of Drummond exactly accords with Altaic specimens, some of the forms of
which we cannot well distinguish from Mr. Nuttall’s plant.
19. HORKELIA. Cham. Sf Schlecht. in Linneea, 2. p. 26.
Calyx campanulate, 5-cleft, and with 5 alternate segments or bracteoles.
Petals 5, mostly longer than the calyx, obovate or cuneiform, unguiculate.
Stamens 10, in 2 series : filaments shorter than the calyx-segments, dilated,
often deltoid, persistent; those opposite the petals rather smaller and inserted
lower down. Ovaries numerous, fixed by their middle to the dry conical
villous receptacle: styles filiform, terminal, articulated with the ovary by a
broad base, at length deciduous : stigmas obtuse. Aehenia smooth, reniform-
ovate. Seed suspended, obovate, with a thick and firm brownish testa.
Colyledons oval, flat: radicle slightly incurved, superior. Perennial
herbs, with somewhat the aspect of Potentilla. Leaves pinnate or pinnately
parted: the leaflets incised, the upper stipules and bracts mostly incised
or multifid ; the lower stipules mostly adnate to the petiole; the upper
ones usually free. Flowers (white or rose-color) in crowded or subcapi-
tate cymes.
The filaments which are opposite the petals fall away with them : the others
are wholly persistent.
1. H. Californica (Cham. & Schlecht.): villous-pubescent, somewhat
viscid at the summit; radical and lower cauline leaves about 11-foliolate ;
leaflets roundish-cuneiform, deeply incised and toothed; stipules incised or
pinnatifid; cyme expanded, loose, the flowers all pedicellate; segments of
the calyx large, nearly twice the length of the oblong petals; the outer or
bracteolar ones ovate-oblong, mostly 2-3-toothed, equalling or rather longer
than the triangular-lanceolate acute inner or true ones.— Cham. &f Schlecht. !
1. c. H. grandis, Hook. Sf Am. hot. Beechey, suppl. p. 339.
St. Francisco, California, Chamisso! Douglas.—Root thick. Stem 1-2
feet high. Leaflets mostly somewhat alternate, as is often the case in all the
species. Flowers about twice as large as those of H. congesta:; segments of
the calyx foliaceous.—We have not examined the specimens of H.
grandis, Hook. S fA rn .; but from a comparison of their description with the
plant of Chamisso, are satisfied that it is identical with this species. In a
cymose inflorescence of this kind, no great dependence is to be placed on the
length of the alar peduncles; and besides, those of the lower flowers are of
considerable length in Chamisso’s plant.
2. H. congesta (Hook.) : lower part of the stem and the 13-15-foliolate
leaves very hirsute with long hairs, nearly glabrous at the summit; leaflets
narrow, cuneiform, incised chiefly at the apex; stipules almost filiformly
many-parted; flowers more or less crowded on the branches of the large
dense, or at length spreading, fastigiate cyme; peduncles and pedicels glandular
; bracts very short, 3-5-parted ; bracteolar calyx-segments lanceolate,
much shorter and smaller than the triangular true ones, mostly entire; petals
very broadly cuneiform, longer than the calyx.—Hook. ! hot. mag. t. 2880,
8f jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 196 ; Hook. Sf Am. ! hot. Beechey, svppl. p. 339. H.
hirsuta, Hindi. ! hot. reg. suh fed. 1997. H. pilosa, Nutt.! mss.
Interior of Oregon, and on the low hills of the Umtqua River, lat. 41°-42°,
Douglas! Plains of the Wahlamet, Nuttall!—Root thick, fusiform. Stem
1-2 feet high. Cyme naked, many-flowered, at length expanded and rather
loose, for this genus; the flowers (which are larger than any other species
except H. Californica) all distinctly pedicellate. The bracteoles are usually
entire ; but we find them occasionally 2-toothed or even divided to the base,
affording a confirmation of the view, that these organs are the stipules of the
sepals united two and two.
3. H. fusca (Lindl.): viscous-pubescent; radical leaves 12-19-foliolate;
leaflets euneate-oblong, pinnatifid or palmatifid and incised ; stipules deeply
laciniate ; flowers crowded on the branches of the compound cyme ; bracts
palmatifid, much shorter than the glomerules; bracteolar calyx-segments
linear, shorter and much smaller than the triangular-lanceolate true ones;
petals cuneiform-obcordate, much longer than the calyx.—Lin d l.! hot. reg.
t. 1997 ; Hook. 8f Arri. ! 1. c.
Interior of Oregon, Douglas !—Stem 2-3 feet high. Cymes many-flowered.—
The figure cited above does not well represent the outer calyx-segments,
nor the dilated filaments of the native dried specimens.
4. H. cuneata (Lindl.): villous-pubescent; radical leaves 15-25-foliolate;
leaflets roundish-cuneiform, deeply incised ; stipules ovate-lanceolate, mostly
entire ; flowers subcapitate on the branches of the cym e; bracts 3-cleft,
shorter than the villous heads ; bracteolar calyx-segments lanceolate-ovate,
entire, about the length of the lanceolate-triangular true ones, shorter than
the obovate-oblong petals.—Lindl. ! 1. c. suh fol. 1197; Hook. Sf Am . ! 1. c.
H. Douglasiana, Nutt.! mss.
St. Francisco & St. Barbara, California, Douglas! Nuttall!—Stem 6-18
inches high. Petals white. Anthers at length dark brown.
5. H. parmjlora (Nutt.! m ss.): tomentose; upper part of the stem vis-
cidly villous ; radical leaves 9-13-foliolate ; leaflets short, roundish, the upper
ones cuneiform, incised; stipules ovate-lanceolate, small,' entire or
toothed; flowers much crowded on the branches of the fastigiate cyme ; bracts
3-5-cleft, much shorter than the glomerules; bracteolar calyx-segments
linear-subulate, shorter than the narrowly triangular true ones ; petals spatu-
late, longer than the calyx.
, “ Plains of the Oregon towards the Rocky Mountains, in bushy places :
common. July-Aug.—About a foot high. Root thick, fusiform. Flowers
small: petals narrow, rose-color.” Nuttall.—A distinct species, allied to H.
cuneata.
6. H. capitata (Lindl.): somewhat glabrous; stem viscous-pubescent towards
the summit; radical leaves about 13-foliolate; leaflets laciniate-in-
cised, the lower ones roundish-cuneiform, the upper oblong and attenuate at
the base ; stipules entire or 3-parted ; head of flowers dense, shorter than the
laciniate bracts; bracteolar calyx-segments lanceolate-subulate, about the
length of the true ones, shorter than the broadly cuneiform petals.—Lindl. !
I. c. sub fol. 1197 ; Hook. 8f A m . ! 1. c.
Cascade Mountains of the Oregon, Douglas!—Leaflets, as also the bracts,
pretty large, and mostly pinnately incised.
Subtribe 5. F ragarieje.—Calyx flatfish, valvate in aestivation. Stamens
numerous.- Carpels numerous, dry, crowded on a conical or hemispherical
(dry or fleshy) torus : styles lateral or nearly terminal. Seed suspended
or ascending. Radicle superior.—Herbs, or very rarely shrubby
plants.