plant.
27. PYRUS. L in n .; Lindl. in Lin. trans. 13. p. 97.
Pyrus & Sorbus, Linn. Pyrus, Malus, & Sorbus, Tourn.
Calyx-tube urceolate; the limb 5-lobed. Petals roundish. Styles 5, or
sometimes 2-3, distinct or often united at the base. Pome fleshy or baccate,
closed: carpels 2-5, cartilaginous of nearly membranaceous. Seeds 2 in
each c e ll: testa chartaceous or cartilaginous.—Trees or shrubs, with simple
or pinnate leaves. Flowers (white or rose-color) in spreading terminal simple
or compound corymbose cymes. Fruit mostly eatable.
The genus is more commonly retained in the form adopted by Lindlev
m his revision of the tribe. But it will probably be again divided, perhaps as
has been done by Koch. (FI. Germ, et Helv.) F 1
§ 1. Leaves simple, not glandular: cymes simple; the pedicels mostly umbellate
: petals spreading, fla t: styles (3-5) united at the base : pomemostly globose
or depressed, umbilicate at the base: carpels (putameh) cartilaginous.
—Malus, Tourn. (Apple.)
1. P. cormaria (Linn.): leaves ovate, on very slender petioles, obtuse or
subcordate at the base, incisely serrate, often lobed, glabrous when old ; pedicels
glabrous; styles united and woolly at the base ; fruit small, fragrant.
—Linn. spec. 1. p. 4801 Ait. ! 1. c. ; W illd.! spec. 2. p. 1019 ; DC ' l c ■
3 8 * : - i f ; S f L \ 2 0 0 9 S 9» u diet. , Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 292 ; Michx.f. sylv. 26. 5p1.- 67M, atl.u 6s5 c.°ronaria, Mill,
Borders of woods, Michigan! (and near Lake Superior," Dr. Pitcher!)
and western part of New York ! to Louisiana, and the upper districts of S
fnaroAra a ?- , 0r^ a! sometimes cultivated. April-May— A small tree
10-20 feet high. Corymb few-flowered: the flowers pale rose-color, very
targe, fragrant: petals somewhat unguiculate. Fruit depressed-globosb
( 1 - li inch m diameter) greenish-yellow and somewhat translucent when
ripe, firm, extremely acid, ripe in September.— Crab-Apple. Sweet-scented
Crab-tree.
2. P. angustifolia (Ait.) : leaves lanceolate-oblong, often acute at the base,
dentate-serrate or almost entire, glabrous, shining above; pedicels glabrous ;
styles distinct and glabrous; fruit small.—A i t ! Kew. (ed. 1.) 2. p. 273 ; Wats,
dendrol. t. 132; Ell. sk. 1. p. 559 ; Lindl. ! bot. reg. i. 1207. P. coronaria"
Walt. ; Wang. Amer. p. 161, t. 21, f. 47. Malus angustifolia, Michx. ! 1. c.
Pennsylvania! to Georgia and 'Louisiana! March-May.—Resembles
the preceding; the fruit smaller, &c.
3. P. rivularis (Dougl.): leaves ovate, acute, undivided or often somewhat
3-lobed, acutely serrate, pubescent, especially beneath ; calyx and
pedicels tomentose, or at length only pubescent: styles (3-4) glabrous, united
below the middle ; fruit very small, ovoid-globose (not umbilicate at the
base ?); the lobes of the calyx at length deciduous.—Dougl. ! in Hook fi
H 3°3’ ' 68' P ' diversifolia> -Bongard ! veg. Sitcha, h e .
Banks of streams, Oregon and N. W. Coast, Menzies! Douglas! Dr.
Scouler ! Nuttall! Sitcha, Bongard ? April-May.—Tree 20-25 feet high.
Flowers rather large. Lobes of the calyx woolly within, as in other species
of this section. Fruit red or yellow (scarcely as large as a cherry, and of a
pleasant flavor, Nutt.), used as an article of food by the Chenook Indians
The wood is very hard, capable of receiving a high polish, and is employed
by the natives for making wedges. This species belongs to the section Malus,
rather than to Torminaria.
Pyrus Malus (the Apple) is occasionally found in hedge-rows and neglected
fields, but is scarcely naturalized in any part of the country.
Pyrus Michauxii (Bose) is not a North American species.
§ 2. Leaves simple : the midrib glandular along the upper side: cymes compound
: petals spreading, concave : styles (3-5) united at the base : pome
turbinate or globose: carpels (putamen) somewhat cartilaginous.__Adenorachis,
DC. (Aronia, Pers. partly.)
4. P. arbutifolia (Linn, f.) : leaves obovate-oblong, obtuse, acute, or acuminate,
crenately serrulate, attenuate into a short petiole, shining above
vemy beneath; fruit pyriform, or nearly globose when ripe.—Linn f '
suppl. p .2 5 6 ; Hook.! 1. c. —
a. erythrocarpa: calyx, peduncles, and lower surface of the leaves, at least
when young, tomentose; fruit dark red— Hook.! 1. c. P. arbutifolia, DC. !
l.c . ; Willd. - spec. 2. p. 1012. P. floribunda, Lindl. bot. reg. t. 1006.
P. depressa, Lindl. in hort. trans. ? Mespilus arbutifolia, Linn. ! spec. 1.
p . 478; Michx. ! 1. c. (a. erythrocarpa.) Aronia pyrifolia & arbutifolia,
Pers. syn. l .p . 39. A. arbutifolia, Ell. sk. l .p . 556; Spach ! suite Buff.
Crataegus pyrifolia, Lam., ex DC.
B. melanocarpa: calyx, peduncles, and leaves glabrous or nearly so; fruit
purplish-black.—Hook. ! 1. c. P. melanocarpa, Willd.! enum. 1. 525 •
DC. ! 1. c. P. grandifolia (& pubens?), Lindl. 1. c., &■ bot. reg. t. 1154
Mespilus arbutifolia B. melanocarpa, Michx. ! 1. c. Aronia melanocarpa,
ELI. l..c. A. arbutifolia B. melanocarpa, Torr. ! fl. 1. p. 479. A glabres-
cens, Spach! 1. c.
In low thickets or on the borders of swamps, Canada ! from Newfoundland
! and the Saskatchawan ! and throughout the Northern States ! to