13. CE. spedosa (Nutt.) : perennial, puberulent; stems erect or ascending,
flexuous, often branching; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, attenuate
at the base; the radical and lower cauline ones pinnatifid, or pinnately
toothed towards the base, petioled; the uppermost denticulate or remotely
toothed; flowers (large) in a loose at length elongated spike; tube of the
calyx longer than the ovary, but shorter than the conspicuously acuminate
segments; capsules slightly pedicelled, thick and almost ligneous, clavateobovate,
rather acute, strongly 8-ribbed, the alternate ribs cristate.__Nutt.!
in jour. acad. Philad. 2.p. 119 ; Hook, exot.fi. t. 80 ; DC.! prodr. 3. p. 50.
Xjdopleurum Nuttallii, Drummondii, and obtusifolium, Spach! Onagr.
a. puberulent or canescently pubescent; bracts shorter than the slightly
pedicelled capsules.—CE. speciosa, Nutt.! l.c.; Don, inBrit. fi. sard. ser. 2.
t. 253 ; Hook. hot. mag. t. 3189 / Spach ! 1. c.
0. bracts foliaceous, the lowermost as long as the tube of the calyx ; capsules
slightly pedicelled.
y. minutely puberulent; bracts mostly foliaceous, shorter than the tube of
the calyx; pedicels in the lower flowers as long as the capsules.
Red River, Arkansas, Nuttall! Dr. Pitdier ! Texas, Drummond !—
Stem often a little woody at the base, varying from 6 inches to 2-3 feet high.
Petals very large and broad, slightly obcordate, “ yellow at the base, with
several yellowish-green veins.” (Hook.) Stamens a little shorter than the
petals. Style longer than the stamens : stigmas linear-filiform. Alternate
ribs of the capsule almost winged.—The leaves vary considerably in the degree
of division, as well as in the pubescence : they exhibit round pellucid
dots under the microscope. The size of the bracts and the length of the pedicels
are also variable.
t t Flowers (scarcely odorous) erect before their expansion, diurnal, yellow, unchanged
in fading. (Kneiffia, Spach.) 14 *
14. CE.fruticosa (Linn.) : perennial, hairy or almost glabrous; stem simple
or branching above (often purplish), erect; leaves lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, repandly denticulate ; corymb peduncled, naked below, elongated
in fruit; tube of the calyx much longer than the ovary ; petals (large) broadly
obcordate, longer than the acuminate calyx segments and stamens ; capsules
oblong-clavate, 4-winged, with intermediate ribs, longer than the pedicels.—
Linn. ! spec. 1. p. 456 ; Nutt. gen. 1. p. 247 ; Torr. ! fi. 1. p. 389 ;
DC. ! 1. c. ; Hook.! fi. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 212, Sp hot. mag. fol. 3548, (excl.
y. & S.) CE. hybrida, Michx. ! fi. 1. p. 225. Kneiffla suffruticosa & flori-
bunda, Spach! 1. c.
0. amhigua: corymbs peduncled, sometimes leafy; leaves (membranaceous)
oblong-lanceolate; tube of the calyx longer than the segments; petals
(smaller) longer than broad— Nutt.! 1. c T o r r . . ' 1. c .; Hoolc.! hot. mag.
I. 3548. CE. ambigua, Spreng. syst. 2. p. 229 ; DC. 1. c. CE. Canadensis,
Goldie, in. Edinb. jphil. jour. fide Hoolc,
y.phyllopus: corymbs sessile, leafy. Hook. l.c. CE. fruticosa, Bot. mag.
t. 332., fide Hook. CE. serotina, Don, in Brit. fl. sard. (ser. 2 ) t. 184 •
L in d l! hot.reg.t. 1840. S V 1 ’
<5. incana: leaves elliptical-lanceolate, canescently hairy; corymbs few-
flowered— Hook.! 1. c, CE. incana, Nutt. 1. c.
c. hirsuta: clothed with villous-hirsute hairs; peduncles 1-few-flowered:
petals longer than broad.—Nutt.! mss. CE. pilosella, Raf. ann. naUp. 15.
In dry sterile soil, Canada? New York! and Ohio! to Florida and Louisiana!
June-Aug.—Stem (1-3 feet high, rigid but not shrubby), leaves, See.,
varying exceedingly in the degree of pubescence, sometimes almost glabrous.
Leaves sessile or slightly petioled, marked with minute translucent linear
dots, as in many other species, sometimes membranaceous, often firm.
Flowers large: petals rather pale yellow. Capsules sometimes clustered,
very short, mostly glabrous, twice the length of the pedicels, 4-winged quite
to the base ; the intermediate ribs strong but not projecting.—We fully agree
with Hooker as to the limits of this polymorphous species, except that CE.
Fraseri seems to us a different species (although CE. fruticosa is sometimes
cultivated under this name). CE. linearis, which Hooker inclines to consider
a variety, is certainly distinct, although the present species sometimes has almost
linear-lanceolate leaves.
15. CE. glauca (Michx.) : perennial, very glabrous and a little glaucous;
stem erect, branching above; leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, sessile, repand-
denticulate, mostly obtuse,; flowers (large) in short leafy corymbs ; tube of
the calyx many times longer than the ovary; petals broadly obovate, emar-
ginate and erosely crenulate at the summit, much longer than the acuminate
calyx-segments; capsules ovoid-oblong, 4-winged, tapering at the base into
a very short pedicel.—Michx.! fl. 1. p. 224 ; Bot. mag. 1.1606; Lindl. ! hot.
reg. 1.1511. Kneiffia glauca, Spach! L c.
0. Fraseri: leaves ovate-lanceolate, sometimes slightly petioled.—CE.
Fraseri, Pursh,fi. 2. p. 734 ? CE. fruticosa e. Fraseri, Hook. ! hot. mas. fol.
3548. Kneiffia Fraseri, Spach.! 1. c.
Woods in the valley of the Mississippi, Michaux ! Kentucky, Dr. Short!
and m the mountainous portion of Virginia! and Carolina! May-July.__
Stem 2-3 feet high. Leaves 14—3 inches long, mostly obtuse, sometimes
attenuate to a narrow apex and rather acute, ■ marked with linear dots.
Flowers pearly sessile, very showy.—This is a perfectly glabrous and more or
less glaucous plant, with broader leaves and larger flowers than CE. fruticosa.
It is apparently almost confined to the neighborhood of the Alleghany
mountains. - , - J
16. CE. riparia (Nutt.): biennial, slightly pubescent; leaves linear-lanceolate,
elongated, attenuate at the base and somewhat petioled, remotely and
obscurely glandular-denticulate-or entire; flowers (large) in a somewhat
leafy at length elongated raceme; tube of the calyx much longer than the
ovary; petals slightly obcordate, longer than the stamens and the acuminate
Ci~iyx-segments; capsules oblong-clavate, often shorter than the pedicels,
shghtly 4-winged,_with 4 strong intermediate ribs.— Nutt.! gen. 1 . p. 247.
Swamps and river-banks, Quaker-bridge, New Jersey! and from North
'Carolina! to Florida! June—July.—Stem 2-3 feet high, slender, often vir-
gately branched. Leaves rather thick, mostly obtuse, 2-4 inches long, pubescent
along the midrib and margins. Flowers fully as large as in CE. fruticosa.
Pedicels of the lower flowers often an inch in length.
J linearis (Michx.): perennial? erect; stem slender and often
branched; leaves linear or narrowly lanceolate, rather obtuse, remotely denticulate
or entire; flowers (rather large) somewhat corymbose at the extremity
of the branchei; tube of the calyx slender, longer than the ovary, but scarcely
exceeding the segments; petals longer than the stamens and calyx-seg-
mqnts; capsules clavate-turbinate or obovate, mostly pubescent or canescent,
Wi the alternate angles slightly winged above, tapering at the base into a
t n nd,er Pediceh—MtcAr. / fl. 1. p. 225; Pursh, l. c .; Nutt.! gen. 1. p. 248 :
Spach l c /’ P' 444’ Kneiffia angVstif°lia> Spach! 1. c. K. maculata,
0. stems often decumbent at the base, at length much branched; leaves
smaller.
In dry sandy places, Virginia! to Florida! and Louisiana. 0. Montauk
romt, Long Island! and North Carolina towards the mountains1 April-
63 y