nial herbs. Leaves 2-3-ternately divided; segments incisely serrate.
Flowers in virgate racemes, white.
§ 1. Monogynous: carpels subglobose: seeds compressed, smooth, horizontal:
staminodia several, very small, with long claws.—Macrotys,
Raf. (Botrophis, R a f ; Fisch. Meyer.')
1. C. racemosa (Ell.): racemes very long; leaflets ovate-oblong, incisely
toothed; staminodia slender, 2-forked.—Ell. sk. 2. p. 16. C. serpentaria,
JJursh, jl. 2. p. 372, Acteea racemosa, L in n .; Michx.! ft. 1. p. 308; DC.
P- 64 5 Book. fl- Bor.-Am. 1. p. 27. A. monogyna, Walt. Car. p.
151. Macrotys actseoides, Raf. in Desv. jour. bot. 2. p. 170. Botrophis
serpentaria, Raf. med. fl. 1. p. 85. B. actseoides, Fisch. <f Meyer l. c.
Woods, Canada! to Georgia land Western States. July.—Root thick
and knotted, with long fibres. Stem 3-8 feet high, glabrous, furrowed,
leaiy near the middle. Leaves 3-ternate: leaflets 2-3 inches long Racemes
branching, 6-12 inches long: pedicels 3-4 lines in length, bracteate.
blowers very fetid. Sepals caducous, greenish-white, concave. Staminodia
4-8! Carpels globose-ovate, glabrous. Seeds 7-8, compressed and
angular as m Actsea. De Candolle states that the flowers are sometimes
digynous $ but we have never observed more than a single ovary in a flower.
§ 2. Di-octogynous (:rarely monogynous); follicles pod-shaped: seeds
flat, vertical, echinate with little scales: staminodia several, spatulate,
or concave and nectariferous at the base; rarely none.—Cimicifuga,
Fisch. & Meyer.
2. C. cordifolia (Pursh) : leaves bitemate ; leaflets broadly cordate, 3- 5-
lobed; ovaries 1—3, glabrous; petals spatulate bifid-; follicles oblong, sessile
—Pursh, fl. 2. p. 373; Ell. sk. 2. p. 17. (excl. syn.); Fisch. &■ Mey. 1. c. -
Bot. mag. t. 2069. C. Americana, Muhl.! cat. ed. 2. p. 54. Actsea cordifolia,
DC. prodr. 1. p. 64.
Shady woods on high mountains of Carolina, Pursh, Muhlenberg!__
About 3 feet high. Leaflets inequilateral, large. Racemes paniculate, elongated,
glabrous. Sepals 5, nearly orbicular. Petals 2-3 (or none), cl,eft
nearly one-third their length ; the segments obtuse and thickened. Follicles
about three-fourths of an inch long, acuminate with a short hooked beak.
Seeds 8-10, oblong, thickly invested with brown chafly scales.
3. C. elata (Nutt.! mss.) : “ leaves bitemate ; leaflets cordate, lobed incisely
toothed, pubescent beneath; ovaries 2-3, glabrous ; petals none/follicles
oblong, sessije.”—C. foetida, Pursh, fl. 2. p. 373?
“ Shady woods of the Oregon".—Much taller than C„ cordifolia ( 6-8 feet
high), with the leaves smaller, thinner, and more distinctly lobed. The
flowers smaller and rather distant, instead of being crowded.” Nutt.—Racemes
short and paniculate, as in C. foetida; while in C. cordata they are
elongated, as in C. racemosa. The petals seem to be always wanting in C
elata. • ' , ‘ 4
4. C. Americana (Michx.): leaves tritemate; segments ovate; the terminal
3-parted or 3-cleft, incisely lobed, cuneiform or subcordate at the
base; ovaries 2-5, stipitate, glabrous ; petals concave, sessile, nectariferous
at the base, 2-lobed ; follicles obovate, on slender stipes,—Michx. ! fl. 1. p.
316; Fisch. $ Mey. 1. c. C. podocarpa, Ell. sk. 2. p. 16. Actaea podocarpa
DC. prodr. \,p . 64; Deless. ic. 1. t. 66. A. pentacarpa, Michx.! herb. ’
High mountains of North Carolina, Michaux! Mr. Curtis! Pennsylvania
and Virginia, Mr. J. McNab /—About four feet high, glabrous. Leaflets
2-4 inches long, thin, coarsely serrate and incised ; the serratures mucro-
nate. Panicle (in fruit) nearly 2 feet long. Flowers smaller than m C. racemosa,
on short bracteate pedicels ; the upper _ones often with but 2 or 3
ovaries Sepals 5. Petals resembling those of C. foetida, but smaller, and
more distinctly 2-lobed. Follicles very obtuse scarcely beaked ; the persis-
tent slender style subterminal. Seeds 6- 8, oblong, with long light-colored
chaff.
17. TRAUTVETTERIA. Fisch. % Meyer, ind. sem. St. Petersb.
1835, p. 22.
Sepals 4-5. Petals or sterile filaments none. Stamens numerous : anthers
introrse. Carpels 15-20, membranaceous and indéhiscent, 3-carinate,
1-seeded, tipped with the very short hooked style. Seed erect.—Perennial
herbs. Leaves palmately lobed. Stems simple or branching above. Inflorescence
cymose.
1. T. palmata. (Fisch. & Meyer) : leaves slightly coriaceous, with
conspicuous reticulated veins ; cyme mostly compound— Cimicifuga pal-
mata^ Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 316 ; Pursh, fl. 2.p. 373 sk. 2. p. 17. Actæa
palmata DC. syst. 1. p. 383 ; Bot.mag. t. 1630. Thalictrum ranunculmum,
Muhl. in Willd. enum.? Hydrastis, Lam. ill. t. 500; Poir. suppl. 3.
p. 71.
a. lobes of the leaves incisely lobed and serrate.
ft. lobes of the upper leaves lanceolate, serrulate.
Alono’ streams and mountain rivulets, North Carolina ! to Tennessee. p•
Kentucky —Short ! July—Aug.—Stem 2—3 feet high. Leaves 2—3, large,
5- 9-lobed (the lowest on a long petiole), with smaller sessile ones subtending
the branches of the cyme. Cyme fastigiate, nearly simple or much branched,
dichotomously corymbose, loosely flowered : pedicels ebracteate. Sepals orbicular
concave (the veins arranged after the same manner as in the leaves).
Achenia utriculate, small, gibbous on the back, carinate, also with 2 lateral
ribs. Seed very small.
2. T. grandis (Nutt. ! mss.) : “ leaves membranaceous, the veins scarcely
prominent ; cyme nearly simple.—Cimicifuga palmata, Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1.
P “ Shady woods of the Oregon. A Jailer and larger plant than the preceding
with thinner, more acuminate, sharply and deeply toothed leaves. The
flowers are also larger.” Nutt.—Perhaps scarcely distinct, the more membranaceous
leaves 'may be owing to the shady situations.
18. THALICTRUM. Linn.-, DC. syst. 1. p. 168.
Sepals 4, rarely 5. Petals none. Stamens numerous : anthers innate.
Carpels (achenia) 4-15, pointed with the style or stigma, sulcate or ribbed,
sometimes inflated. Seed suspended.—Perennial herbs. Leaves 2-3-ternately
divided. Flowers corymbose or paniculate, often dioecious or polygamous,
greenish, white, or yellow.
* Carpels inflated or stipitate : sepals caducous.
1. T. clavatum. (DC.) : flowers perfect (monoecious, DC.) ; filaments
clavate ; anthers elliptical, pointless ; carpels compressed, not striate, stipi