178 CARY 0PHYLLACEJ3. Arenaria.
Upper Canada to the Arctic Sea and N. W. Coast.—If Stem 2-6 inches
high. Petals and sepals 5.
7. S. subulata: glabrous or slightly pubescent; leaves subulate, somewhat
secund, mucronate; peduncles elongated; petals 5, as long as the
calyx; stamens 5-10.—Spergula procumbens 0. Linn. S. subulata, Swa rtz;
Eng. hot. t. 1082; Hook. 1. c.
Rocky Mountains, Drummond.
5. ARENARIA. Linn.; Bartl. ord. nat. p. 305.
Arenaria, excl. § Spergularia, DC.
Sepals 5. Petals 5, entire. Stamens 10 (or by abortion fewer). Styles
3, rarely 2 or 4. Capsule 3-valved; valves usually 2-parted. Seed? numerous,
roundish, small.—Flowers terminal.
§ 1. Flowers aggregated into heads or compact fascicles.
1. A. congesta (Nutt.! mss.) : “ coespitose, glabrous ; leaves long, lineasr-
subulate, pungent; flowers in roundish heads, with crowded membranous
bracts; sepals ovate, membranaceous, obscurely 3-nerved, about half the
length of the oblong petals.
“ Shady hills in the Rocky Mountain range, about Bear River of the Lake
of Timpanagos.—If Stem simple, a foot high. Lower leaves almost like
those of a Pine, very narrow and more than 2 inches long [margin ciliate-
scabrous]. Heads 1-3. Capsule coriaceous, about the length of the calyx.
Seeds very small, angular.—A remarkable species, with somewhat the habit
of Dianthus prolifer.” Nutt. 2 3 4
2. A. Franklinii (Douglas): branches erect, fastigiate, numerous, fragile;
leaves smooth (minutely ciliate-scabrous below), subulate-setaceous ; flowers
fascicled; sepals subulate, scarious, broadly 1-nerved, longer than the linear-
oblong (obtuse) petals. Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 101. t. 35.
Oregon, from the great falls to the source of the Missouri, Douglas.— If
Branching from the base, a span high. Leaves an inch long. Fascicles of
flowers dense, crowded with bracts similar to the leaves. Hook.
3. A. Hooken (Nutt.! mss.): “ caudex branched, casspitose; stems (3
inches high) simple, fastigiate, pubescent; leaves subulate-setaceous; flowers
fascicled; sepals lanceolate-subulate, 1-nerved, rather shorter than the oblong
obtuse sepals.
“ Rocky Mountain range, on the summits of high hills (lat. 40°).—Bracts
and sepals membranaceous.—Nearly allied to A. Franklinii, but with shorter
leaves, bracts, and sepals.” Nutt.
§ 2. Flowers in loose dichotomous cymes, or solitary.
* Leaves gramineous.
4. A. n a rd ifo lia fLedeb.): caespitose; leaves fascicled, linear-setaceous,
very narrow, mucronate, glabrous ; stems erect, glabrous, 1- 3-flowered;
petals obovate, longer than the very obtuse ovate 5-nerved sepals. Hook.—
“ Ledeb. Jl. A ltai”; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 98. t. 32.
Shores of the Arctic Sea, Dr. Richardson.—2f Leaves crowded below
with a curved mucronation. Capsule broadly ovate. Hook.—Our specimen
of A. nardifolia from Altai, does not well agree with Hooker’s figure and
description, but has acutish sepals, and the cusps of the leaves straight.
Arenaria. CARYOPHYLLACEiE.
* * Leaves linear or subulate.
179
5. A. laricifolia (Linn.): leaves subulate, denticulate-ciliate ; stems
ascending, somewhat scabrous or pubescent above, 2- 6-flowered; sepals oblong,
obtuse, 3-nerved, half the length of the petals ; capsule longer than the
calyx.—Pursh, fl. 1. p. 319 ; DC. prodr. 1. p. 98; Cham. Schlecht. in
Linnaea, 1. p. 54.
N. W. Coast, Menzies, Chamisso.
6. A. juniperina (Linn.) : leaves subulate and rigidly pungent, the lower
ones somewnat fascicled, the uppermost distant; stems erect, firm; sepals
ovate, acute, about 1-nerved ; petals obovate, nearly twice as long as the sepals
; capsule roundish-ovate, 3-valved, scarcely exceeding the calyx. DC.—
Pursh, fl. 1. p. 318 ; Smith, ic. ined. t. 35; Hook. 1. c.
Labrador and Newfoundland, Pursh. Between Lakes St. Clair and Huron,
Douglas.—A doubtful native of N. America. The plant of Pursh &
Douglas is perhaps a variety of A. stricta.
7. A. pungens (Nutt.! mss.): “ csespitose, minutely glandularly pubescent;
leaves subulate, canaliculate, pungent, the lower ones squarrosely imbricated
and crowded; flowers few, subpaniculate; sepals lanceolate, obscurely 3-
nerved, longer than the oblong-ovate petals.
“ Summits of hills in the Rocky Mountain range (lat. 41°).— If Stems
about 4 inches high, forming considerable caespitose tufts. Leaves rigid, 3-
nerved. Sepals unusually long and acute.” Nutt.—Nearly allied to A. vema.
8. A. squarrosa (Michx.) : densely caespitose; stem* minutely glandular-
pubescent, few-flowered ; leaves short, subulate-canaliculate, the lower ones
densely squarrose-imbricate, rather obtuse, upper ones few ; petals about 3
times the length of the ovate, very obtuse, nerveless sepals.—Michx. ! fl. 1.
p. 273; Torr.! fl. 1. p. 454; DC. prodr. 1. p. 403; Ell. sk. 1. p. 520. A.
Caroliniana, Walt. Car. 1. p. 141.1 A. imbricata, R a f. in Desv. jour. bot.
1. p. 229? A. Rafinesquiana, Ser.in DCIn
dry sand, New-Jersey ! to Georgia ! April-Sept.—If Root perpendicular,
very long. Flowering branches 5-10 inches high, simple. Sepals herbaceous.
Capsule ovate, obtuse, 3-valved, longer than the calyx. Styles sometimes
4.
9. A. stricta (Michx.): diffusely caespitose, glabrous, branched from the
base ; leaves subulate-setaceous, 1-nerved, much fascicled in the axils ; petals
oblong-obovate, twice the length of the rigid, ovate, very acute, 3-ribbed
sepals.—Michx.! fl. 1. p. 274; Ell. sk. 1. p. 520; DC. prodr. 1.p. 503.
a. strict, few-flowered; leaves erect, crowded, longer than the internodes.
0. diffusely spreading; leaves spreading or recurved, often shorter than
the internodes; branches of the cyme spreading.—A. stricta, Bigel.! fl.
Bost. ed. 2. p. 180. A. stricta 0., Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 99. t. 33.
Rocks and barren ground, Canada! to S. Carolina and Arkansas ! and
north to the Arctic Sea (Hook.) May-Ju!y,—11 Stems 3-10 or 12 inches
high. Capsule about as long as the calyx.—The var. 0. is by far the most
common in the United States, and has very slender peduncles and pedicels;
but the plant varies according to situation, &c.
10. A. tenella (Nutt.! mss.): “ erect, slender, somewhat branched from
the base; leaves filiform-subulate, acute ; peduncles minutely glandular-pubescent;
petals oblong, nearly twice the length of the acute 3-nerved shortish
sepals.
“ Rocky places, plains of the Oregon ! and Arkansas.—(I) Allied to A.
tenuifolia, but with the petals larger and the leaves longer.” Nutt.—We have
this plant also from Dr. Scouler under the name of A. stricta, to which species
it is doubtfully referred by Hooker. The leaves are scarcely if at all fas