§ 6. Caudex above the ground scarcely any: stem (scape) annual, mostly leafless
: calyx free from, the ovary; the sepals nearly distinct, reflexed: petals
with slender claws, often unequal: filaments filiform: seeds longitudinally
striate.—Arabidia, Tausch.
25. S. stellaris (Linn.): leaves rosulate or a little scattered, obovate-
cuneiform, almost sessile, dentate-serrate at the apex; scape corymbose at
the summit; calyx free, reflexed; petals spreading, lanceolate, all attenuate
into a claw. Koch.— Linn.! spec. 1 . p. 400; Pursh, fl. 1.p. 310; Engl,
hot. t. 167 ; Seringe ! in DC. prodr. 4. p. 40; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. l .p . 250 ;
Koch, fl. Germ. &f Helv. p. 271.
Greenland and Labrador! Also in Canada according to Pursh: but this
is doubtful.—Peduncles filiform, ascending, a little hairy. Petals white,
with 2 yellowish spots near the base. Seeds marked with indistinct elevated
toothed striae.
26. S.foliolosa (R. B r .): radical leaves cuneiform, slightly toothed ;
scapes divided; the branches 1-flowered at the summit, and at their base
clothed with a cluster of minute fascicled leaves; calyx inferior, obovate;
limb of the petals cordate-lanceolate. R. B r .! in Parry's 1st voy. suppl. p.
275; Hook.! in Parry's 2nd voy. suppl. p. 13, 8 f fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 251. S.
stellaris y. Linn.fi. Lapp. (ed. Smith) p. 144, t. 2, ƒ. 3, ex R. Br. S. stellaris
0. comosa, Willd .; Seringe in DC. 1. c.
Arctic Islands, Capt. Parry! S(c.—Seems to be distinct from S. stellaris
(which has not been found in Melville Island) by the dense clusters of little
leaves on the scapes, the flowers very few (or none), the obovate calyx,
and particularly by the lamina of the equal petals being cordate at the
base. R. Br.
27. S. leucanthemifolia (Lapeyr.?): more or less viscidly pubescent;
leaves radical, oblong-cuneiform, attenuate into a petiole, incisely toothed;
scape corymbose or panicled, many-flowered, the pedicels capillary; calyx
free, reflexed; petals spreading, unequal, unguiculate; the three larger ones
cordate-lanceolate or abrupt at the base, marked with two yellow spots; the
two smaller lanceolate, attenuate at the base, not spotted; seeds marked
with regular crested striae.
a. villous with viscous hairs; leaves spatulate, attenuate into a long
margined petiole, coarsely and very sharply toothed; scape more or less
leafy; panicle very much branched, diffuse.—S. leucanthemifolia, Michx.!
fl. 1. p. 268; Pursh! fl. l .p . 311; Ell. sk. l .p . 512.
0. leaves less coarsely toothed; scape naked.—S. leucanthemifolia, Hook.!
fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 250, 8 f hot. mag. t. 2959. S. ferruginea, Graham, in
Edinb. phil. jour. July, 1828, ex Hook.
y. leaves linear-spatulate,toothed at the apex only; scape naked.
3. leaves much shorter, incisely serrate-toothed, scarcely petioled; scape
naked, many-flowered, smoothish.—S. stellaris 0- Brunoniana, Berngard!
vfig. Sitcha, p. 140. S. Nootkana, Mocino, ic. ined. ? in DC.
On the mountains of North Carolina! and Georgia (a.) June-Sept.—
0. Rocky Mountains, Oregon! and N. W. Coast! y. Norfolk Sound, Esch-
scholtz ! 3. Sitcha, Bongard ! Norfolk Sound, Eschscholtz!—The plant of
the mountains of N. Carolina is from 12-20 inches high, with a large very
diffuse panicle, continuing to flower through the summer : the leaves are
deeply and pectinately toothed. The Oregon plant we believe to be the
same species, but the leaves are less deeply toothed and the panicle is more
corymbose in all the specimens we have seen. It passes by several gradations
into our var. 3. which is scarcely different from S. foliolosa, R. B r .; a
species which will perhaps prove to be an arctic variety of the present, rather
than of S. stellaris. We have not been able to compare the American plant
with the European S. leucanthemifolia (S. Clusii, Gouan.), which appears
from the description to be the same.
§ 7. Caudex above the ground none: stem (scape) annual, leafless: flowers
small, glomerate or cymose: calyx adherent to the ovary at the base : petals
■scarcely unguiculate .* filaments short, subulate.—Micranthes, Tausch.
28. *S. nivalis (Linn.): leaves ovate or obovate, coriaceous, crenate, attenuate
into a broad petiole; scape naked ; flowers capitate, sessile; the capitu-
lum sometimes branched ; ovary half inferior; segments of the calyx erect,
obtuse; petals persistent, obovate, scarcely twice the length of the calyx.
Hook. _ . ,
a. flowers in a dense head. Hook.—S. nivalis, L in n .. spec. 1. p. 401 (excl.
syn. Growro. !); Engl. bot. t. 440 ,; Pursh, fl. l.p . 310 ; R. B r .! m Parry's
2nd voy. suppl. p. 275; Seringe! in DC. prodr. 4. p. 38; Hook.! fl, Bor,-
Am. 1. p. 248.
0. heads loose, branched. Hook. fl. Bor .-Am. 1. c.
Arctic America, from Greenland! Labrador and Melville Island! to TJna-
laschka. Also on the Rocky Mountains (Drummond) to lat. 41°, Dr. James !
Canada, Pursh.—Hooker remarks that the American specimens often approach
so closely to some of the varieties of the succeeding species that it is
difficult to distinguish them. Flowers white. Capsules deep purple.
29. S. Virginiensis (Michx.): leaves oblong or ovate, or spatulate-obovate,
thickish but scarcely coriaceous, crenately toothed, attenuate into a broad petiole
; scape mostly naked, panieulately branched at the summi t ; flowers in
dense, or at length open, cymose clusters ; calyx adhering to the base of the
ovary only; the segments erect, obtuse, not half the length of the oblong obtuse
petals; carpels (purple) united at the base only, at length divaricate.
Michx.! fl. l .p . 269; Pursh, fl. l .p . 310 ; Don, Saxifr. 1. c.p. 386; Ell.
sk. l.p . 311; Torr.! fl. 1. p- 444; Hook. fi. Bor.-Am. l.p . 248 ; Darlmgt.
fl. Cest. p. 270. S. Virginica, Pers. ; Nutt. gen. 1. p. 285. S. vemalis,
Willd.! hort. Berol. t. 43; Bigel. fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 177 ; Hook.! 1. c.
S. nivalis, Muhl. cat.! P. elongata, Sternb. Saxifr. p. 9. t. 4.
On rocks and dry hills, Canada ! to the Mountains of Georgia: west to
the Mississippi. Also on the Saskatchawan, Richardson! and along the
Oregon River, Douglas, ex Hook. April—June.—Scape 4—12 inches high,
viscous-pubescent or a'little glandular. Bracts linear, the lower ones sometimes
leaf-like. Petals white, sometimes, as well as the calyx-segments,
tipped with purple.—We perceive no essential difference between the S.
Virginiensis & S. vernalis of Hooker. When the plant commences to flower,
the cymose clusters are short and dense; but in their farther develope-
ment these clusters assume that form of centrifugal inflorescence which we
perceive in Penthorum sedoides and other Crassulacese, as also in Hypericum
angulosum (See p. 164 of this volume). We have sometimes observed
a 6-cleft calyx, 6 petals, and 12 stamens.
30. S. Pennsylvanica (Linn.) : leaves oblanceolate or oval, attenuate
into a short margined petiole, obsoletely denticulate, slightly pubescent
; scape naked, striate, viscous-pubescent; cymes in a large oblong
panicle, at length rather loose ; the flowers pedicellate; segments of the
calyx triangular-lanceolate, recurved, scarcely as long as the linear-lanceolate
1-nerved petals ; the tube adherent to the base of the ovary only; stigmas
globose, subsessile ; ovary at first depressed; carpels at length distinct
above, divergent.—Linn.! spec. 1. p. 399 (excl. syn. P lu k .); Michx. ! fl. 1.
p. 269; Pursh! fl. 1 p. 211; Don! Saxifr. l.c. p. 384; Torr.! fl. 1. p.