scattered, often much larger, roundish, variously lobed or incised, attenuate
into a more or less margined petiole ; segments of the calyx triangular-
ovate, very short, glandless; styles 5; fruit very small (bright red) ovoid-
globose.—Michx.! fl. 1. p. 288; Pers. 1. c.; Ell. sk. 1. p. 552 ; Loudon,
arb. Brit. t. 31; Hook. Sf Am. ! compan. to hot. mag. 1. p. 25. (excl. remark
concerning the fruit); not of Pursh, Seringe, or Lindl. C. microearpa,
Lindl.! hot. reg. t. 1846.* Mespilus spathulata, hort. Par. ! Spach! 1. c.
Virginia! to Georgia ! Florida! Louisiana! Arkansas ! and Texas! not
uncommon. May-June.—Shrub, or small tree, 12-15 feet high; the leaves
of the flowering branches fascicled on short lateral spurs, all greatly inclined
to vary in form; those of the sterile and vigorous branches sometimes 2
inches in length and breadth, 3-cleft or undivided. Spines few and short.
Flowers small and numerous, in nearly simple glabrous corymbs. Fruit
smaller than in C. cordata; the carpels thin and scarcely bony.
* * Corymbs simple, few-(1-6.) flowered.
12. C. eestivalis : flowers appearing rather before the leaves ; spines few
or none; leaves elliptical or oblong-cuneiform (those of the sterile branches
often obovate), slightly petioled, somewhat sinuate-toothed or angled towards
the summit, or irregularly crenate, rarely 3-lobed or incised, tomentose when
young, at length glabrous above, clothed especially along the veins beneath
with a rusty pubescence; corymbs 3-5-flowered, glabrous; flowers rather
large; segments of the calyx short, triangular, glabrous, glandless; styles
4-5 ; fruit (red) very large, globose.— Walt. Car. p. 148 (under Mespilus.) ;
Ell. 1. c. (under C. elliptica.) C. opaca, Hook. 3f A m .! compan. to bot.
mag. 1. p. 25. C. nudiflora, Nutt. ! mss.
0. leaves at length glabrous, except the midrib beneath, shining above.—
C. lucida, Ell. 1. c. ? not of Wang.
Along the low wet banks of ponds and rivers, S. Carolina ! and Georgia!
to I lorida! Louisiana! and Arkansas! Feb.—March.—Stems branching
from the base, often 20-30 feet high. Leaves 2-3 inches in length when
mature ; the margin sometimes a little sinuate or angled and scarcely serrate,
sometimes irregularly crenate, occasionally a little glandular. The
fruit ripens in April and May or June: it is half an inch or three-fourths of
an inch in diameter, quite juicy, of an agreeable acid taste, and is much
esteemed for making tarts, jellies, &c.—May Haw. Apple-Haw.
13. C. flam (Ait.) : leaves obovate-cuneifbrm or somewhat rhomboid,
acute at the base, attenuate into a glandular petiole, serrate, mostly incised
or slightly lobed towards the apex, glabrous; spines straight or arcuate ;
corymbs 1-4-flowered ; pedicels and calyx glabrous ; flowers large ; styles
4-5; fruit large (greenish-yellow), turbinate or pyriform.—A it.! Kew, (ed.
1.) 2.p . 169; Pursh! fl. 1. p. 338; Seringe, l. c .; Loudon, arb. Brit. 3 .p.
823, t. 31 (L ) ; Lindl. ! bot. reg. t. 1939; not of Ell. nor Hook. 1 C. flava,
0. lobata, Lindl. ! bot. reg. t. 1932. C. lobata, Loudon, l. c., not of Bose ?
G. glandulosa, A it.! 1. c., not of Munch, Willd. nor Michx. C. Carolini-
* Pursh, who altogether mistook Michaux’s plant, added to the character of
C. spathulata the phrase “ corymbis paucifloris, pedicellis brevibus, calycibus to-
mentosis” ; which is copied in De Candolle’s Prodromus. Dr. Lindley’s criticisms
on some manuscript observations of one of the authors of this work respecting
the species in question (in the Botanical Register, fol. 1957) proceed on the
supposition that this interpolated phrase forms part of the specific character given
by Michaux.
ana, Pers. 1. c. C. turbinata, Pursh, l. c. 2. p. 725. Mespilus flexispina,
Munch, hcrrl. Weiss, t. 4, ex Ait. M. Caroliniana, Poir. 1. c.
In sandy shady places, Virginia to Florida! May.—Tree 15-20 feet
high. Leaves 2-3 inches long; the margins, as well as of the stipules,
bracts, calyx-segments, &c. often marked with round dark glands, as in
numerous other species. Flowers as large as those of C. coccinea, or even
larger. Fruit yellow or greenish-yellow, scanty, not well-flavored.—Well
distinguished by the form and color of the fruit, and the few (large) flowers.
The C. flava and C. glandulosa of Aiton (fide spec, in herb. Banks) differ
only in the thorns, which are large and stout in the latter, and slender in the
former species. The leaves, petioles, calyx, &c. of this and the following
are commonly more glandular than in the other species.
14. C. elliptica (Ait.): leaves oval-obovate or roundish, cuneate at the
base, or abruptly narrowed into a margined glandular petiole (coriaceous),
shining above, finely serrate, incisely toothed and often slightly lobed towards
the apex, pubescent when young; spines long and slender; corymbs 3-6-
flowered, and, with the calyx and young branches, tomentose-pubescent;
flowers small; pedicels short; segments of the calyx incised or serrate;
styles 5 ; fruit subglobose, rather large (red).—A it.! Kew. (ed. 1) 2. p.
168 ; Seringe, l. c .l not of Ell. Cl'glandulosa, Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 288, not
of Ait. or Willd. C. Michauxii, Pers. syn. 2. p . 38. C. viridis, Walt, ex
E ll.: also “ Summer Haw,” E ll.! 1. c. under C. flava.
0. minor: leaves (smaller) broadly obovate or roundish; fruit green
(always?).—C. Virginica, Loddiges ; Loudon, arb. Brit. 3. p. 482, t 560.
C. spathulata, Pursh, 1.' c.; Seringe, l. c. (ex char.) ; Lindl. bot. reg. t.
1890, not of Michx.! C. parvifolia, Willd. herb. ! fol. 2.
Virginia and N. Carolina! to Georgia! and Florida ! April.—Resembles
C. flava in many respects, but distinguished by the characters given above :
the smaller-leaved forms bear more resemblance to C. parvifolia. In the
wild state the fruit is said to be red, oval or globular, and well-flavored ; but
the C. Virginica bears a green pome in the English gardens, perhaps from
the want of sufficient heat and light. The name imposed by Aiton is retained
on account of its priority; but it is not well chosen.
15. C. parvifolia (Ait.): leaves spatulate-obovate or oblong-cuneiform
(coriaceous), nearly sessile, crenately serrate and rarely somewhat incised
towards the apex, pubescent, the upper surface at length shining and nearly
glabrous; "spines slender; flowers mostly solitary; the short pedicels, calyx,
and branchlets, hirsute-tomentose ; segments of the calyx lanceolate, incised,
foliaceous, as long as the petals; styles 5; fruit roundish-pyriform (pale
greenish-yellow) large, somewhat hairy.—A it.! Kew. (ed. 1.) 2. p. 169;
Willd.! 1. c. ; Pursh! 1. c .; Ell. sk. 1. p. 547; Seringe! m DC. l.c .;
Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 291; Loudon, arb. Brit. 3. p. 841. C. uniflora, Durei,
ex Ait. C. tomentosa, Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 289, not of Linn. Mespilus
xanthocarpus, Linn. f . suppl. M. laciniata, Walt. Car. p. 147. M. axillaris,
Pers. 1. c. M. flexuosa, Poir.! 1. c.
In sandy soil, New Jersey! to Florida! and Louisiana! April-May.—
Stem 3-5 or 8 feet high, much branched, with a few long thorns. Leaves
1-2 inches in length, mostly obtuse and rounded at the summit, rough but
shining above. Segments of the calyx about the length of the half-grown
fruit; which when ripe is eatable, but rather dry, one-third to near half an
inch in diameter, deeply umbilicate at the apex.—The serratures of the
calyx-segments, bracts &c. are glandular; but the leaves have no glands.
16. C. berberifolia: leaves spatulate or narrowly oblong-cuneiform (those
of the sterile branches often broadly obovate), decurrent by a long tapering
base into a short petiole, minutely and evenly serrate toward the summit,