e. pumila: “ dwarf; leaves small, roundish-oval, obtuse at both ends,
coarsely and sharply serrate from near the base, glabrous when young;
petals oblong, about twice the length of the calyx.” A. pumila, Nutt. !
mss.
£' oligocarpa: shrubby; leaves mostly glabrous even when young, narrowly
oval or oblong, cuspidate, finely and sharply serrate; racemes 2—4-
nowered ; petals obovate or obovate-oblong, about twice or thrice the length
of the calyx.—Mespilus Canadensis <S. oligocarpa, Michx.! 1. c. Pyrus
sangumea, Pursh, l. c. ? Aronia sanguinea, Nutt. 1. c. Amelanchier san-
grnnea, PC. 1. c ; Lindt, hot. reg. t. 1171 ; Hook. ! 1. c.
Along streams and in swampy grounds, sometimes in dry rocky places,
throughout the United States! and Canada! to Newfoundland ! and Subarctic
America. <S. Northern and Western States! to Oregon! e. Near the
sources of the Platte in the Rocky Mountains, Nuttall! g. Wet mountain
swamps, New York! and New England States! to Newfoundland! Labrador!
Hudson’s Bay! Saskatchawan! &c. April-May. (February and
March in the Southern States.)—Fruit red, turning blackish-purple when
fully ripe, somewhat pruinose, sweet, ripening in July and August:
it is used by the aborigines in the Northern regions as an article of food.
Numerous forms intermediate between those here described constantly occur,
rendering it impossible to distinguish any of them as species, although the
last mentioned is the most peculiar. Indeed, except in the shorter and less
subulate calyx-segments, it is difficult to distinguish the American species
from A. vulgaris.—Shad-flower.
30. PERAPHYLLUM. Nutt. mss.
Calyx-tube urceolate ; the limb 5-lobed. Petals 5, broadly obovate, un~
guiculate. Stamens about 20, exserted. Styles 2, rarely 3, coherent below.
Pome small, nearly dry, containing 2 (rarely 3) almost distinct carpels, each
2-celled by a spurious dissepiment; the cells 1-seeded : endocarp cartilaginous.
Seeds angular, compressed: testa cartilaginous.—A low exceedingly
branched shrub, with rigid lanceolate much crowded leaves terminating the
branchlets. Corymbs 2-4-flowered : petals white ?”
P. ramosissimum (Nutt.! mss.)
Dry hill-sides near the Blue Mountains of the Oregon. An exceedingly
branched shrub, 4-6 feet high, with hard white wood and greyish bark.
Branches short and tortuous, not thorny, covered with circular scars, the cicatrices
of the fallen clustered leaves. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, an
inch or more in length, entire or obsoletely serrulate, smooth and shining
above, very minutely pubescent beneath. Stipules obsolete. Calyx urceolate,
the tube wholly adnate to the ovary; the border small; segments reflexed
tomentose within. Styles filiform, thickened towards the summit, longer
than the stamens, united and pubescent below. Fruit nearly globose, about
the size of a pea, dry (perhaps not always so/somewhat gelatinous when
steeped), with a brownish yellow vesicular epidermis: carpels conic, pubescent
along the Inside nearly to the base. Seeds dark brown, about half the
size of those of the Apple, but with a rather thicker testa, gibbous and
somewhat triangular, compressed at the sides. Seed erect. Radicle at the
base of the seed.” Nutt.—Mr. Nuttall compares this curious plant with
Purshia, which it is not unlike in habit. Its nearest affinity is doubtless
w th Amelanchier, but it forms a very distinct genus. We have not seen
flowering specimens.
Order L. CALYCANTHACEiE. Lindl.
Sepals and petals indefinite, confounded, combined in a fleshy
tu b e : aestivation imbricated. Stamens indefinite, inserted on the
fleshy border at the mouth o f the tube, the inner sterile : anthers adnate,
extrorse. Ovaries several, with a terminal style, inserted on
the inner surface o f the concave disk or torus which lines the tube o f
the c a ly x : ovules solitary, or 2 one above the other, ascending.
Achenia enclosed in the fleshy tube o f the calyx, 1-seeded. Seed
solitary, anatropous, without albumen. Cotyledons convolute.—
Aromatic shrubs (natives o f North America and Japan) ; the stems
at length having four imperfect external axes o f growth. (Cf.
Mirbel, in ann. sci. nat. 14, t. 13.) Leaves opposite, scabrous, entire,
without stipules. Flowers axillary and terminal, solitary.
1. 'CALYCANTHUS. Linn. ; Lam. ill. t. 445; Lindl. hot. reg. (1819.)
Lobes of the calyx imbricated in several series, lanceolate, colored, all
more or less coriaceous or fleshy. Stamens unequal, deciduous, about 12
of the outer ones fertile.—Shrubs (North American); the bark and leaves
exhaling a camphoric odor. Flowers lurid purple, expanding after the
leaves.— Carolina Allspice. Sweet-scented Shrub.
1. C.Jloridus (Linn.): leaves oval or ovate-lanceolate, often pubescent or
tomentose beneath; peduncles very short.
а. leaves oval, mostly acute or acuminate, tomentose beneath,, as well as
the branchlets ; branches spreading.—C. floridus, Linn.! spec. ed. 2. p. 718;
Bot. mag. 2. 503; Michx.! fl. 1. p. 305; W illd .! hort. Berol. 1. p. 80;
Nutt.! gen. 1. p. 312; Ell. sk. 1. p. 576; Guimp. Otto, &j Hayne, holz. t.
4 ; DC. prodr. 3. p. 3. C. sterilis, Walt.
0. inoaorus : “ segments of the calyx linear-lanceolate, pubescent; leaves
lanceolate, scabrous and shining on the upper, smooth on the lower surface ;
branches expanding.” EU.—C. inodoirus, Ell. sk. 1. p. 576.
y . leevigatus : leaves oblong or ovate-lanceolate, gradually acute or acuminate,
glabrous beneath; branches erect.—C. leevigatus, Willd .! hort.
Berol. t. SO; Nutt.! gen. 1. p. 312; Ell. 1. c .; Guimp. Otto, Sf Hayne,
l. c. t. 6; DC. 1. c. C. fertilis, Walt. C. ferax, Michx.! 1. c. (Varies with
the leaves scabrous and sometimes almost smooth above.)
б. glaucus: leaves oblong or ovate-lanceolate, gradually acuminate, glaucous
and glabrous or somewhat pubescent beneath ; branches spreading.—
C. glaucus; Willd. ! hort. Berol. p. 80 ; Nutt. ! 1. c .; Ell. 1. c .; Guimp.
Otto, 8f Hayne, holz. t. 5 ; DC. 1. c.
Hill-sides, and in fertile soil along rivulets, Virginia! to Georgia ! nearly
confined to the vicinity of the mountains (common in gardens). Marcli-
June.—We have arranged the several species of Willdenow and Elliott as
varieties of C. floridus, it appearing to us that they do not offer sufficient and
Constant characters, although they doubtless preserve their characteristics