opposite, furnished with several salient teeth: upper ones with the lateral
segments approximated to the stem. Peduncles usually longer than the
leaves. Heads about the size of a pepper-oorn, when old somewhat cylindrical
ovate : involucre variable in length; in 0. often several times longer
than the head. Flowers blue. Calyx-tube vesicular-papillose.—Allied to
E. Cervantesii, Laroche. .
E.fcetidum (Linn. exol. syn. Pluk.) is not a native of the United States.
Strebanthus, Raf. ! (in Seringe, bulletin,) is founded on Eryngium Baldwinii,
and is incorrectly described, as the parts of the flower are not quaternary.
T ribe III. AMMINEiE. Koch.
Fruit evidently compressed laterally, and usually somewhat didy.
mous. Carpels with 5 equal filiform and sometimes slightly winged
primary r ib s ; the lateral ones marginal : secondary ribs none.
Vittse various. Seed gibbously convex on the back» and flattish on
the face, or terete.—Umbels perfectly compound.
6. AMMI. Tourn.; Koch, Umb. p. 122 ; DC. prodr. 4. p. 112.
Margin of the calyx obsolete. Petals obovate, with an inflexed point,
emarginate, or with 2 unequal lobes; the exterior ones frequently larger.
Fruit laterally compressed, ovate-oblong. Carpels with 5 filiform equal ribs;
the lateral ones marginal. Intervals with single vittse. Commissure with 2
vittse. Carpophore free, 2-parted. Seed terete-convex, flattish on the face.
—Herbs, with a fusiform root, and pinnately divided or many-parted leaves.
Umbels compound, many-rayed. Involucre many-leaved; the leaflets 3'
cleft or pinnatifid. Involucels many-leaved ; the leaflets undivided.
1. A. majus (Linn.) : stem glabrous ; leaves pinnately divided; segments
cartilaginous on the margin, acutely serrate ; lower ones lanceolate; the
upper ones many-cleft, linear.—DC. prodr. 4. p. 112,
Newfoundland,, Pylaie, fide De Candolle.
7. HELOSCIADIUM. Koch, Umb. p. 125; DC. mem. Umb. p . 37.
"Margin of the calyx obsolete or 5-toothed. Petals ovate,, entire, with a
straight or inflexed point. Styles short. Fruit laterally compressed, ovate
or oblong. Carpels with 5 filiform slightly prominent ribs; of which the
lateral ones are marginal. Intervals with single vittse. Carpophore entire, free.
Seed gibbously or teretely convex, flattish on the face.—Herbaceous.
Flowers white,
§ 1. Aquatic, procumbent or creeping: leaves pinnately divided : involucre
1-3-leaved (rarely none): involucels 5-6-leaved.-—Mauchartia, Necker.
1. H. nodiflorum (Koch): stem procumbent, striate ; leaves pinnately divided
; segments oblong, equally serrate ; umbels opposite the leaves, sessile
or on short peduncles; involucre none, or few-leaved, deciduous. DC.
prodr. 4. p. 105. Sium nodiflorum, Linn. spec. 1. p. 251 ,* Walt. Car. p.
115 ; Ell. sk. 1. p. 355.
Wet places, very abundant around Charleston, South Carolina: probably
introduced from Europe. Stem weak, diffuse, about 2 feet long. Upper
leaves frequently ternate ; leaflets acute. Involucre 1-3-leaved, sometimes
wanting : leaflets lanceolate, reflexed : involucels 6-8-leaved. Elliott.—We
have seen no specimens of this plant from any part of North America.
2. H.? Californicum (Hook. & Arn.): procumbent; leaves pinnately divided
; segments 8-10, ovate, acute, incisely serrate; the lower ones pinnatifid
or pinnate, with few segments ; umbels lateral and terminal; involucres and
involucels many-leaved ; styles elongated. Hook. Sf Arn. bot. Beechey,
p, 142.
California, Capt. Beechey.—Habit of H. repens of Europe, but is much
larger, with more numerous and more divided pinnae. It appears to depart
from the generic character in having several leaves to the involucre and a
long style. The fruit is essentially the same in both. Hook. 8f A rn .
§ 2. Leaves ternately or bipinnately divided: involucre and involucels none :
fruit glabrous.—Ctclospermum, DC. ,
3. H. leptophyllum (DC.): glabrous, difluse or somewhat erect; leaves
ternately divided with narrowly linear segments; cauline ones subsessile ;
Umbels opposite the leaves, subsessile ; primary rays 2-3 ; partial umbels
pedunculate; involucres and involucels none.— DC.! mem. soc. Genev. 4, 8f
prodr. 4. p. 105. Sison Ammi, Linn, spec. 1. p. 252, ex DC. Pimpinella
leptophylla, Pers. syn. 1. p. 324. iEthusa leptophylla, Spreng. Umb. prodr.
p. 22 ; Nutt. ! gen. 1. p. 190.
0. ? latifolium : segments of the leaves broader.—Hook. &f Arn. bot.
Beechey, suppl. p. 347.
Alluvial soils, Louisiana, Dr. Hale ! Dr. Riddell! Drummond! &c.
Arkansas, Nuttall! 0. California, Douglas.— Stem 6 inches to 2 feet
long, often divaricate, slender. Segments of'the leaves almost capillary.
Pedicels 4 - i inch long. Fruit about the size of a mustard seed.
8. DISCOPLEURA. DC. mem. Umb. p. 38, t. 8 9.
Calyx-teeth subulate, persistent. Petals ovate, entire, with a minute inflexed
point, Fruit ovate, somewhat didymous. Carpels with the 3 dorsal
ribs filiform, prominent and rather acute ; the 2 lateral ones united with a
thick corky accessory margin. Intervals with single vitts. Carpophore
bifid. Seed somewhat terete.—Annual glabrous (North American) herbs.
Leaves much dissected, with setaceous segments. Leaflets of the involucre
pinnately 3-5-parted, or nearly entire. Flowers white.
1. D. capillacea (DC.): erect or procumbent; umbels 3-10-rayed ; leaflets
of the involucre 3-5, usually 3-cleft; fruit ovate.—DC. ! 1. c. t. 8, A, Sf
prodr. 4. p. 106. . Ammi majus, Walt.! Car. p. 113, not of Linn. A. capil-
laceum, Michx.! jl. 1. p. 164 ; E l f sk. 1. p. 349; Nutt. ! gen. 1. p. 179.
Sison capillaceus, Spreng.! in Schult. syst. 6. p. 411 ; Torr.! Jl. 1. p. 306.
0.1 coslata (DC.) : larger; stem simple below; segments of the leaves
somewhat verticillate ; involucre 10-12-leaved; fruit "deeply sulcate. DC.
1. c. t. 8, B. Ammi costatum, Ell. sk. l.'p. 350.
Brackish swamps, rarely far from salt water, Long Island ! to Georgia !
0. Swamps on the Ogeechee River, Georgia, Elliott, July-Oct.—About a