Shady woods of the Wahlamet; particularly abundant near the falls, in
the darkest places.—Plant 3-4 feet high. Root not ligneous, wholly subterranean.
Cauline leaves about 2 : ultimate segments longer than in the preceding
species. Flowers pale red, about an inch long. Capsule oblong,
about 4-seeded, deflexed, of a thick and almost cartilaginous consistence,
burstmg elastically with considerable force, and scattering the seeds to a distance.
Stigma 2-lobed at the base, 4-toothed at the summit.” Nutt.
§ 3. Perennial: stem simple, from a tuberous rhizoma: cauline leaves
f e w : pods oval or oblong.-.—Capnoides, DC.
5. C. pauciflora (Pers.): cauline leaves 2-3, below the middle of the
stem, ternately or biternately divided; segments obovate; bracts ovate,
acute; raceme crowded, few-flowered. DC. prodr. 1. p. 127; Pers. syn. 2.
p. 269 ; Deless. ic. 2. t.3. f . A ; Cham. $ Schlecht. in Linncea, 1. p. 560.
Island of St. Lawrence, in Behring’s Straits, Chamisso. A native also
of Altaic Siberia, from whence we have specimens.—Tuber ovate, sometimes
forked or palmate. Plant about 4 inches high. Leaves nearly radical,
on long petioles, the base of which sheaths the stem. Stem, or rather scape,
longer than the leaves, bearing a short crowded raceme of large purple flowers.
Spur incurved.
4. FUMARIA. L in n .; DC. syst. 2. p. 129.
Only one of the exterior petals spurred or gibbous at the base. Fruit a 1-
seeded subglobose n u t: style deciduous.—Stems branching, leafy. ^Leaves
finely dissected. Flowers small, in dense raceipes.
1. F. officinalis (Linn.): sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, sharply toothed,
about the length of the globose retuse nut; bracts much shorter than the pedicels
of the fruit. Amott, in Hook. J l. Bor.-Am. l.p . 37.
0. diffuse or scandent; segments ofthe leaves broad, glaucous. Amott, l. c.
F. media, DC.prodr. 1. p. 130. F. officinalis, Pursh, % 2. p. 463; Darlingt.
fl. Cest. p. 401; B ig el. fl. Bast. ed. 2. p. 262.
Fields and cultivated grounds. Introduced. May-Aug.— (3) Stem 8-12
inches high, branching, at first erect, at length diffuse. Flowers pale violet
mixed with green and purple/
Or d e r X1Y. CRUCIFERS. Jusk.
Sepals 4, deciduous, imbricated or very rarely valvate in aestivation ;
the two outer (anterior and posterior) corresponding to the stigmas,
often narrower ; the two inner opposite the valves o f the capsule, often
concave or gibbous at the base, rarely spurred. Petals 4, hypogynous,
cruciate, alternate with the sepals, regular, mostly unguiculate and
nearly equal, deciduous. Stamens 6, hypogynous; the two opposite
the lateral sepals shorter and usually inserted somewhat lower than
the others, occasionally toothed ; the other four in pairs opposite the
anterior and posterior sepals, distinct or rarely connate, sometimes
toothed: anthers introrse. Torus with 2 or more green glands between
petals or stamens and the ovary. Ovary composed o f two united carpels,
with two parietal placentae united’ by a membranaceous (false) dissepiment
: style short or none, continuous, often persistent: stigmas 2,
opposite the placentae (anterior and posterior). Fruit (a silique or
silicle) usually 2-celled, rarely 1-celled, one- or many-seeded, dehiscent
by the separation o f the valves from the persistent placentae, sometimes
indehiscent and either lomentaceous or nucumentaceous. Seeds
campulitropous, mostly pendulous (funiculus free or sometimes adnate
to the septum), attached in a single row to each side o f the placentae :
albumen none. Embryo with the cotyledons variously folded on the
radicle (very rarely stra igh t!).—Herbaceous, or rarely somewhat
shrubby plants, with a watery, more or less acrid or pungent, juice.
Leaves alternate, often divided, exstipulate, Flowers in terminal racemes
or corymbs : pedicels mostly ebracteate.
1. Siliquosce.
T hibb I. ARABIDEiE. DC.
Silique dehiscent, usually elongated ; valves somewhat plane : septum
linear. Cotyledons plane, accumbent ( o = ) , parallel with the septum
( i. e. with their edges directed to the placentae).
1. CHEIRANTHUS. R . Br. in hort. Kew. (ed. 2.) 4. p. 118; DC. syst.
2. p. 178..
Silique terete or compressed. Stigma 2-lobed or capitate. Inner sepals
saccate at the base. Seeds in a single series, ovate, compressed.
1. C.capitatus (Dough) : somewhat rough; leaves linear-lanceolate, entire
or more or less toothed, much attenuate at the base, and, with the stem,
strigosely pubescent; hairs closely appressed and 2-parted; flowers yellow
(rather large), densely corymbed; siliques 3 times the length of pedicels.—
Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 38. C. asper, Cham. Schecht. in Linncea, 1. p.
14. (excl. syn.)
California, Chamisso ; Oregon, Douglas.— (T) Stem a foot or more high,
acutely angled. Pedicels 5-6 lines long. Silique 15 lines long and a line in
width: valves marked with a prominent nerve. Stigma capitate, indistinctly
2-lobed. Cham., Hook.
2. C. ? Patlasii (Pursh): leaves linear-lanceolate, repandly toothed,,
nearly glabrous; stem simple, terete, erect; flowers purple. DC. prodr. 1.
p. 136; Pursh, fl, 2, p. 436; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 38,
North West Coast. July. Pursh (ex herb. Lamb.)—(2) Stem covered
with a closely appressed 2-parted pubescence, 7-9 inches high. Leaves
minutely pubescent. Raceme oblong. Pedicels filiform. Silique somewhat
terete. Stigma minute, subcapitate. DC.—Perhaps a Hesperis.