+ Doubtful species.
33. V. radicans (DC.): rhizoma horizontal, fibrillose; stigma with a
short beak, margined; leaves ovate-lanceolate, abruptly attenuate at the base, or
somewhat cordate, serrate; stipules linear, setaceously subulate, with bristly
serratures; sepals linear, acute; lateral petals obovate, beardless ?, the lowest
one smaller; spur almost none. DC. prodr. 1. p. 207.
South Carolina, Michaux fil. (ex De Cand.).—Is this a variety of V.
Muhlenbergii 1
3. SOLE A. Gingins, in DC. prodr. l.p . 306..
Sepals nearly equal, not auricled, (reflexed after flowering, Gingins). Petals
unequal; the lowest one 2-lobed and somewhat gibbous at the base ; the
rest emarginate. Stamens cohering; the lowest 2 bearing a gland above
the middle. Stigma uncinate, with a pore at the extremity of the point.
Capsule somewhat 3-sided, surrounded at the base by the concave torus.
Seeds 6-S, very large.—An herbaceous perennial herb, with alternate cauline
leaves, and small flowers on solitary or geminate axillary peduncles.
Scarcely a distinct genus from the succeeding.
& concolor (Ging.)—DC. prodr. 1. p. 306. Viola concolor, Forst. in Linn,
trans. 6. p. 308. t. 28 ; Nutt. ! gen. 1. p. 151; Schwein. f l. c. ; Torr.! A.
l.c. V. stricta, Spreng. pug. rar. 1. p. 22. Ionidium Sprengelii, Roem &■
Schult. syst. 5. p. 401. ^
Wet shady woods, western part of the State of New-York ! to Carolina;
west to Missouri! April-May—Plant somewhat pubescent or hairy.' Stem
simple, leafy, a foot or more high. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, somewhat
erect, attenuated at each extremity. Peduncles very short, recurved. Flowers
greenish. Sepals about the length of the corolla. Lowest petal twice as
large as the others. Filaments produced a little above the anthers : nectariferous
glands sessile, confluent. Stigma glabrous, not margined. Capsule
nearly an inch long. Seeds whitish, globose-obovate.
4. IONIDIUM. Vent, (in part); DC. prodr. 1. p. 307.
Sepals small, unequal, not auricled, membranaceous on the margin. Petals
unequal; the inferior one much larger than the others, somewhat ungui-
culate, with a dilated lamina, a little concave or gibbous at the base. Stamens
approximate; filaments somewhat unguiculate, bearing the anthers low
down; the 2 anterior ones usually with a nectariferous gland or appendage
at the base. Capsule few-seeded.—Herbaceous or suffruticose humble plants.
Leaves alternate or opposite. Peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, articulated
usually with 2 bracteoles above the middle.
1. I. stipulaceum (Nutt.! mss.): nearly glabrous, annual (?) ; leaves alternate
; lower ones oblong; upper ones oblong-linear and linear, entire; stipules
large, linear-lanceolate; sepals very acute; limb of the inferior petals
reniform, twice as long as the calyx; appendages of the lower stamens subulate.
Plains of Red River, Arkansas, Nutiall! and on the Arkansas near
Fort Towson, Dr. Leavenworth! Texas, Drummond! Mav-June.__
Plant 8-12 inches high. Leaves about l i inch long, sometimes all except
the uppermost oblong or oblong-lanceolate, sessile, scabrous on the margin;
upper ones usually much narrower, acute. Stipules nearly half as long as
the leaves. Flowers 2 lines long: peduncles slender, much shorter than the
leaves, without bracteoles, articulated above the middle. Sepals nearly equal,
strongly carinate. Lower petal contracted into a claw in the middle, dilated
again and somewhat gibbous at the base; limb emarginate, strongly veined;
lateral petals incurved, oblong; superior ones much the smallest. Filaments
contracted at the base into a short but distinct claw ; upper portion ovate and
somewhat acute; the lowest two with a small subulate appendage pointing
upward. Ovary triangular: style slender; stigma small, not rostrate. Capsule
3-sided, glabrous, about 6-seeded. Seeds ovate-globose, glabrous, light
brown.
2. I. lineare (Torr.) : somewhat pubescent; stem branched; leaves linear,
narrow, entire; stipules linear,minute. Torr.! in ann. lyc. New-York,
2. p. 168. ; ■ ‘ '
On the Red River, Arkansas, Dr. James !—Leaves an inch or more in
length, scarcely more than a line long, pale green, scabrous on the margin.
Stipules one-third the length of the leaves. Capsules glabrous.—Of this
plant we have but a single imperfect specimen, which was collected by Dr.
James in Long’s 1st Expedition. It may prove to be a variety of I. stipulaceum,
but it differs considerably from that species.
Or d e r X IX . D R O S E R A C E ^ I. D C .
Sepals 5, persistent, equal, sometimes united at the base, imbricated
in asstivation. Petals 5, alternate with the sepals, nearly or quite hy-
pogynous, marcescent. Stamens distinct, marcescent, usually as
many as the petals and alternate with them, rarely 2 -3 times as many :
filaments capillary or flattened: anthers extrorse or innate ; cells
distinct, or somewhat connivent above, opening longitudinally, or rarely
by a terminal pore. Ovary composed o f 2 -5 united carpels, 1-cel-
led : placentae parietal, or filling the base o f the c e l l : styles 2—5, usu-
ally distinct or united at the base merely, each 2 -parted or multifid
and pencil-shaped ; sometimes all united into one. Capsule 2-5-valv-
ed, loculicidal, with the valves placentiferous in the middle, or indehis-
cent with the placenta at the base, many- (rarely few-) seeded. Seeds
anatropous: testa sometimes arilliform. Embryo short, at the base
o f cartilaginous or fleshy albumen.—Herbs, or rarely sufirutescent
plants (growing in swamps or wet places). Leaves alternate or
crowded, entire, commonly furnished with glandular hairs, with a circulate
vernation (except Dionaea): stipules none, or in the form o f a
tuft or fringe of scarious hairs at the base o f the petioles.
1. DROSERA. Linn. ; Lam. ill. t. 220 ; Gcertn. f r . t. 61.
Stamens 5. Styles 3-5, 2-parted; the divisions somewhat thickened
toward the apex, or multifid. Capsule subglobose or ovoid, usually 3-valved
at the top: valves placentiferous to the summit. Seeds very numerous, in
19